Editing AC power plugs and sockets (section)

==== Brazilian standard NBR 14136 ====
{{See also|IEC 60906-1#Brazilian NBR 14136 standard}}
[[File:NBR 14136 plugs and outlet.jpg|thumb|upright=1.1|Two-pin charger, three-pin 10&nbsp;A plug and 10&nbsp;A socket-outlet conforming to Brazilian Standard NBR&nbsp;14136]]
[[File:Tomada_Brasileira_-_NBR_14136,_20A,_250V.jpg|thumb|upright=.85|Brazilian 20 ampere socket]]

Brazil, which had been using mostly Europlugs as well as NEMA&nbsp;1-15 and NEMA&nbsp;5-15 plugs, adopted a (non-compliant) variant of IEC 60906-1 as the national standard in 1998 under specification NBR&nbsp;14136 (revised in 2002).<ref name="ABNT">{{Citation |title=NBR 14136:2002&nbsp;– Plugues e tomadas para uso doméstico e análogo&nbsp;– Padronização |publisher=ABNT |trans-title=Plugs and socket-outlets for household use and similar purposes – Specification |language=pt |place=BR |year=2002}}</ref> These are used for both 220-volt and 127-volt regions of the country, despite the IEC 60906-2 recommendation that NEMA&nbsp;5-15 be used for 120&nbsp;V connections. There are two types of sockets and plugs in NBR&nbsp;14136: one for 10&nbsp;A, with a 4.0&nbsp;mm pin diameter, and another for 20&nbsp;A, with a 4.8&nbsp;mm pin diameter.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=Projeto de redes |url=http://www.projetoderedes.com.br/artigos/artigo_norma_abnt_14136.php |title=Norma ABNT NBR 14136:2002 |language=pt |location=BR}}</ref> This differs from IEC&nbsp;60906-1 which specifies a pin diameter of 4.5&nbsp;mm and a rating of 16&nbsp;A. NBR&nbsp;14136 does not require shutters on the apertures, a further aspect of non-compliance with IEC 60906-1. NBR&nbsp;14136 was not enforced in that country until 2007, when its adoption was made optional for manufacturers. It became compulsory on 1 January 2010.

Few private houses in Brazil have an earthed supply, so even if a three-pin socket is present it is not safe to assume that all three terminals are actually connected. Most large domestic appliances were sold with the option to fit a flying earth tail to be locally earthed, but many consumers were unsure how to use this and so did not connect it. The new standard has an earth pin, which in theory eliminates the need for the flying earth tail.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.inmetro.gov.br/qualidade/pluguestomadas/perguntas.asp |title=Plugues e Tomadas |access-date=1 December 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305013445/http://www.inmetro.gov.br/qualidade/pluguestomadas/perguntas.asp |archive-date=5 March 2016}} Aquele fiozinho que tem pendurado atrás da minha geladeira, vai desaparecer?</ref>

Due to their smaller pin diameter, Brazilian plugs rated for 10{{nbsp}}A also fit into Brazilian sockets rated for 20{{nbsp}}A and South African sockets rated for 16{{nbsp}}A. 20{{nbsp}}A plugs do not fit into 10{{nbsp}}A sockets, which is as intended. However, if the Brazilian and South African variants are mixed, due to receptacle tolerances it might be possible to insert a 16{{nbsp}}A plug into a 10{{nbsp}}A socket or a 20{{nbsp}}A plug into a 16{{nbsp}}A socket, which could overload the socket.<ref>{{cite web |title=IEC 60906-1:2009 |url=https://webstore.iec.ch/en/publication/3882 |website=International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) |at=Standard sheet 1-1 (gives the receptacle diameter as 5{{nbsp}}mm for a pin diameter of 4.5{{nbsp}}mm) |language=en}}</ref>
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