Editing Animal cognition (section)

====Invertebrates====
{{main|Cephalopod intelligence}}
[[File:Octopus_shell.jpg|thumb|An [[octopus]] traveling with shells collected for protection. Despite evolving independently from humans for over 600 million years, octopuses  demonstrate [[Problem solving|problem-solving]] abilities, adaptive learning, and likely [[sentience]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Henriques |first=Martha |date=25 July 2022 |title=The mysterious inner life of the octopus |url=https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20220720-do-octopuses-feel-pain |access-date=2024-06-29 |website=BBC |language=en-GB}}</ref>]]
[[Cephalopod]]s are capable of complex tasks, thus earning them the reputation of being among the smartest of invertebrates. For example, octopuses can open jars to get the contents inside and have remarkable ability to learn new skills from the moment they are born.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Piero|first=Amodio|date=2020|title=Bipedal locomotion in Octopus vulgaris: A complementary observation and some preliminary considerations|journal=Ecology and Evolution|volume=11|issue=9 |pages=3679–3684|doi=10.1002/ece3.7328 |pmid=33976767 |pmc=8093653 |bibcode=2021EcoEv..11.3679A}}</ref> Some cephalopods are known to use [[coconut]] shells for protection or [[camouflage]].<ref name="Defensive tool use in a coconut-car">{{cite journal | vauthors = Finn JK, Tregenza T, Norman MD | title = Defensive tool use in a coconut-carrying octopus | journal = Current Biology | volume = 19 | issue = 23 | pages = R1069-70 | date = December 2009 | pmid = 20064403 | doi = 10.1016/j.cub.2009.10.052 | s2cid = 26835945 | doi-access = free | bibcode = 2009CBio...19R1069F}}</ref> Cephalopod cognitive evolution is hypothesized to have been shaped primarily by predatory and foraging pressures, but a challenging mating context may also have played a role.<ref name=":1" />

Ants of the species ''[[Conomyrma bicolor]]'' pick up stones and other small objects with their mandibles and drop them down the vertical entrances of rival colonies, allowing workers to forage for food without competition.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Möglich MH, Alpert GD |year=1979 |title=Stone dropping by Conomyrma bicolor (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): A new technique of interference competition |journal=[[Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology]] |volume=2 |issue=6 |pages=105–113 |jstor=4599265 |doi=10.1007/bf00292556|bibcode=1979BEcoS...6..105M |s2cid=27266459}}</ref>