Editing Elective monarchy (section)

== Extraordinary election ==
A hereditary monarchy may occasionally use election to fill a vacant throne. For example, the royal family may become extinct; depending on how precisely the succession to the throne is defined in law, several candidates with equally, or almost equally, strong claims could emerge, with an election being held to choose from among them. This differs from a formally elective monarchy in that it is an extraordinary measure, and with the new monarch the succession again becomes hereditary.{{Citation needed|date=March 2022}}

Alternatively, the monarch may be deposed, as in a [[revolution]]. While sometimes a monarch may be forced to abdicate in favour of his or her heir, on other occasions the royal family as a whole has been rejected, the throne going to an elected candidate. Examples of extraordinary election are:
* [[Michael of Russia]], chosen by a [[Zemsky Sobor]] (national assembly) in 1613 after the extinction of the [[Rurikid dynasty]] and the end of the [[Time of Troubles]]. The resulting [[Romanov dynasty]] was an old [[boyar]] house with close ties to the former royal family, and Michael's father, [[Patriarch Philaret of Moscow|Feodor Romanov]], was at the time a [[Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia]] under the monastic name of Filaret, in effect holding a position of [[interrex]]. Later, Patriarch Filaret, a skilled politician in his own right, became effectively a co-ruler and sometimes a regent for his weak and not very healthy son.{{Citation needed|date=March 2022}}
* In 1971 seven individual Emirates in the [[Arabian Peninsula]] united to form the [[United Arab Emirates]] and became a federation. Upon its formation, Sheikh [[Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan]] of [[Abu Dhabi]] was elected as the head of the state and Ra'is (President) of the union by the ruling monarchs of the other six Emirates, while Zayed himself voted for [[Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum]], then ruler of [[Dubai]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cpc.gov.ae/en-us/TheUae/Pages/LateSheikhZayed.aspx|title=The UAE|access-date=2019-12-13|archive-date=2020-04-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200409232839/https://www.cpc.gov.ae/en-us/TheUae/Pages/LateSheikhZayed.aspx|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://m.khaleejtimes.com/nation/dubai/when-sheikh-mohammed-met-his-second-father-sheikh-zayed|title=Sheikh Mohammed recalls meeting which paved way for UAE|access-date=2019-12-13|archive-date=2022-05-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220515032806/https://www.khaleejtimes.com/article/sheikh-mohammed-recalls-meeting-which-paved-way-for-uae|url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[Gopala]], the first emperor of the [[Pala Empire]], was chosen by independent regional warchiefs in the 8th century. This arrangement was common in many contemporary tribal societies in the region.<ref name="Nitish2011">{{cite book | author=Nitish K. Sengupta | title=Land of Two Rivers: A History of Bengal from the Mahabharata to Mujib | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kVSh_TyJ0YoC&pg=PA40 | date=1 January 2011 | publisher=Penguin Books India | isbn=978-0-14-341678-4 | page=40 | access-date=26 May 2021 | archive-date=2 May 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160502013923/https://books.google.com/books?id=kVSh_TyJ0YoC&pg=PA40 | url-status=live }}</ref>