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Anti-Russian sentiment
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====New Zealand==== Russophobia in [[New Zealand]] dates back to the [[Colony of New Zealand|colonial era]]; early anti-Russian sentiment among New Zealanders was influenced by "the general [[Victorian era|Victorian]] dislike of [[Tsarist autocracy]]" and [[British diaspora|British immigrants]] to the colony who brought "with them the high level of anti-Russian sentiment at home." Polish, Hungarian and Jewish refugees fleeing Russia's suppression of various rebellions and [[Pogroms in the Russian Empire|outbreaks of anti-Jewish pogroms]] also influenced Russophobia in New Zealand. In the aftermath of the [[Crimean War]], suspicion of a possible Russian invasion of New Zealand led the colonial government to construct [[Coastal fortifications of New Zealand#The "Russian-scare" forts of 1885|a series of "Russian-scare" coastal fortifications]] along the coastline. However, during the [[World War I|First World War]], anti-Russian sentiment subsided as New Zealand and Russia found themselves fighting on [[Allies of World War I|the same side]] against [[German Empire|Imperial Germany]] and [[anti-German sentiment]] grew in its place. By late 1920s pragmatism moderated anti-Russian sentiment in official circles, especially during the [[Great Depression]]. Influential visitors to the [[Soviet Union]], such as [[George Bernard Shaw]], provided a sympathetic view of what they experienced.<ref name=wilson/> The history of Russophobia in [[New Zealand]] was analyzed in Glynn Barratt's book ''Russophobia in New Zealand, 1838β1908'',<ref name=barrat>{{cite book |title=Russophobia in New Zealand, 1838β1908|last=Barratt|first=Glynn|year=1981|publisher=Dunmore Press|isbn=978-0-908564-75-0 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3OwmAQAAMAAJ}}</ref> expanded to cover the period up to 1939 in an article by Tony Wilson.<ref name=wilson>Tony Wilson, [https://www.jstor.org/stable/40922035 Russophobia and New Zealand-Russian Relations, 1900s to 1939], New Zealand Slavonic Journal, (1999), pp. 273β296</ref>
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