Editing CAN bus (section)

=== Applying Zero-Trust Architecture (ZTA) to Automotive Security ===
[[Zero trust architecture|Zero-Trust Architecture (ZTA)]], based on the principle of "never trust, always verify," is being adapted from enterprise networks to automotive cybersecurity. By enforcing strict authentication, segmentation, and monitoring, ZTA enhances vehicle network resilience against cyber threats while balancing performance, cost, and system complexity.

'''Key Components of Automotive ZTA'''

* '''Secure Onboard Communication (SecOC):''' Ensures authentication and verification of network communication between [[Electronic control unit|Electronic Control Units (ECUs)]] using [[Cryptography|cryptographic]] methods to prevent spoofing attacks.
* '''ECU Authentication and Key Management:''' Enforces strict identity verification for each ECU before allowing communication within the vehicle network, utilizing cryptographic key creation and distribution.
* '''Network Segmentation and Policy Enforcement:''' The vehicle gateway ECU acts as a policy enforcement point to regulate data flow between subsystems and limit lateral movement of attackers.
* '''[[UEFI|Secure Boot]] and Firmware Integrity:''' Ensures that ECUs only run authentic software by validating firmware signatures at startup, preventing unauthorized code execution.
* '''[[Intrusion detection system|Intrusion Detection]] and Monitoring:''' Implements real-time monitoring and AI-driven analytics to detect anomalies in CAN traffic, identifying cybersecurity threats early.

While ZTA enhances vehicle security, implementing efficient cryptographic methods and integrating with complex automotive systems remain challenges. Research suggests ZTA provides strong security with minimal impact on performance and cost.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Zero-Trust Architecture for Automotive Networks, 10-R6352 {{!}} Southwest Research Institute |url=https://www.swri.org/what-we-do/internal-research-development/2023/automotive-transportation/zero-trust-architecture-automotive-networks-10-r6352 |access-date=2025-03-11 |website=www.swri.org}}</ref>