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Dingo
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===Efficiency of measures=== The efficiency of control measures was questioned in the past and is often questioned today, as well as whether they stand in a good cost-benefit ratio. The premium system proved to be susceptible to deception and to be useless on a large scale, and can therefore only be used for getting rid of "problem-dogs".<ref name="impact"/><ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1046/j.1365-2664.2001.00569.x|jstor=2655734|last1=Allen|first1=L. R.|last2=Sparkes|first2=E. C.|title=The Effect of Dingo Control on Sheep and Beef Cattle in Queensland|journal=Journal of Applied Ecology|volume=38|issue=1|pages=76β87|year=2001|bibcode=2001JApEc..38...76A |doi-access=free}}</ref> Animal traps are considered inhumane and inefficient on a large scale, due to the limited efficacy of baits. Based on studies, it is assumed that only young dogs that would have died anyway can be captured.<ref name="western"/> Furthermore, wild dogs are capable of learning and sometimes are able to detect and avoid traps quite efficiently. In one case, a dingo bitch followed a dogger and triggered his traps one after another by carefully pushing her paw through the sand that covered the trap.<ref name="cunning"/> Poisonous baits can be very effective when they are of good meat quality; however, they do not last long<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Twigg|first1=Laurie E.|last2=Eldridge|first2=Steve R.|last3=Edwards|first3=Glenn P.|last4=Shakeshaft|first4=Bernie J.|last5=Depreu|first5=Nicki D.|last6=Adams|first6=Neville|title=The longevity and efficacy of 1080 meat baits used for dingo control in central Australia|journal=Wildlife Research|volume=27|pages=473β81|year=2000|doi=10.1071/WR99044|issue=5}}</ref> and are occasionally taken by red foxes, quolls, ants and birds. Aerial baiting can nearly eliminate whole dingo populations.<ref name="western"/> Livestock guardian dogs can effectively minimise livestock losses, but are less effective on wide open areas with widely distributed livestock. Furthermore, they can be a danger to the livestock or be killed by control measures themselves when they are not sufficiently supervised by their owners.<ref name="beefy12"/> Fences are reliable in keeping wild dogs from entering certain areas, but they are expensive to build, need permanent maintenance, and only cause the problem to be relocated. Control measures mostly result in smaller packs and a disruption of pack structure. The measures seem{{which|date=October 2014}} to be rather detrimental to the livestock industry because the empty territories are taken over by young dogs and the predation then increases. Nonetheless, it is regarded as unlikely that the control measures could completely eradicate the dingo in Central Australia, and the elimination of all wild dogs is not considered a realistic option. It has been shown that culling a small percentage of immature dingoes on Fraser Island had little significant negative impact on the overall island population, though this is being disputed.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://theconversation.com/culling-is-no-danger-to-the-future-of-dingoes-on-fraser-island-24073|title= Culling is no danger to the future of dingoes on Fraser Island|last1= Benjamin|first1= Allen|date= 13 April 2015|website= theconversation.com|access-date= 27 April 2015|archive-date= 20 April 2015|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150420001605/http://theconversation.com/culling-is-no-danger-to-the-future-of-dingoes-on-fraser-island-24073|url-status= live}}</ref>
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