Editing Finland (section)

=== Music ===
{{Main|Music of Finland|Sami music}}
[[File:10stringkantele02.jpg|thumb|left|The [[kantele]] is Finland's national and traditional instrument.]]
;Folk
Finnish folk music can be divided into Nordic dance music and the older tradition of poem singing, poems from which the national epic, the ''[[Kalevala]]'', was created.
Much of Finland's classical music is influenced by traditional Finnish and Karelian melodies and lyrics, as comprised in the ''Kalevala''. In the historical region of [[Finnish Karelia]], as well as other parts of Eastern Finland, the old poem singing traditions were preserved better than in the western parts of the country. In the 19th century [[Nordic folk dance music]] largely replaced the kalevaic tradition. Finnish [[folk music]] has undergone a [[roots revival]] and has become a part of [[popular music]]. The people of northern Finland, Sweden, and Norway, the [[Sami people|Sami]], are known primarily for highly spiritual songs called [[joik]].

;Classical
[[File:Sibelius with notes.jpg|thumb|upright|The Finnish composer [[Jean Sibelius]] (1865–1957) was a significant figure in the history of [[European classical music|classical music]].]]
The first [[Finnish opera]] was written by the German-born composer [[Fredrik Pacius]] in 1852. Pacius also wrote the music to the poem [[Maamme|''Maamme/Vårt land'' (Our Country)]], Finland's [[national anthem]]. In the 1890s Finnish nationalism based on the ''Kalevala'' spread, and [[Jean Sibelius]] became famous for his vocal symphony ''[[Kullervo (Sibelius)|Kullervo]]''. In 1899 he composed ''[[Finlandia]]'', which played an important role in Finland gaining independence. He remains one of Finland's most popular national figures.

Alongside Sibelius, the distinct Finnish style of music was created by [[Oskar Merikanto]], [[Toivo Kuula]], [[Erkki Melartin]], [[Leevi Madetoja]] and [[Uuno Klami]]. Important modernist composers include [[Einojuhani Rautavaara]], [[Aulis Sallinen]] and [[Magnus Lindberg]], among others. [[Kaija Saariaho]] was ranked the world's greatest living composer in a 2019 composers' poll.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://musicfinland.com/en/news/kaija-saariaho-voted-greatest-living-composer-by-bbc-music-magazine|title=Kaija Saariaho voted greatest living composer by BBC Music Magazine|website=Music Finland|language=en-us|access-date=9 January 2023|archive-date=3 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230603033428/https://musicfinland.com/en/news/kaija-saariaho-voted-greatest-living-composer-by-bbc-music-magazine|url-status=live}}</ref> Many Finnish musicians have achieved international success. Among them are the conductor [[Esa-Pekka Salonen]], the opera singer [[Karita Mattila]] and the violinist [[Pekka Kuusisto]].

;Popular music
[[File:Apocalyptica1.jpg|thumb|right|upright|[[Perttu Kivilaakso]] of [[Apocalyptica]]]]
''Iskelmä'' (coined directly from the German word ''[[Schlager]]'', meaning "hit") is a traditional Finnish word for a light popular song.Finnish popular music also includes various kinds of [[dance music]]; [[Tango music|tango]], a style of [[Music of Argentina|Argentine music]], is also popular.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Explaining the Finnish love of tango |author=C.G. |newspaper=The Economist |date=11 October 2017 |access-date=18 July 2020 |url=https://www.economist.com/prospero/2017/10/11/explaining-the-finnish-love-of-tango |archive-date=23 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201123044316/https://www.economist.com/prospero/2017/10/11/explaining-the-finnish-love-of-tango |url-status=live }}</ref> The light music in Swedish-speaking areas has more influences from Sweden. At least a couple of Finnish [[polka]]s are known worldwide, such as ''[[Säkkijärven polkka]]''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wearethemighty.com/mighty-history/how-the-finns-stopped-the-soviets-with-this-polka-song/|title=How the Finns stopped the Soviets with this polka song|date=6 August 2020|access-date=5 March 2021|archive-date=20 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210120064329/https://www.wearethemighty.com/mighty-history/how-the-finns-stopped-the-soviets-with-this-polka-song/|url-status=live}}</ref> and "{{lang|fi|[[Ievan polkka]]}}".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://musicfinland.com/en/news/finnish-jenkka-song-took-over-japans-department-stores|title=Finnish jenkka song took over Japan's department stores|website=Music Finland|access-date=12 September 2020|archive-date=30 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200930160000/https://musicfinland.com/en/news/finnish-jenkka-song-took-over-japans-department-stores|url-status=live}}</ref>

During the 1970s, [[progressive rock]] group [[Wigwam (Finnish band)|Wigwam]] and [[rock and roll]] group [[Hurriganes]] gained respect abroad. The Finnish [[Punk rock|punk]] scene produced some internationally acknowledged names including [[Terveet Kädet]] in the 1980s. [[Hanoi Rocks]] was a pioneering [[glam rock]] act.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702304587704577333813382925678|title=Guns N' Roses Can Agree on at Least One Thing: This Finnish Saxophonist Rocks|last=Shah|first=Neil|date=15 April 2012|work=The Wall Street Journal|access-date=19 November 2012|archive-date=8 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208180953/http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702304587704577333813382925678|url-status=live}}</ref> Many Finnish [[Heavy metal music|metal bands]] have gained international recognition; Finland has been often called the "Promised Land of Heavy Metal" because there are more than 50 metal Bands for every 100,000 inhabitants – more than any other nation in the world.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://finland.fi/arts-culture/finnish-metropolises-vie-to-win-capital-of-metal/|title=Finnish metropolises vie to win Capital of Metal|date=8 May 2018|website=thisisFINLAND|access-date=9 October 2020|archive-date=1 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230401024138/https://finland.fi/arts-culture/finnish-metropolises-vie-to-win-capital-of-metal/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.famouscampaigns.com/2019/07/finlands-stage-worlds-first-heavy-metal-knitting-championship/|title=Finland stage world's first heavy metal knitting championship|first=Famous|last=Campaigns|access-date=9 October 2020|archive-date=30 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230530235534/https://www.famouscampaigns.com/2019/07/finlands-stage-worlds-first-heavy-metal-knitting-championship/|url-status=live}}</ref> Modern Finnish popular music includes a number of prominent [[Rock music in Finland|rock musicians]], pop musicians, [[jazz]] musicians, [[hip-hop]] performers, and dance music acts.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Suomalainen musiikki jyrää, mutta mihin katosivat kotimaiset bändit? Toni Wirtanen lataa tiskiin rajun näkemyksen: 'Pienen porukan varassa ollaan' |last=Lempinen |first=Marko |work=Ilta-Sanomat |date=11 July 2019 |access-date=18 April 2023 |url=https://www.is.fi/viihde/art-2000006170555.html |language=fi |archive-date=18 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230418173806/https://www.is.fi/viihde/art-2000006170555.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=9 September 2014|title=Don't mess with Finnish jazz|url=https://finland.fi/arts-culture/dont-mess-with-finnish-jazz/|access-date=1 September 2020|website=thisisFINLAND|language=en-US|archive-date=30 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200930160413/https://finland.fi/arts-culture/dont-mess-with-finnish-jazz/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Hiphop Suomessa |work=BoomBox |access-date=18 April 2023 |url=https://boombox.fi/boombox-festivaali/hiphop-suomessa/ |language=fi |archive-date=18 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230418173808/https://boombox.fi/boombox-festivaali/hiphop-suomessa/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=YleX:n 100 suurta suomalaista konemusiikkibiisiä -listaus on nyt valmis – kolmen kärkeen Darude, Bomfunk MC's ja Slusnik Luna |publisher=YleX |date=15 December 2016 |access-date=18 April 2023 |url= https://yle.fi/aihe/artikkeli/2016/12/10/ylexn-100-suurta-suomalaista-konemusiikkibiisia-listaus-on-nyt-valmis-kolmen |language=fi }}</ref>

Finland has won the [[Eurovision Song Contest]] once in 2006 when [[Lordi]] won the contest with the song [[Hard Rock Hallelujah|<nowiki>''Hard Rock Hallelujah''</nowiki>]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Eurovision 2006 Results: Voting & Points |url=https://eurovisionworld.com/eurovision/2006 |access-date=8 June 2023 |website=Eurovisionworld |language=en-gb |archive-date=6 February 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180206204915/https://eurovisionworld.com/eurovision/2006 |url-status=live }}</ref> The Finnish pop artist [[Käärijä]] also got second place in the contest in 2023 with his worldwide hit song [[Cha Cha Cha (Käärijä song)|<nowiki>''Cha Cha Cha''</nowiki>]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Eurovision 2023 Results: Voting & Points |url=https://eurovisionworld.com/eurovision/2023 |access-date=8 June 2023 |website=Eurovisionworld |language=en-gb |archive-date=23 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230523074229/https://eurovisionworld.com/eurovision/2023 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Eurovision Official Chart Record! Why 2023 is contest's biggest year yet |url=https://www.officialcharts.com/chart-news/eurovision-official-chart-record-loreen-kaeaerijae-mae-muller-and-alessandra-reach-uk-top-10-simultaneously__39322/ |access-date=8 June 2023 |website=www.officialcharts.com |language=en |archive-date=19 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230519174018/https://www.officialcharts.com/chart-news/eurovision-official-chart-record-loreen-kaeaerijae-mae-muller-and-alessandra-reach-uk-top-10-simultaneously__39322/ |url-status=live }}</ref>