Editing 1566 (section)

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 22]] &ndash; [[Pope Pius V]] issues an edict to expel most prostitutes from Rome, and the [[Papal States]].<ref>Christina J. Moose, ''Great Events from History: The Renaissance & Early Modern Era, 1454-1600'', Volume 2 (Salem Press, 2005) p.701</ref> The edict is soon reversed because of the loss of revenue from the taxation of houses of prostitution.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Cohen |first1=Elizabeth S. |title=Seen and known: prostitutes in the cityscape of late-sixteenth-century Rome |journal=Renaissance Studies |date=1998 |volume=12 |issue=3 |pages=392–409 |jstor=24412612 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/24412612 |access-date=29 November 2023 |issn=0269-1213}}</ref>
* [[July 25]] &ndash; Feodor Stefanovich Kolychov is consecrated as the patriarch of the Russian Orthodox Church as [[Philip II, Metropolitan of Moscow]] with the approval of the Tsar Ivan the Terrible,<ref>[https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2023/01/09/100135-hieromartyr-philip-metropolitan-of-moscow-and-all-russia "Hieromartyr Philip, Metropolitan of Moscow and All Russia"], Orthodox Church in America</ref> but soon defies the Tsar. Philip will be deposed in 16 months later and put to death on December 23, 1568.  
* [[July 28]] &ndash; [[John Sigismund Zápolya]], uncrowned claimant to the throne of the [[List of Hungarian monarchs|King of Hungary]], leads an invasion of Upper Hungary on the orders of Ottoman Sultan Suleiman.<ref>László Kontler, ''Millennium in Central Europe: A History of Hungary'' (Atlantisz Publishing, 1999) p.148</ref>
* [[July 31]] &ndash; [[Philip II of Spain|King Philip II of Spain]] sends a final [[Letters from the Segovia Woods|letter to the administrators and Catholic bishops]] of the [[Spanish Netherlands]], rejecting a request to abolish ordinances treating [[Protestantism|Protestants]] as [[heresy|heretics]].<ref>Ernst H. Kossman and Albert F. Mellink, ''Texts Concerning the Revolt of the Netherlands''. Cambridge University Press, 1974) pp. 69-75</ref> The decision leads to an uprising against Spain by [[Calvinism|Calvinists]] and ultimately to the [[Eighty Years War]].
* [[August 6]] &ndash; The [[siege of Szigetvár]] is begun by [[Suleiman the Magnificent]], [[Sultan of the Ottoman Empire]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Horváth |first1=Jenő |title=Magyar hadi krónika: a magyar nemzet ezeréves küzdelmeinek katonai története |date=1895 |publisher=Magyar Tudományos Akadémia Hadtudományi Bizottsága |page=87 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hc9AAAAAYAAJ&dq=Szigetv%C3%A1r+szulejm%C3%A1n+ostroma+%221566.+augusztus+6.%22&pg=RA1-PA87 |access-date=27 November 2023 |language=hu}}</ref> This is the [[Ottoman Empire]] at its greatest extent.
* [[August 10]] &ndash; The ''[[Beeldenstorm]]'', also called the "Iconoclastic Fury", begins as Protestant [[Calvinists]] engage in widespread destruction of religious art in the what are now the Netherlands and Belgium.<ref>{{cite book|last=Arnade|first=Peter J.|title=Beggars, Iconoclasts, and Civic Patriots: the Political Culture of the Dutch Revolt|url=https://archive.org/details/beggarsiconoclas00arna|url-access=limited|location=Ithaca, NY|publisher=Cornell University Press|year=2008|isbn=978-0-8014-7496-5|pages=[https://archive.org/details/beggarsiconoclas00arna/page/103 103]–104}}</ref> 
* [[August 16]] &ndash; The ''Beeldenstorm'' arrives at [[Ypres]] and the [[St Martin's Cathedral, Ypres|St Martin's Cathedral]] is plundered, with the library and artifiacts of Bishop [[Martin Rythovius]] burned.
*[[August 25]] &ndash; The vandalism of the ''Beeldenstorm'' reaches [[Leiden]].
* [[September 7]] &ndash; [[Suleiman the Magnificent]] dies in his tent of natural causes aged 71 the day before the end of the [[siege of Szigetvár]],<ref name="sul">{{cite book |last1=Pap |first1=Norbert |title=The Battle for Central Europe |date=21 January 2019 |publisher=Brill |isbn=978-90-04-39623-4 |pages=539–552 |url=https://brill.com/display/book/edcoll/9789004396234/BP000028.xml |access-date=27 November 2023 |language=en |chapter=The Pilgrimage Town (Türbe Kasabası) of Sultan Süleyman at Szigetvár}}</ref> and [[Selim II]] succeeds him as [[Sultan of the Ottoman Empire]].<ref>{{cite web |title=SELİM II |url=https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/selim-ii |website=TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi |access-date=27 November 2023 |language=tr}}</ref>
* [[September 8]] &ndash; The [[siege of Szigetvár]] ends in a fierce battle with the annihilation of 2,300 Hungarian and Croatian defenders, including their general, [[Nikola Šubić Zrinski]], annihilated by an army of 90,000 soldiers of the [[Ottoman Empire]], under [[Sokollu Mehmed Pasha]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Tucker |first1=Spencer C. |title=Great Sieges in World History: From Ancient Times to the 21st Century |date=15 February 2021 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing USA |isbn=978-1-4408-6803-0 |page=72 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qErEEAAAQBAJ&dq=Szigetv%C3%A1r+%2290000%22&pg=PA72 |access-date=29 November 2023 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Moln |first1=Enikő |last2=Basa |first2=R |title=A Szigeti Veszedelem and the Turkish Wars |journal=e-Journal of the American Hungarian Educators Association |date=2010 |issue=3 |pages=1–17 |url=https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=145355 |access-date=29 November 2023 |language=English |issn=1936-8879}}</ref> Before charging out with his remaining 600 troops, General Zrinski orders the gates to the fortress to be opened and fires a large cannon, loaded with broken iron, killing hundreds of Ottoman attackers as they enter.<ref name=Shelton>Edward Shelton, ''The Book of Battles: or, Daring Deeds by Land and Sea'' (Houlston and Wright, 1867) pp.82-83</ref> As a final measure, according to one source, Zrinski orders a long fuse to be lit to the fortress [[gunpowder magazine]] and the powder explodes while thousands of Ottomans are inside.<ref name="Shelton" />