Editing 1609 (section)

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 4]] &ndash; French explorer [[Samuel de Champlain]] and his entourage of 60 men in 24 canoes become the first Europeans to enter [[Lake Champlain]], located between the modern-day U.S. states of [[Vermont]] and [[New York (state)|New York]].<ref>"A Historical, Topographical & Agricultural Survey of the County of Washington", by Dr. Asa Fitch, in ''Transactions of the New York State Agricultural Society: Report of the Executive Committee for 1848'' (New York State Agricultural Society, 1849) p. 882 ("Attended by some of the Mountain Indians, he left Quebec, May 28th, 1609... On the 4th day of July they entered Lake Champlain.")</ref> 
* [[July 9]] &ndash; [[Bohemia]] is granted freedom of religion by a '[[Letter of Majesty]]'.
* [[July 10]] &ndash; The German [[Catholic League (German)|Catholic League]] is formed in [[Munich]] by [[Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria]] to counteract the [[Protestant Union]]. Maximilian assembles representatives from [[Augsburg]], [[Konstanz]], [[Passau]], [[Regensburg]], and [[Würzburg]] in an alliance "for the defense of the Catholic religion and peace" within the [[Holy Roman Empire]]. 
* [[July 23]] &ndash; A three-day hurricane begins in the Caribbean Sea and separates the nine [[London Company]]'s ships and their 600 passengers who are ''en route'' to relieve the [[Jamestown, Virginia|Jamestown]] settlement. One ship sinks, and the flagship is wrecked. Less than 300 settlers make it to Virginia. 
* [[July 25]]
**The ''[[Sea Venture]]'', flagship of the nine-ship fleet of the [[London Company]] is deliberately wrecked at [[Bermuda]] during a storm, as Admiral [[George Somers]] drives the ship into the reefs of Discovery Bay in order to prevent the ship from sinking. A group of 153 survivors stay, making the first English settlement of the island.<ref>James Horn, ''A Land as God Made It: Jamestown and the Birth of America'' (Basic Books, 2006) pp. 158–160</ref>
**After a fight on November 30 in [[Portuguese Macau]] between Japanese traders and Portuguese soldiers, Japan's ruling shogun, [[Tokugawa Ieyasu]], strictly prohibits further trade between Japan and Portugal.<ref>C. R. Boxer, ''The Christian Century in Japan 1549–1650'' (University of California Press, 1951) p. 272</ref>
* [[July 30]] &ndash; At modern-day [[Crown Point, New York]], [[Samuel de Champlain]] participates in a battle between the [[Wyandot people|Huron]] and [[Iroquois]], shooting and killing two [[Iroquois]] [[Tribal chief|chiefs]]; this helps set the tone for French–[[Iroquois]] relations for the next 100 years.
* [[August 10]] &ndash; The Spanish galleon ''San Francisco'' sinks in a storm off the coast of Japan, with the loss of 56 men. Clinging to floating wreckage, the survivors are able to reach Yubanda, near [[Onjuku]] in modern-day [[Chiba Prefecture]].
* [[August 11]] &ndash; Four ships arrive at the colony of [[Jamestown, Virginia]], with almost 300 men, women and children, to bring supplies for the starving English colonists. They are followed days later by the other three ships remaining from the [[London Company]]. Most of the supplies, however, are spoiled by rain and seawater, and many of the passengers are ill with the bubonic plague.<ref>Lyon Gardiner Tyler, ''England in America, 1580-1652'' (Harper & Brothers Publishers, 1907) p. 63</ref>
* [[August 15]] (August 5 O.S.) &ndash; English astronomer [[Thomas Harriot]] becomes the first person to make a detailed drawing of the [[Moon]], based on his observations through a telescope.
* [[August 25]] &ndash; [[Galileo Galilei]] demonstrates his first [[telescope]] to [[Republic of Venice|Venetian]] officials.<ref>{{cite book|author=Kenneth R. Lang|title=The Cambridge Guide to the Solar System|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S4xDhVCxAQIC&pg=PA15|date=March 3, 2011|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-139-49417-5|pages=15|language=en}}</ref>
* [[August 28]] &ndash; [[Henry Hudson]] is the first European to see [[Delaware Bay]].<ref name="Half Moon"/><ref name="Cassell's Chronology">{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Hywel|title=Cassell's Chronology of World History|url=https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will/page/238|url-access=registration|location=London|publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson|year=2005|isbn=0-304-35730-8|pages=[https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will/page/238 238–243]}}</ref>
* [[September 2]] &ndash; [[Henry Hudson]] enters [[New York Bay]], aboard the ''[[Halve Maen]]''.
* [[September 10]] &ndash; [[Jamestown, Virginia|Jamestown]]: Capt. [[George Percy (governor)|George Percy]] replaces Captain [[John Smith (explorer)|John Smith]] as president of the Council, and Smith returns to [[Kingdom of England|England]].
* [[September 11]]
** [[Expulsion of the Moriscos]] from [[Kingdom of Valencia|Valencia]] in accordance with the edict signed by Philip III on April 4.
** [[Henry Hudson]] in the ''[[Halve Maen]]'' sails into [[Upper New York Bay]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blog.insidetheapple.net/2008/09/new-yorks-many-911-anniversaries-staten.html|last=Nevius|first=Michelle|author2=James|title=New York's many 9/11 anniversaries: the Staten Island Peace Conference|work=Inside the Apple: A Streetwise History of New York City|date=September 8, 2008|access-date=2011-10-25}}</ref> and begins a journey up the [[Hudson River]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Juet|first=Robert|chapter=Juet's Journal of Hudson's 1609 Voyage|year=1625|title=Hakluytus Posthumus, or Purchas his Pilgrimes|volume=4|editor=Purchas, Samuel|editor-link=Samuel Purchas}}</ref>