Editing 4-8-2 (section)

===Australia===
Unlike some other countries which utilised the {{nowrap|4-8-2}} design for heavy passenger duties, the Australian {{nowrap|4-8-2}} was more typically used as a heavy goods locomotive with small coupled wheels and a very large firebox.

The first {{nowrap|4-8-2}} in Australia was the {{RailGauge|3ft6in|lk=on}} gauge [[Tasmanian Government Railways Q class|Q class]] of the [[Tasmanian Government Railways]]. Nineteen were built in batches between 1922 and 1945 by [[Perry Engineering]] in South Australia, [[Walkers Limited]] of Maryborough, Queensland and [[Clyde Engineering]] of New South Wales. Until 1950, the class handled the majority of mainline goods trains around the state.<ref>[http://www.australiansteam.com/Q5.htm Tasmanian Government Railways Q5 Statically Displayed]</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111117084529/http://www.railtasmania.com/ttms/exhibit.php?id=q5 Exhibit Q5] [[Tasmanian Transport Museum]]</ref>

[[Armstrong Whitworth]] built ten [[South Australian Railways 500 class (steam)|500 class]] 4-8-2 locomotives for the [[South Australian Railways]] in 1926. They were the most powerful locomotives in Australia at the time and the heaviest non-articulated locomotives yet built in the United Kingdom. In 1929, they were modified to 500B class [[4-8-4]] Northern locomotives.

[[File:5701 at Clyde 1929.jpg|thumb|[[New South Wales D57 class locomotive|NSWGR D57 class]] No. 5701]]
The three-cylinder [[New South Wales D57 class locomotive|D57 class]] locomotive of the [[New South Wales Government Railways]] (NSWGR) was one of the largest and most powerful locomotives ever built in Australia. Twenty-five were built by Clyde Engineering from 1929. With their large {{convert|65|sqft|m2|0|abbr=off}} grates and {{convert|64327|lbf|kN|0|abbr=off}} [[tractive effort]], they were put to good use on the steep, 1 in 33 (3%) and 1 in 40 (2½%) [[gradient]]s leading out of [[Sydney]] on the New South Wales mainlines.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://infobluemountains.net.au/locodepot/exhibits_5711.shtml |title=Valley Heights Locomotive Depot Heritage Museum – Exhibits – Locomotive 5711 |access-date=2012-11-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120813091424/http://infobluemountains.net.au/locodepot/exhibits_5711.shtml |archive-date=2012-08-13 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The D57 design was developed further in 1950 with the smaller cylindered [[New South Wales D58 class locomotive|D58 class]], of which thirteen were built at the [[Eveleigh Railway Workshops|Eveleigh]] and [[Cardiff Locomotive Workshops]] of the NSWGR. This class proved to be less successful, suffering from reliability problems attributed to the rack and pinion valve gear that was used for the third cylinder instead of the [[Gresley conjugated valve gear|Gresley-Holcroft]] valve gear that was used on the D57 class.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110303010013/http://www.australiansteam.com/nswgrframe.htm New South Wales Government Railways] Australian Steam</ref>

[[File:WAGR locomotive W934 at Woolshed Flat.jpg|thumb|[[WAGR W class]] No. W934]]
The [[Western Australian Government Railways]] (WAGR) introduced two classes of 4-8-2 locomotives for freight haulage on the state's {{RailGauge|3ft6in}} network. The first was the [[WAGR S class|S class]], of which ten were built at the WAGR [[Midland Railway Workshops]] from 1943, with the locomotives named after West Australian mountains.<ref>New Mountain Type Locos Building for West Australian Railways ''[[Truck & Bus Transportation]]'' April 1940 page 24</ref><ref>Mixed-Traffic 4-8-2 Locomotives ''[[Railway Gazette International|Railway Gazette]]'' 7 January 1944 page 16</ref> The second was the [[WAGR W class|W class]], of which 64 were built by [[Beyer, Peacock & Company]] in 1951 and 1952.<ref>Delivery of Class W 4-8-2s ''Railway Gazette'' 1 June 1951 page 609</ref> The 4-8-2 layout allowed for the weight of these relatively powerful locomotives to be spread over a number of axles, resulting in the W class having a maximum axle load of less than 10 tons. It also enabled the incorporation of a wide firebox for burning poor-quality coal.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.australiansteam.com/H1.htm |publisher=Tasmanian Government |title=Railways H1 Statically Displayed |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304025742/http://www.australiansteam.com/H1.htm |archive-date=4 March 2016}}</ref>

In 1951, the [[Tasmanian Government Railways]] purchased a modern 4-8-2 locomotive, the [[Tasmanian Government Railways H class (1951)|H class]]. Eight locomotives were built by [[Vulcan Foundry]] for freight train working.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110207221225/http://www.australiansteam.com/tgrframe.htm Tasmanian Government Railways] Australian Steam</ref><ref>Tasmanian 4-8-2 Locomotives ''[[Locomotive, Railway Carriage & Wagon Review]]'' issue 709 September 1951 page 139</ref>