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==== Arabian Empire ==== * [[Umayyad conquest of Hispania]]: Continuing campaigns of Muslim domination of the [[Iberian Peninsula]]. Arab forces raid the valley of the [[Ebro|Ebro River]], and capture the fortress city of [[Zaragoza]]. [[Musa bin Nusayr|Musa ibn Nusayr]] is made protector (''[[Wali (administrative title)|wali]]'') of [[Al-Andalus]], with his capital at [[Seville]] (approximate date). * [[Tariq ibn Ziyad]] conquers the cities of [[Barcelona]] and [[Narbonne]], where [[Visigoths|Visigothic]] nobles accept [[Umayyad Caliphate|Umayyad]] overlordship, in return for autonomy in [[Septimania]] (Southern [[France]]). Muslims also raid [[Avignon]] and [[Lyon]] (approximate date). * Musa ibn Nusayr and Tariq ibn Ziyad are summoned back to [[Damascus]] by caliph [[Al-Walid I]]. They are ordered to deliver all the [[Looting|spoils of war]]. Musa complains and is stripped of his rank. [[Abd al-Aziz ibn Musa|Abd al-Aziz]], son of Musa, becomes governor of Al-Andalus (modern [[Spain]]). * [[Al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf]], governor of [[Mesopotamia]], dies at [[Wasit, Iraq|Wasit]] ([[Iraq]]) after a 20-year administration. He is credited for improving [[Agriculture|agricultural]] production and introducing the [[Diacritic|diacritic points]] to the [[Arabic script]]. Al-Hajjaj convinces Al-Walid I to adopt an Arab [[currency]].
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