Editing Abaza language (section)

== Orthography ==

=== Arabic script ===
Around the late 19th to early 20th centuries, there were attempts to write Abaza with the Arabic script, but none of these attempts took hold.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Клычев |first=Р. Н. |title=Kavkazskie âzyki |last2=Чкадуа |first2=Л. П. |date=2001 |publisher=Academia |isbn=978-5-87444-079-4 |editor-last=Institut âzykoznaniâ |series=Âzyki mira |location=Moskva |chapter=Абазинский язык}}</ref>

=== Latin script (1932–1938) ===
[[File:Abaza latin alphabet.jpg|thumb|Abaza Latin alphabet]]
In 1932, the first widely used Abaza alphabet was created using the Latin script. It was used until 1938.<ref name="сердюченко">{{cite book |author=Г. П. Сердюченко |url=http://apsnyteka.org/file/serdyuchenko_g_abazinsky_alfavit_i_orfografia_1938.pdf |title=Абазинский алфавит и орфография на русской графической основе |date=1938 |publisher=Чернациздательство |location=Ежово-Черкесск |pages=26}}<!-- auto-translated from Russian by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
| style="width:5em;" |A a<br />{{IPA|[a]}}
| style="width:5em;" |B ʙ<br />{{IPA|/b/}}
| style="width:5em;" |C c<br />{{IPA|/t͡s/}}
| style="width:5em;" |Ç ç<br />{{IPA|/t͡sʼ/}}
| style="width:5em;" |D d<br />{{IPA|/d/}}
| style="width:5em;" |E e<br />{{IPA|[e]}}
| style="width:5em;" |F f<br />{{IPA|/f/}}
| style="width:5em;" |ꟻ [[File:Latin_small_letter_reflected_F.svg|11x11px]]<br />{{IPA|/ʃʷ/}}
|-
| style="width:5em;" |G g<br />{{IPA|/ɡ/}}
| style="width:5em;" |Ɡ [[File:Latin small letter script G with ascender.svg|16x16px]]<br />{{IPA|/d͡ʒ/}}
| style="width:5em;" |[[File:Latin_capital_letter_rounded_H_with_left_hook.svg|10x10px]] [[File:Latin_small_letter_H_with_left_hook.svg|9x9px]]<br />{{IPA|/ʔ/}}
| style="width:5em;" |H ɦ<br />{{IPA|/ħ/}}
| style="width:5em;" |Ɥ ɥ<br />{{IPA|/t͡ɕ/}}
| style="width:5em;" |[[File:Latin_capital_letter_turned_wide_H_with_stroke.svg|10x10px]] [[File:Latin_small_letter_turned_H_with_stroke.svg|11x11px]]<br />{{IPA|/t͡ɕʼ/}}
| style="width:5em;" |I i<br />{{IPA|[i]}}
| style="width:5em;" |J j<br />{{IPA|/ʒʷ/}}
|-
| style="width:5em;" |K k<br />{{IPA|/k/}}
| style="width:5em;" |Ⱪ ⱪ<br />{{IPA|/kʼ/}}
| style="width:5em;" |L l<br />{{IPA|/l/}}
| style="width:5em;" |L̦ l̦<br />{{IPA|/ɬ/}}
| style="width:5em;" |M m<br />{{IPA|/m/}}
| style="width:5em;" |N n<br />{{IPA|/n/}}
| style="width:5em;" |O o<br />{{IPA|[o]}}
| style="width:5em;" |P p<br />{{IPA|/p/}}
|-
| style="width:5em;" |[[File:Latin capital letter ejective P.svg|9px]] [[File:Latin small letter ejective P.svg|7px]]<br />{{IPA|/pʼ/}}
| style="width:5em;" |Q q<br />{{IPA|/qʼ/}}
| style="width:5em;" |Ꝗ ꝗ<br />{{IPA|/d͡ʒ/}}
| style="width:5em;" |Ƣ ƣ<br />{{IPA|/ɣ/}}
| style="width:5em;" |R r<br />{{IPA|/r/}}
| style="width:5em;" |S s<br />{{IPA|/s/}}
| style="width:5em;" |Ş ş<br />{{IPA|/ʃ/}}
|[[File:Latin_capital_letter_caucasian_long_S.svg|10x10px]] [[File:Cyrillic_small_letter_long_Es.svg|10x10px]]<br />{{IPA|/ɕ/}}
|-
| style="width:5em;" |T t<br />{{IPA|/t/}}
| style="width:5em;" |Ț ț<br />{{IPA|/tʼ/}}
| style="width:5em;" |U u<br />{{IPA|/w/, [u]}}
| style="width:5em;" |V v<br />{{IPA|/v/}}
| style="width:5em;" |X x<br />{{IPA|/x/}}
| style="width:5em;" |[[File:Latin_capital_letter_X_with_two_high_hooks.svg|10x10px]] [[File:Latin_small_letter_X_with_two_high_hooks.svg|7x7px]]<br />{{IPA|/q/}}
| style="width:5em;" |X[[File:Latin_capital_letter_rounded_H_with_left_hook.svg|13x13px]] x[[File:Latin_small_letter_H_with_left_hook.svg|11x11px]] <br />{{IPA|/x/}}
| style="width:5em;" |[[File:Latin capital letter enlarged small Y.svg|13x13px]] y<br />{{IPA|/ʕ/}}
|-
| style="width:5em;" |Z z<br />{{IPA|/z/}}
| style="width:5em;" |Z̧ z̧<br />{{IPA|/d͡ʒʷ/}}
| style="width:5em;" |Ƶ ƶ<br />{{IPA|/ʒ/}}
| style="width:5em;" |Ʒ ʒ<br />{{IPA|/d͡z/}}
| style="width:5em;" |[[File:Latin_capital_letter_reversed_Ghe.svg|11x11px]] [[File:Latin_small_letter_reversed_Ghe_with_long_leg.svg|12x12px]]<br />{{IPA|/ʑ/}}
| style="width:5em;" |[[File:Latin_capital_letter_reversed_Ghe_with_stroke.svg|10x10px]] [[File:Latin_small_letter_reversed_Ghe_with_stroke.svg|11x11px]]<br />/tɕʼʷ/
| style="width:5em;" |[[File:Latin_capital_letter_reversed_Ghe_with_low_left_hook.svg|10x10px]] [[File:Latin_small_letter_reversed_Ghe_with_low_left_hook.svg|10x10px]]<br />/tɕʷ/
| style="width:5em;" |[[File:Latin_capital_letter_abkhasian_Che.svg|12x12px]] [[File:Latin_small_letter_abkhasian_Che.svg|10x10px]]<br />{{IPA|/t͡ʃ/}}
|-
| style="width:5em;" |[[File:Latin_capital_letter_abkhasian_Che_with_descender.svg|12x12px]] [[File:Latin_small_letter_abkhasian_Che_with_descender.svg|8x8px]]<br />{{IPA|/t͡ʃʼ/}}
| style="width:5em;" |Ь ь<br />{{IPA|[ə]}}
| style="width:5em;" |I ı<br />{{IPA|/ʲ/}}
|
|
|
|
|
|}

=== Cyrillic script (1938–present) ===
Since 1938, Abaza has been written with the version of the Cyrillic alphabet shown below.<ref name="eki">[https://eki.ee/knab/lat/kblabq.pdf Abaza (Place Names Database, Institute of the Estonian Language)]</ref><ref name="omniglot">[http://omniglot.com/writing/abaza.htm Abaza alphabet, pronunciation and language (Omniglot)]</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
| style="width:5em;" | [[A (Cyrillic)|А а]] <br/> {{IPA|[a]}}
| style="width:5em;" | [[Be (Cyrillic)|Б б]] <br/> {{IPA|/b/}}
| style="width:5em;" | [[Ve (Cyrillic)|В в]] <br/> {{IPA|/v/}}
| style="width:5em;" | [[Ge (Cyrillic)|Г г]] <br/> {{IPA|/ɡ/}}
| style="width:5em;" | [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#Г|Гв гв]] <br/> {{IPA|/ɡʷ/}}
| style="width:5em;" | [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#Г|Гъ гъ]] <br/> {{IPA|/ɣ/}}
| style="width:5em;" | [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#Г|Гъв гъв]] <br/> {{IPA|/ɣʷ/}}
| style="width:5em;" | [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#Г|Гъь гъь]] <br/> {{IPA|/ɣʲ/}}
|-
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#Г|Гь гь]] <br/> {{IPA|/ɡʲ/}}
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#Г|Гӏ гӏ]] <br/> {{IPA|/ʕ/}}
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#Г|Гӏв гӏв]] <br/> {{IPA|/ʕʷ/}}
| [[De (Cyrillic)|Д д]] <br/> {{IPA|/d/}}
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#Д|Дж дж]] <br/> {{IPA|/d͡ʒ/}}
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#Д|Джв джв]] <br/> {{IPA|/d͡ʒʷ/}}
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#Д|Джь джь]] <br/> {{IPA|/d͡ʑ/}}
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#Д|Дз дз]] <br/> {{IPA|/d͡z/}}
|-
| [[Ye (Cyrillic)|Е е]] <br/> {{IPA|[e]}}
| [[Yo (Cyrillic)|Ё ё]] <br/> {{IPA|[jo]}}
| [[Zhe (Cyrillic)|Ж ж]] <br/> {{IPA|/ʒ/}}
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#Ж|Жв жв]] <br/> {{IPA|/ʒʷ/}}
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#Ж|Жь жь]] <br/> {{IPA|/ʑ/}}
| [[Ze (Cyrillic)|З з]] <br/> {{IPA|/z/}}
| [[I (Cyrillic)|И и]]<br/>{{IPA|[i]}}
| [[Short I|Й й]] <br/> {{IPA|/j/}}
|-
| [[Ka (Cyrillic)|К к]]<br/>{{IPA|/k/}}
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#К|Кв кв]] <br/> {{IPA|/kʷ/}}
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#К|Къ къ]] <br/> {{IPA|/qʼ/}}
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#К|Къв къв]] <br/> {{IPA|/qʷʼ/}}
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#К|Къь къь]] <br/> {{IPA|/qʲʼ/}}
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#К|Кь кь]] <br/> {{IPA|/kʲ/}}
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#К|Кӏ кӏ]] <br/> {{IPA|/kʼ/}}
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#К|Кӏв кӏв]] <br/> {{IPA|/kʷʼ/}}
|-
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#К|Кӏь кӏь]] <br/> {{IPA|/kʲʼ/}}
| [[El (Cyrillic)|Л л]] <br/> {{IPA|/l/}}
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#Л|Ль ль]] <br/> {{IPA|/ɮ/}}
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#Л|Лӏ лӏ]] <br/> {{IPA|/ɬʼ/}}
| [[Em (Cyrillic)|М м]] <br/> {{IPA|/m/}}
| [[En (Cyrillic)|Н н]] <br/> {{IPA|/n/}}
| [[O (Cyrillic)|О о]] <br/> {{IPA|[o]}}
| [[Pe (Cyrillic)|П п]] <br/> {{IPA|/p/}}
|-
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#П|Пӏ пӏ]] <br/> {{IPA|/pʼ/}}
| [[Er (Cyrillic)|Р р]] <br/> {{IPA|/r/}}
| [[Es (Cyrillic)|С с]] <br/> {{IPA|/s/}}
| [[Te (Cyrillic)|Т т]] <br/> {{IPA|/t/}}
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#Т|Тл тл]] <br/> {{IPA|/ɬ/}}
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#Т|Тш тш]] <br/> {{IPA|/t͡ʃ/}}
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#Т|Тӏ тӏ]] <br/> {{IPA|/tʼ/}}
| [[U (Cyrillic)|У у]]
{{IPA|/w/, [u]}}
|-
| [[Ef (Cyrillic)|Ф ф]] <br/> {{IPA|/f/}}
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#Ф|Фӏ фӏ]] <br/> {{IPA|/fʼ/}}
| [[Kha (Cyrillic)|Х х]] <br/> {{IPA|/x/}}
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#Х|Хв хв]] <br/> {{IPA|/xʷ/}}
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#Х|Хъ хъ]] <br/> {{IPA|/q/}}
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#Х|Хъв хъв]] <br/> {{IPA|/qʷ/}}
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#Х|Хь хь]] <br/> {{IPA|/xʲ/}}
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#Х|Хӏ хӏ]] <br/> {{IPA|/ħ/}}
|-
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#Х|Хӏв хӏв]] <br/> {{IPA|/ħʷ/}}
| [[Tse (Cyrillic)|Ц ц]] <br/> {{IPA|/t͡s/}}
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#Ц|Цӏ цӏ]] <br/> {{IPA|/t͡sʼ/}}
| [[Che (Cyrillic)|Ч ч]] <br/> {{IPA|/t͡ɕ/}}
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#Ч|Чв чв]] <br/> {{IPA|/t͡ʃʷ/}}
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#Ч|Чӏ чӏ]] <br/> {{IPA|/t͡ɕʼ/}}
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#Ч|Чӏв чӏв]] <br/> {{IPA|/t͡ʃʷʼ/}}
| [[Sha (Cyrillic)|Ш ш]] <br/> {{IPA|/ʃ/}}
|-
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#Ш|Шв шв]] <br/> {{IPA|/ʃʷ/}}
| [[List of Cyrillic digraphs and trigraphs#Ш|Шӏ шӏ]] <br/> {{IPA|/t͡ʃʼ/}}
| [[Shcha|Щ щ]] <br/> {{IPA|/ɕ/}}
| [[Hard sign|Ъ ъ]] <br/> {{IPA|/ʔ/}}
| [[Yery|Ы ы]] <br/> {{IPA|[ə]}}
| [[E (Cyrillic)|Э э]] <br/> {{IPA|[e]}}
| [[Yu (Cyrillic)|Ю ю]] <br/> {{IPA|[ju]}}
| [[Ya (Cyrillic)|Я я]] <br/> {{IPA|[ja]}}
|}

The digraphs Лӏ and Фӏ are dialectal, and are therefore absent from the literary language and the official alphabet.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Сердюченко|first=Г. П.|title=Абазинский алфавит и орфография на русской графической основе|location=Ежово-Черкесск|publisher=Чернациздательство|year=1938|language=ru}}</ref>{{Cite web |title= Abaza (абаза бызшва)|url=https://www.omniglot.com/writing/abaza.htm|website=omniglot}}</ref>