Editing Abstinence pledge (section)

==Criticism==
The efficacy of [[virginity]] pledges has been extensively studied. Some studies suggest virginity pledges may delay [[Sexual intercourse|vaginal intercourse]], but are ineffective in reducing the incidence of [[sexually transmitted infection]]s because pledgers may replace vaginal sex with other kinds, such as [[oral sex]] and [[anal sex]].<ref name="webmdVPDCSR"/><ref name="pmid15780782"/> Other studies suggest no such substitution among pledgers, though pledgers may partake in vaginal or oral sex.<ref name="pmid19117832"/> Virginity pledges may also reduce the likelihood of [[contraceptive]] use once pledgers decide to engage in sex.<ref name="webmdVPDCSR"/> Though studies have reported this and found that pledgers are more likely to remain virgins by age 25 than those who do not pledge and that those who do become sexually active report fewer sexual partners,<ref name="webmdVPDCSR"/><ref name="pmid15780782"/> at least one study found no difference in the sexual behavior of pledgers and non-pledgers after controlling for pre-existing differences between the groups.<ref name="pmid19117832"/> According to a study published in 2014 from the [[University of Washington]], Evangelical men who made an abstinence pledge and got married would like more conversations about the place of sex in marriage in their churches. <ref> Molly McElroy, [https://www.washington.edu/news/2014/08/16/virginity-pledges-for-men-can-lead-to-sexual-confusion-even-after-the-wedding-day/ Virginity pledges for men can lead to sexual confusion — even after the wedding day], washington.edu, USA, October 9, 2015 </ref>