Editing Aladdin (section)

==Motifs and variants==
===Tale type===
The story of Aladdin is classified in the [[Aarne–Thompson–Uther Index]] as tale type ATU 561, "Aladdin", after the character.<ref>Aarne, Antti; Thompson, Stith. ''The types of the folktale: a classification and bibliography''. Folklore Fellows Communications FFC no. 184. Helsinki: Academia Scientiarum Fennica, 1961. p.&nbsp;204.</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Uther |first1=Hans-Jörg |author-link=Hans-Jörg Uther |title=The Types of International Folktales: A Classification and Bibliography, Based on the System of Antti Aarne and Stith Thompson |date=2004 |publisher=Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia, Academia Scientiarum Fennica |isbn=978-951-41-0963-8 |page=329}}</ref><ref>[[D. L. Ashliman|Ashliman, D. L.]] ''A Guide to Folktales in the English Language: Based on the Aarne-Thompson Classification System''. Bibliographies and Indexes in World Literature, vol. 11. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 1987. pp.&nbsp;122-123. {{ISBN|0-313-25961-5}}.</ref> In the Index, the "Aladdin" story is situated next to two similar tale types: ATU 560, ''The Magic Ring'', and ATU 562, ''The Spirit in the Blue Light''.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Ranke |first1=Kurt |author-link1=Kurt Ranke |title=Folktales of Germany |date=1966 |publisher=Routledge & K. Paul |isbn=978-81-304-0032-7 |page=214 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QUDaAAAAMAAJ&q=560 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Ranke |first=Kurt |chapter=Alad(d)in (AaTh 561) |trans-chapter=Aladdin (ATU 561) |title=[[Enzyklopädie des Märchens|Enzyklopädie des Märchens Online]] |editor1=Rolf Wilhelm Brednich |editor2=Heidrun Alzheimer |editor3=Hermann Bausinger |editor4=Wolfgang Brückner |editor5=Daniel Drascek |editor6=Helge Gerndt |editor7=Ines Köhler-Zülch |editor8=Klaus Roth |editor9=Hans-Jörg Uther |location=Berlin, Boston|publisher=De Gruyter |date=2016 |orig-year=1977 |pages=245–246 |language=DE |doi=10.1515/emo.1.059 |quote=AaTh 561 hat eine starke Affinität zu den benachbarten Märchentypen AaTh 560 (''Zauberring'') und AaTh 562 (''Geist im blauen Licht''). |trans-quote=[Type] AaTh 561 has a strong affinity with the neighbouring types AaTh 560 ("Magic Ring") and AaTh 562 ("Spirit in the Blue Light").}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Thompson |first=Stith |title=The Folktale |publisher=University of California Press| year=1977| pages=70–72| isbn=0-520-03537-2}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=van den Berg |first=Paula |chapter=De tondeldoos |title=Van Aladdin tot Zwaan kleef aan. Lexicon van sprookjes: ontstaan, ontwikkeling, variaties |edition=first |editor1=Ton Dekker |editor2=Jurjen van der Kooi |editor3=Theo Meder |location=Kritak |publisher=Sun |date=1997 |page=366 |language=NL |quote=De typen at 560 (‘The Magic Ring’), 561 (‘Aladdin en de wonderlamp’) en 562 zijn nauw aan elkaar verwant en worden vaak door elkaar gemengd. |trans-quote=Types 560, 561 and 562 are greatly connected and many times are contaminated.}}</ref> All of these stories deal with a down-on-his-luck and impoverished boy or soldier, who finds a magical item (ring, lamp, tinderbox) that grants his wishes. In this regard, German folklorist [[Hans-Jörg Uther]], in his revision of the international index, published in 2004, remarked that the similarities between the three tale types make it hard to differentiate them.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Uther |first1=Hans-Jörg |author-link=Hans-Jörg Uther |title=The Types of International Folktales: A Classification and Bibliography, Based on the System of Antti Aarne and Stith Thompson |date=2004 |publisher=Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia, Academia Scientiarum Fennica |isbn=978-951-41-0963-8 |pages=328, 330, 331 }}</ref> On the other hand, per [[Stith Thompson]]'s ''The Folktale'', in type 561, the magical item is stolen, but eventually recovered thanks to the use of another magical object.<ref>Thompson, Stith. ''The Folktale''. University of California Press. 1977. p. 71. {{ISBN|0-520-03537-2}}</ref> Similarly, Czech scholar {{ill|Karel Horálek|cs|Karel Horálek}} distinguishes the three types in that, in type 560, the hero is helped by animals (the snake gives the ring and the dog and the cat retrieve the stolen object); type 561 does away with the animals, leaving the hero to recover the stolen lamp with the second object, and, finally, type 562 inserts another person that helps the hero.<ref>{{cite book |last=Horálek |first=K. |chapter=Folk Poetry: History And Typology |editor=Arthur S. Abramson |title=Linguistics and Adjacent Arts and Sciences: Part 2 |pages=741–808 [778] |location=Berlin, Boston |publisher=De Gruyter Mouton |date=1974 |doi=10.1515/9783110821659-004 |isbn=978-3-11-082165-9 |quote=In the fairy tale about the magic ring [AT 560 ''The magic ring''] it is necessary for the hero to win the gratitude not only of the donor of the talisman (this is generally a serpent), but also of a dog and a cat (not of other animals) because these two animals are allotted a special task at the end of the fairy tale, i.e. to help the hero to recover the stolen talisman. (...) In the fairy tale about Aladdin [AT 561 ''Aladdin's lamp''] the situation is substantially different: the task of the dog and the cat would be superfluous here because besides the magic lamp the hero is in possession of another talisman with the help of which he recovers the lamp and also conjures up palace and princess. In type AT 562 [''The spirit in the  blue light''], which is derived from the Aladdin fairy tale, the motif of the second talisman is missing, while the task of the helper is performed here by the hero's friend.}}</ref> The ultimate source{{cn|date=February 2025}} of the ''genie in a container'' tales is Homer's [[Iliad]], where the god Ares is trapped in a bronze urn and offers to grant [[Hermes]] whatever he wants if he is set free.<ref>''Iliad'' 5.385–391.</ref>{{Original research inline|date=February 2025}}

===Distribution===
Since its appearance in ''The One Thousand and One Nights'', the tale has integrated into oral tradition.<ref>{{cite book |last=Ranke |first=Kurt |chapter=Alad(d)in (AaTh 561) |trans-chapter=Aladdin (ATU 561) |title=[[Enzyklopädie des Märchens|Enzyklopädie des Märchens Online]] |editor1=Rolf Wilhelm Brednich |editor2=Heidrun Alzheimer |editor3=Hermann Bausinger |editor4=Wolfgang Brückner |editor5=Daniel Drascek |editor6=Helge Gerndt |editor7=Ines Köhler-Zülch |editor8=Klaus Roth |editor9=Hans-Jörg Uther |location=Berlin, Boston|publisher=De Gruyter |date=2016 |orig-year=1977 |pages=243–244 |language=DE |doi=10.1515/emo.1.059}}</ref> Scholars Ton Deker and Theo Meder located variants across Europe and the Middle East.<ref>Deker, Ton; Meder, Theo. "Aladdin en de wonderlamp". In: ''Van Aladdin tot Zwaan kleef aan. Lexicon van sprookjes: ontstaan, ontwikkeling, variaties''. 1ste druk. Ton Dekker & Jurjen van der Kooi & Theo Meder. Kritak: Sun. 1997. p. 40.</ref> In addition, according to scholar [[Kurt Ranke]], in ''[[Enzyklopädie des Märchens]]'', the "greatest distribution density" occurs in Europe and in the Mediterranean region, with variants also collected in the Middle East (Turkey, Palestine, Iraq, Yemen, Iran), Central Asia (in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan), India (among the [[Santal people]]),<ref>{{cite book |last=Campbell |first=A. |chapter=The Magic Lamp |title=Santal Folk-Tales |location=Pokhuria, India |publisher=Santal Mission Press |date=1891 |pages=1–5}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Brown |first1=W. Norman |title=The Pañcatantra in Modern Indian Folklore |journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society |date=1919 |volume=39 |pages=1–54 |doi=10.2307/592712 |jstor=592712 }}</ref> and in Southeast Asia (Indonesia and the Philippines).<ref>{{cite book |last=Ranke |first=Kurt |chapter=Alad(d)in (AaTh 561) |trans-chapter=Aladdin (ATU 561) |title=[[Enzyklopädie des Märchens|Enzyklopädie des Märchens Online]] |editor1=Rolf Wilhelm Brednich |editor2=Heidrun Alzheimer |editor3=Hermann Bausinger |editor4=Wolfgang Brückner |editor5=Daniel Drascek |editor6=Helge Gerndt |editor7=Ines Köhler-Zülch |editor8=Klaus Roth |editor9=Hans-Jörg Uther |location=Berlin, Boston|publisher=De Gruyter |date=2016 |orig-year=1977 |page=243 |language=DE |doi=10.1515/emo.1.059}}</ref>

=== Three wishes ===
The version with [[Three wishes joke|three wishes]] has become a popular variant of the tale, popularized in the 20th century in the West.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Stephens |first=John |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jsEhAwAAQBAJ |title=The Cambridge Companion to Children's Literature |date=2009-12-10 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1-139-82804-8 |editor-last=M. O. Grenby |editor-first=M. O. Grenby |pages=91–107 |language=en |chapter=Retelling stories across time and cultures |editor-last2=Immel |editor-first2=Andrea}}</ref>