Editing All caps (section)

===Computing===
{{See also|Caps lock}}
{{more citations needed section|date=May 2015}}
All caps typography was common on teletype machines, such as those used by police departments, news, and the United States' then-called [[National Weather Service|Weather Bureau]], as well as early computers, such as certain early [[Apple II]] models and the [[ZX81]], which had a limited support for lower-case text. This changed as full support of [[ASCII]] became standard, allowing lower-case characters.

Some [[Soviet computers]], such as [[Radio-86RK]], [[Vector-06C]], [[Agat-7]], use 7-bit [[character encoding]] called [[KOI-7N2]], where capital Russian letters replace lower-case Latin letters in the [[ASCII table]], so can display both alphabets, but all caps only. [[Mikrosha]] is switchable to KOI-7N1, in this mode, it can display both caps and lower-case, but in Russian only. Other Soviet computers, such as [[BK0010]], [[MK 85]], [[Corvette (computer)|Corvette]] and [[Agat-9]], use 8-bit encoding called [[KOI-8]], they can display both Russian and Latin letters in caps and lower-case.{{citation needed|date=February 2024}}

Many, but not all, [[NES]] games use all caps because of tile graphics, where charset and tiles share the same ROM. Game designers often choose to have less characters in favor of more tiles.{{citation needed|date=February 2024}}

{{anchor|shouting}}
With the advent of the [[bulletin board system]], or BBS, and later the Internet, typing messages in all caps commonly became closely identified with "shouting" or [[Attention seeking|attention-seeking]] behavior, and may be considered rude. Its equivalence to shouting traces back to at least 1984 and before the Internet, back to printed typography usage of all capitals to mean shouting.<ref>{{cite news|last=Robb|first=Alice|title=How Capital Letters Became Internet Code for Yelling|url=https://newrepublic.com/article/117390/netiquette-capitalization-how-caps-became-code-yelling|access-date=18 April 2014|newspaper=[[The New Republic]]|date=17 April 2014}}</ref>

For this reason, [[Etiquette in technology|etiquette]] generally discourages the use of all caps when posting messages online. While all caps can be used as an alternative to rich-text "bolding" for a single word or phrase, to express emphasis, repeated use of all caps can be considered "shouting" or irritating.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cnet.com/news/woman-fired-for-e-mails-in-all-caps/|title=Woman fired for e-mails in all caps|last=Matyszczyk|first=Chris|date=2009-09-01|work=CNET|access-date=2018-04-17|language=en}}</ref>

Some aspects of Microsoft's [[Metro (design language)|Metro design language]] involve the use of all caps headings and titles. This has received particular attention when [[Menu (computing)|menu]] and [[Ribbon (computing)|ribbon]] titles appeared in all caps in [[Microsoft Visual Studio|Visual Studio 2012]] and [[Microsoft Office 2013|Office 2013]], respectively. Critics have compared this to a computer program shouting at its user. Information technology journalist Lee Hutchinson described Microsoft's using the practice as "LITERALLY TERRIBLE&nbsp;... [it] doesn't so much violate OS X's design conventions as it does take them out behind the shed, pour gasoline on them, and set them on fire."<ref>{{cite web|last1=Hutchinson|first1=Lee|title=The software design trends that we love to hate|url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2014/07/the-software-design-trends-that-we-love-to-hate/|website=Ars Technica|date=12 July 2014|publisher=Conde Nast|access-date=29 July 2015}}</ref>

In programming, writing in all caps (possibly with [[underscore]]s replacing [[space (punctuation)|spaces]]) is an identifier [[Naming convention (programming)|naming convention]] in many [[programming language]]s that symbolizes that the given identifier represents a [[Constant (computer programming)|constant]].