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Andrew Lang
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=== Psychical research === Lang was one of the founders of "[[Parapsychology|psychical research]]" and his other writings on [[anthropology]] include ''The Book of Dreams and Ghosts'' (1897), ''Magic and Religion'' (1901) and ''The Secret of the Totem'' (1905).<ref name="EB1911"/> He served as president of the [[Society for Psychical Research]] in 1911.<ref>[[Ivor Grattan-Guinness|Grattan-Guinness, Ivor]]. (1982). ''Psychical Research: A Guide to Its History, Principles and Practices: In Celebration of 100 Years of the Society for Psychical Research''. Aquarian Press. p. 123. {{ISBN|0-85030-316-8}}</ref> Lang extensively cited nineteenth- and twentieth-century European [[Spiritualism (movement)|spiritualism]] to challenge the idea of his teacher, Tylor, that belief in spirits and [[animism]] were inherently irrational. Lang used Tylor's work and his own psychical research in an effort to posit an anthropological critique of [[materialism]].<ref>{{Cite book | last = Josephson-Storm | first = Jason | title = The Myth of Disenchantment: Magic, Modernity, and the Birth of the Human Sciences | location = Chicago | publisher = University of Chicago Press | date = 2017 |page = 101 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=xZ5yDgAAQBAJ | isbn = 978-0-226-40336-6 }}</ref> Andrew Lang fiercely debated with his Folklore Society colleague Edward Clodd over 'Psycho-folklore,' a strand of the discipline which aimed to connect folklore with psychical research.<ref>Bihet, Francesca (2019) Late-Victorian Folklore Studies and Fairy-Lore. In: Betwixt and Between, 18β19 May 2019, Museum of Witchcraft and Magic, Boscastle. http://eprints.chi.ac.uk/4685/</ref>
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