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Anti-Comintern Pact
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==== Anglo-German Naval Agreement ==== {{Main|Anglo-German Naval Agreement}} On 18 June 1935, the United Kingdom and Germany signed the [[Anglo-German Naval Agreement]], which came as a surprise to the Japanese.<ref name="Boyd-1977">{{Cite journal |last=Boyd |first=Carl |date=1977 |title=The Role of Hiroshi Ōshima in the Preparation of the Anti-Comintern Pact |journal=Journal of Asian History |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=49–71 |jstor=41930226}}</ref>{{Rp|53}} This marked the beginning of a series of attempts by [[Adolf Hitler]] to improve relations between the two countries. In Hitler's mind, a positive relationship towards the United Kingdom would weaken Britain's allies France and Italy (at that point still a German rival) and contain the Soviet Union.<ref name="Shirer-1960">{{Cite book |last=Shirer |first=William L. |title=The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich: A History of Nazi Germany |publisher=Simon and Schuster, Inc. |year=1960 |edition=1st |location=New York |lccn=60-6729 |author-link=William L. Shirer}}</ref>{{Rp|289}} Hitler would later also send Ribbentrop to London with the specific task of securing British membership in the Anti-Comintern Pact during his 1936–1938 tenure as [[German Ambassador to the United Kingdom|German ambassador to the United Kingdom]], declaring British accession into the pact as his 'greatest wish'.<ref name="Michalka-1980">{{Cite book |last=Michalka |first=Wolfgang |url=https://digi20.digitale-sammlungen.de/de/fs1/object/display/bsb00046007_00001.html |title=Ribbentrop und die deutsche Weltpolitik |publisher=Wilhelm Fink Verlag |year=1980 |isbn=3770514009 |location=Munich |language=de}}</ref>{{Rp|154–155}}<ref name="Steiner-2011">{{Cite book |last=Steiner |first=Zara |title=The Triumph of the Dark: European International History 1933–1939 |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2011 |isbn=9780199212002}}</ref>{{Rp|262–263}} In Japan, the treaty was viewed with suspicion. Mushanokōji on 4 July 1935 in an embassy meeting{{Efn-la|Attendees of the embassy meeting: Kintomo Mushanokōji, Hiroshi Ōshima, Kojiro Inoue, Dr. Hiroo Furuuchi, Tadao Yokoi.|name=|group=}} stated his opinion that it would be unwise for Japan to rush into an alliance with Germany, as he (correctly) interpreted the Anglo-German Naval Agreement as a German attempt to ally the UK. The United States and Britain had been hostile towards Japan ever since the [[Mukden Incident]] of 1931, and Mushanokōji feared that Japan might isolate itself if Germany ended up choosing a partnership with Britain over a partnership with Japan.<ref name="Boyd-1977" />{{Rp|53}}
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