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Atlantic goliath grouper
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==Reproduction== The Atlantic goliath grouper has a longevity of 37 years and reaches first maturity after 6 years, which leads to an estimated generation length of 21.5 years.<ref name="IUCN"/> The species has been hypothesized to be protogynous [[hermaphrodite]]s, but this has yet to be confirmed.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Koenig|first1=Christopher C.|last2=Coleman|first2=Felicia C.|last3=Malinowski|first3=Christopher R.|date=2019-10-04|title=Atlantic Goliath Grouper of Florida: To Fish or Not to Fish|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fsh.10349|journal=Fisheries|volume=45|issue=1|pages=20β32|doi=10.1002/fsh.10349 |s2cid=202017187 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Males become sexually mature at around {{convert|115|cm|in|sp=us}} in length, and at ages 4β6. Females mature at around {{convert|125|cm|in|sp=us}}, and at ages 6β8.<ref>Bullock et al. (1992). [http://fishbull.noaa.gov/902/bullock.pdf Age, Growth, and Reproduction of Jewfish ''Epinephelus itajara'' in the Eastern Gulf of Mexico]. U.S. Fishery Bulletin 90 (2):243-249. Retrieved August 21, 2014.</ref> The species has relatively small [[Spawn (biology)|spawning]] aggregations of less than 150 individuals with no evidence of spawning outside of these aggregations.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|last=Sadovy Y.|first=Eklund A.M.|date=1999|title=Synopsis of biological data on the Nassau grouper, ''Epinephelus striatus'' (Bloch, 1792) and the Jewfish, ''E. itajara'' (Lichtenstein, 1822) |series=NOAA Technical Report NMFS 146, and FAO Fisheries Synopsis 157 }}</ref>
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