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Balancing selection
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=== Fitness varies in time and space === The fitness of a genotype may vary greatly between larval and adult stages, or between parts of a habitat range.<ref>Ford E.B. 1965. ''Genetic polymorphism'', p26, Heterozygous advantage. MIT Press 1965.</ref> Variation over time, unlike variation over space, is not in itself enough to maintain multiple types, because in general the type with the highest [[geometric mean]] fitness will take over, but there are a number of mechanisms that make stable coexistence possible.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bertram |first1=Jason |last2=Masel |first2=Joanna |title=Different mechanisms drive the maintenance of polymorphism at loci subject to strong versus weak fluctuating selection |journal=Evolution |date=20 March 2019 |volume=73 |issue=5 |pages=883β896 |doi=10.1111/evo.13719|pmid=30883731 |hdl=10150/632441 |s2cid=83461372 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>
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