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Beta blocker
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=== Hypertension === Beta blockers are widely used for the treatment of hypertension.<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Iqbal AH, Jamal SF | chapter = Essential Hypertension |date=2023 | chapter-url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539859/ | title = StatPearls |access-date=2023-10-31 |place=Treasure Island (FL) |publisher=StatPearls Publishing |pmid=30969681 }}</ref> A 2014 Cochrane review found that in individuals with mild-to-moderate hypertension, non-selective beta blockers led to a reduction of -10/-7mmHg (systolic/diastolic) without increased rates of adverse events.<ref name="Wong_2014">{{cite journal | vauthors = Wong GW, Wright JM | title = Blood pressure lowering efficacy of nonselective beta-blockers for primary hypertension | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | volume = 2014 | issue = 2 | pages = CD007452 | date = February 2014 | pmid = 24585007 | pmc = 10603273 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD007452.pub2 | collaboration = Cochrane Hypertension Group }}</ref> At higher doses, it was found to increase the rate of adverse effects such as a reduction in heart rate, without a corresponding reduction in blood pressure.<ref name="Wong_2014" /> A 2017 Cochrane review on the use of beta blockers in hypertension found a modest reduction in cardiovascular disease but little to no change in mortality<ref name="Wiysonge_2017">{{cite journal | vauthors = Wiysonge CS, Bradley HA, Volmink J, Mayosi BM, Opie LH | title = Beta-blockers for hypertension | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | volume = 1 | issue = 1 | pages = CD002003 | date = January 2017 | pmid = 28107561 | pmc = 5369873 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD002003.pub5 | collaboration = Cochrane Hypertension Group }}.</ref> It suggested that the effects of beta blockers are inferior to other anti-hypertensive medications.<ref name="Wiysonge_2017" />
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