Editing C. S. Lewis (section)

===First World War and Oxford University===
[[File:Undergraduates of University College, Trinity Term 1917.jpg|thumb|260px|The undergraduates of University College, [[Trinity term]] 1917. C. S. Lewis standing on the right-hand side of the back row.]]
Lewis entered Oxford in the 1917 summer term, studying at [[University College, Oxford|University College]], and shortly after, he joined the [[Officers' Training Corps]] at the university as his "most promising route into the army".<ref name="Joy">{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/surprisedbyjoysh00lewi/page/186 |title=Surprised by Joy: The Shape of My Early Life |last=Lewis |first=C. S. |date=1955 |publisher=Harvest Books |isbn=978-0-15-687011-5 |location=Orlando, FL |pages=[https://archive.org/details/surprisedbyjoysh00lewi/page/186 186–88]}}</ref> From there, he was drafted into a Cadet Battalion for training.<ref name=Joy /><ref name=Sayer /> After his training, he was [[commissioned officer|commissioned]] into the 3rd Battalion of the [[Somerset Light Infantry]] of the [[British Army]] as a [[Second Lieutenant]], and was later transferred to the 1st Battalion of the regiment, then serving in France (he would not remain with the 3rd Battalion as it moved to Northern Ireland). Within months of entering Oxford, he was shipped by the British Army to France to fight in the [[First World War]].<ref name="Lewis" />

On his 19th birthday (29 November 1917), Lewis arrived at the front line in the [[River Somme|Somme]] Valley in France, where he experienced [[trench warfare]] for the first time.<ref name=Joy /><ref name="Sayer">{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/jacklifeofcslewi0000saye/page/122 |title=Jack: A Life of C. S. Lewis |last=Sayer |first=George |date=1994 |publisher=Crossway Books |isbn=978-0-89107-761-9 |edition=2nd |location=Wheaton, IL |pages=[https://archive.org/details/jacklifeofcslewi0000saye/page/122 122–130]}}</ref><ref name="secret" /> On 15 April 1918, as 1st Battalion, Somerset Light Infantry assaulted the village of Riez du Vinage in the midst of the German spring offensive, Lewis was wounded and two of his colleagues were killed by a [[Friendly fire|British]] [[Shell (projectile)|shell]] falling short of its target.<ref name="secret">{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/secretcountryofc00anne |title=The Secret Country of C. S. Lewis |last=Arnott |first=Anne |publisher=Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co. |year=1975 |page=73 |isbn=978-0802834683}}</ref> He was depressed and homesick during his convalescence and, upon his recovery in October, he was assigned to duty in [[Andover, Hampshire|Andover]], England. He was [[demobilized]] in December 1918 and soon restarted his studies.<ref name="Edwards2007One">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8OskozFVBMYC&pg=PA134 |title=C.S. Lewis: An examined life |first=Bruce L. |last=Edwards |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-275-99117-3 |pages=134–135 |access-date=9 December 2018 |archive-date=7 March 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170307131821/https://books.google.com/books?id=8OskozFVBMYC |url-status=live |ref=none}}</ref> In a later letter, Lewis stated that his experience of the horrors of war, along with the loss of his mother and unhappiness in school, were the basis of his pessimism and atheism.<ref>{{Cite book |title=C.S. Lewis and Human Suffering: Light Among the Shadows |last=Conn |first=Marie |publisher=HiddenSpring |year=2008 |isbn=9781587680441 |location=Mahwah, NJ |page=21}}</ref>

After Lewis returned to Oxford University, he received a [[British undergraduate degree classification|First]] in [[Honour Moderations]] (Greek and [[Latin literature]]) in 1920, a First in [[Literae Humaniores|Greats]] (Philosophy and Ancient History) in 1922, and a [[British undergraduate degree classification|First]] in [[English studies|English]] in 1923. In 1924 he became a Philosophy tutor at [[University College, Oxford|University College]] and, in 1925, was elected a [[Fellow]] and Tutor in English Literature at [[Magdalen College, Oxford|Magdalen College]], where he served for 29 years until 1954.<ref name="Edwards2007Two">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8OskozFVBMYC&pg=PA197 |title=C.S. Lewis: An examined life |first=Bruce L. |last=Edwards |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-275-99117-3 |pages=150–151, 197–199 |access-date=9 December 2018 |archive-date=7 March 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170307131821/https://books.google.com/books?id=8OskozFVBMYC |url-status=live |ref=none }}</ref>