Editing CR gas (section)

==Use==
===Egypt===
During the [[2011 Egyptian revolution#November 2011 protests|2011 protests against the military government in Egypt]], Egyptian security forces allegedly used CR gas in addition to the more commonly used, less debilitating CS gas. One protester described the gas as making him feel "as if your eyes are about to fall out; then you have trouble breathing, and you lose your sight". Egyptians used yeast as a treatment for CR side effects on skin. [[Mohammed ElBaradei]] also confirmed via Twitter that "tear gas with [a] [[nerve agent]]" is being used in [[Tahrir Square]].<ref name="NRKmassakre">{{cite web | url=http://www.nrk.no/nyheter/verden/1.7887074 | title=Beskylder egyptiske styrker for massakre | publisher=NRK.no | access-date=November 22, 2011 | language=no}}</ref>

The only gas that has been identified by human rights organizations in protests "is CS tear gas, typically used by police forces to disperse crowds," stated Egyptian journalist Farida Helmy.<ref>Farida Helmy, "Chemical Combat", Egypt Today Magazine, January 2012 issue</ref> Egyptian use of CR gas has not been corroborated according to [[Human Rights Watch]].

===France===
People occupying an area in Notre-Dame-des-Landes against an airport project suspect the use of CR gas by French Police and Army in April 2018.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://reporterre.net/Zad-de-Notre-Dame-des-Landes-ce-lundi-les-gendarmes-ont-demoli-la-charpente-du|title=Zad de Notre-Dame-des-Landes : ce lundi, les gendarmes ont démoli la charpente du Gourbi|work=Reporterre, le quotidien de l 'écologie|access-date=2018-04-16|language=fr}}</ref>

===Northern Ireland===
It started being available in police and army supplies, as a water cannon additive and as spray cans, in 1973 and was at least still so in 1981.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

Republican groups in Northern Ireland have alleged that British Army and Royal Ulster Constabulary units used CR gas against Republican prisoners in the 1970s.<ref>[http://inac.org/action/alert/134 inac.org]  {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516084054/http://inac.org/action/alert/134 |date=May 16, 2008 }}</ref> Additionally, there are British military documents now declassified and in the public domain held in the records of the UK Ministry of Defence at the National Archives, London, that suggest that the British Army did deploy and use CR gas in Northern Ireland.
<ref>[http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/SearchUI/Details?uri=C11361813  TNA DEFE 13/1379 &nbsp;&nbsp;''"Northern Ireland: use of tear gases; use of CR gas for riot control in Northern Ireland, especially at HM Prison Maze; use of SPAD (Self Protection Aid Device) as a means of &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;delivery. 1973."&nbsp;&nbsp;'']</ref>
<ref>[http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/SearchUI/Details?uri=C11067460  TNA DEFE 24/967&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;''"Northern Ireland: dibenzoxazepine (CR) gas; chemical agent for use in riot control. 1974-77."&nbsp;&nbsp;'']</ref>
<ref>[http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/SearchUI/Details?uri=C11206709  TNA DEFE 24/1090&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;''"Northern Ireland: use of CS and CR gas in countering riots. 1969-77."&nbsp;&nbsp;'']</ref>
<ref>[http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/SearchUI/Details?uri=C11206686  TNA DEFE 24/1203&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;''"Northern Ireland: terrorism; Operation PAGODA; use of CR gas (dibenzoxazepine). 1973-77."&nbsp;&nbsp;''] This document is still classified, although a record of it is listed in the National &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Archives (TNA) catalogue.</ref>
<ref>[http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/SearchUI/Details?uri=C11431904  TNA DEFE 24/1903&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;''"Development of CR gas: introduction of Self Protection Aid Devices (SPAD) in Northern Ireland; includes arguments for and against their use. 1971-73."&nbsp;&nbsp;'']</ref>

===Philippines===
CR tear gas was used in suppression of the mutiny in Makati that was led by [[Antonio Trillanes|Sen. Antonio Trillanes]]. The tear gas was fired in the building and all the people in the building including reporters were affected.{{Citation needed|date=June 2013}}

===South Africa===
In the late 1980s, CR was used in the townships in [[South Africa]]. It caused some fatalities, in particular among children.<ref>{{cite journal| vauthors= Olajos EJ, Salem H |title=Riot Control Agents: Pharmacology, Toxicology, Biochemistry and Chemistry|journal=J Appl Toxicol |year=2001|pages=355–391| volume= 21| doi= 10.1002/jat.767| pmid= 11746179| issue= 5|s2cid=23368555|url=https://zenodo.org/record/1229208}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ainfos.ca/04/oct/ainfos00066.html |title=Ireland, Organise! Press Release -Less Lethal Weapons Action Belfast |publisher=A-Infos |access-date=November 22, 2011}}</ref>

===Sri Lanka===
The Tamil Tigers of Sri Lanka, an insurgent group in Sri Lanka used CR gas against government forces that were on an offensive to flush and defeat these insurgents during September 2008. Its use hindered the army's progress but ultimately proved ineffective in preventing the army from overrunning their positions.
This is one of the first few cases of insurgents using CR gas as an [[Insurgency weapons and tactics|insurgent weapon]].{{Citation needed|date=June 2013}}

===Turkey===
In the [[2013 protests in Turkey|June 2013 protest]] against the Turkish government, Turkish police allegedly used CR gas on protesters in Istanbul. Doctors in a makeshift first aid post in a Mosque judged it as such.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.jewishpress.com/news/erdogans-police-may-be-using-chemical-cr-gas-on-protesters-video/2013/06/06/ | title=Erdogan's Police May Be Using Chemical CR Gas on Protesters | publisher=The Jewish Press | access-date=2013-09-02 | date=2013-06-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9b-_bzpd2Bs|title=Dolmabahçe Camii 03.06.2013 00:20|last=ahmet hasan|date=3 June 2013|via=YouTube}}</ref>

===Ukraine===
In Ukraine, CR gas was commonly used by special forces against demonstrators. Gas is packed in a form of spray cans "Cobra 1". For example, gas had been used on a demonstration dedicated to the Ukraine Independence Day (24 August 2011).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tyzhden.ua/News/29429|title=Керівництву МВС показали, якими "засобами гігієни" воно озброює "Беркут" - Новини - Український тиждень, Тиждень.ua|date=26 August 2011 }}</ref> Also gas usage has been documented during demonstrations against Language Law Draft in Kyiv on 3 and 4 July 2012.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2012/07/4/6967998/|title="Беркут" відступив від Українського дому}}</ref>