Editing Child–Pugh score (section)

==History==
The surgeon and portal hypertension expert Charles Gardner Child (1908–1991) (with Turcotte) of the [[University of Michigan]] first proposed the scoring system in 1964 in a textbook on liver disease.<ref>{{cite book |vauthors=Child CG, Turcotte JG | chapter=Surgery and portal hypertension | title=The liver and portal hypertension | editor=Child CG | location=Philadelphia | publisher=Saunders | year=1964 | pages=50–64}}</ref> It was modified by Pugh et al. in 1972 in a report on surgical treatment of bleeding from [[esophageal varices]].<ref>{{cite journal |author=Pugh RN, Murray-Lyon IM, Dawson JL, Pietroni MC, [[Roger Williams (hepatologist)|Williams R]] |title=Transection of the oesophagus for bleeding oesophageal varices |journal=The British Journal of Surgery |volume=60 |issue=8 |pages=646–9 |year=1973 |pmid=4541913|doi=10.1002/bjs.1800600817|s2cid=382636 }}</ref> They replaced Child's criterion of nutritional status with the [[prothrombin time]] or INR, and assigned scores of 1–3 to each variable.<ref name=Cholongitas/>