Editing Christological argument (section)

===Argument from the resurrection===
Another argument is that the [[resurrection of Jesus]] occurred and was an act of God, hence God must exist. Some versions of this argument have been presented, such as [[N. T. Wright]]'s argument from the nature of the claim of resurrection to its occurrence and the "minimal facts argument", defended by scholars such as [[Gary Habermas]] and [[Mike Licona]], which defend that God raising Jesus from the dead is "the best explanation for a set of claimed historical facts about Jesus and his disciples".<ref name="auto"/>

[[William Lane Craig]], another advocate of this last argument, includes in the list of facts: 
# After his crucifixion, Jesus was buried in a tomb by [[Joseph of Arimathea]]
# On the Sunday following the crucifixion, Jesus’ tomb was found empty by a group of his women followers 
# On multiple occasions and under various circumstances, different individuals and groups of people experienced appearances of Jesus alive from the dead 
# The original disciples believed that Jesus was risen from the dead despite their having every predisposition to the contrary.

In light of these, he goes on to say the best explanation is that God raised Jesus from the dead.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Craig |first=William |title=The Resurrection of Jesus |url=https://www.reasonablefaith.org/writings/popular-writings/jesus-of-nazareth/the-resurrection-of-jesus |access-date=2025-02-23 |website=Reasonable Faith |language=en}}</ref>

Such arguments have had many responses which depends on the version in question. The "minimal facts argument", for instance, have been criticized both regarding the actual veracity of the claimed historical facts as well as the inference to the best explanation being that God rose Jesus from the dead. In the second case, people such as [[Gerd Lüdemann]] justify their rejection based on philosophical reasons while others, such as [[Bart D. Ehrman]], do by more methodological reasons. Regarding the claimed facts, Ehrman and others defend that the sources used in their defense (normally the Gospels) are not trustworthy and so the facts cannot be credibly established.

This is the major position in Islam, which rejects that Jesus ever was crucified. Islamic texts categorically deny the crucifixion and death of Jesus at the hands of the Jews. The Qur'an states that the Jews sought to kill Jesus, but they did not kill or crucify him, although a likeness of it was shown to them. Traditionalists believe that Jesus was not crucified but instead was raised [[entering heaven alive|alive into heaven]]. This raising is understood by them to mean bodily ascension, while some Qur'anic scholars, such as [[Muhammad Asad]], while cross referencing the text consider it to mean being raised in honour:<ref name="EoQ-cross">Neal Robinson, Crucifixion, Encyclopedia of the Qur'an</ref> 
{{bq|and for boasting, "We killed the Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary, the messenger of Allah." But they neither killed nor crucified him—it was only made to appear so. Even those who argue for this ˹crucifixion˺ are in doubt. They have no knowledge whatsoever—only making assumptions. They certainly did not kill him. Rather, Allah raised him up to Himself. And Allah is Almighty, All-Wise.|{{qref|4|157-158|c=y}}}}

According to some Muslim traditions, Jesus was replaced by a double; others suggest it was [[Simon of Cyrene]], or one of the disciples such as [[Judas Iscariot]]. Some others view it as Jesus surviving the crucifixion. A minority of commentaries of [[Ismaili]] or rationalist (''falāsifa'') leaning affirmed the crucifixion by arguing that Jesus' body had been crucified, but his spirit had ascended. However, this interpretation was generally rejected, and according to the ''Encyclopedia of Islam'', there was unanimous agreement among the scholars in denying the crucifixion.<ref>The Encyclopedia of Islam further elaborates: "The denial, furthermore, is in perfect agreement with the logic of the Qur’an. The Biblical Prophets alluded to in it (e.g., Job, Moses, Joseph etc.) and the episodes relating to the history of the beginning of Islam demonstrate that it is “God's practice” ([[sunnat Allah]] ) to make faith triumph finally over the forces of evil and adversity. “So truly with hardship comes ease”, (XCIV, 5, 6). For Jesus to die on the cross would have meant the triumph of his executioners; but the Quran asserts that they undoubtedly failed: “Assuredly God will defend those who believe”; (XXII, 49). He confounds the plots of the enemies of Christ (III, 54)." (cf. `Isa, ''Encyclopedia of Islam'')</ref>