Editing Colonialism (section)

== Socio-cultural evolution ==
{{Further|Coloniality of power}}
When colonists settled in pre-populated areas, the societies and cultures of the people in those areas permanently changed. Colonial practices directly and indirectly forced the colonized peoples to abandon their traditional cultures. For example, European colonizers in the United States implemented the [[American Indian boarding schools|residential schools]] program to force native children to assimilate into the hegemonic culture.

[[Cultural colonialism]] gave rise to culturally and ethnically mixed populations such as the [[mestizo]]s of the Americas, as well as racially divided populations such as those found in [[French Algeria]] or in [[Southern Rhodesia]]. In fact, everywhere where colonial powers established a consistent and continued presence, hybrid communities existed.

Notable examples in Asia include the [[Anglo-Burmese people|Anglo-Burmese]], [[Anglo-Indian]], [[Burgher people|Burgher]], [[Eurasian Singaporean]], [[Filipino mestizo]], [[Kristang people|Kristang]], and [[Macanese people]]s. In the [[Dutch East Indies]] (later [[Indonesia]]) the vast majority of "Dutch" settlers were in fact Eurasians known as [[Indo people|Indo-Europeans]], formally belonging to the European legal class in the colony.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=47wCTCJX9X4C&pg=PA223 |title=Being "Dutch" in the Indies: A History of Creolisation and Empire, 1500–1920 |last1=Bosma |first1=U. |last2=Raben |first2=R. |date=2008 |publisher=NUS Press |isbn=978-9971-69-373-2 |location=Singapore |page=223}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nN6G-lMk_DEC&pg=PA163 |title=Dutch Culture Overseas: Colonial Practice in the Netherlands Indies 1900–1942 |last=Gouda |first=Frances |date=2008 |publisher=Equinox |isbn=978-979-3780-62-7 |page=163 |chapter=Gender, Race, and Sexuality}}</ref>
[[File:American Progress (John Gast painting).jpg|thumb|upright=1.35|''[[American Progress]]'' (1872) by [[John Gast (painter)|John Gast]] is an allegorical representation of the idea of [[manifest destiny]]. [[Columbia (personification)|Columbia]], a personification of the United States, leads settler civilization westward, bringing light, stringing [[telegraph]] wire, holding a book,<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mountjoy |first=Shane |title=Manifest Destiny: Westward Expansion |date=2009 |publisher=Infobase Publishing |page=19|isbn=9781438119830 }}</ref> and highlighting different stages of economic activity and evolving forms of transportation,<ref>{{Cite web |title=John Gast, American Progress, 1872 |url=https://picturinghistory.gc.cuny.edu/john-gast-american-progress-1872/ |publisher=Picturing U.S. History }}</ref> while on the left, displacing [[Native Americans in the United States]] from their homeland]]