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Commensalism
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===''Aspergillus'' and ''Staphylococcus''=== {{See also|Aspergillus|Staphylococcus}} Numerous genera of [[bacteria]] and [[fungi]] live on and in the human body as part of its natural flora. The fungal genus ''[[Aspergillus]]'' is capable of living under considerable environmental stress, and thus is capable of colonising the upper gastrointestinal tract where relatively few examples of the body's gut flora can survive due to highly acidic or alkaline conditions produced by gastric acid and digestive juices. While ''Aspergillus'' normally produces no symptoms, in individuals who are immunocompromised or suffering from existing conditions such as [[tuberculosis]], a condition called [[aspergillosis]] can occur, in which populations of ''Aspergillus'' grow out of control.{{cn|date=June 2024}} ''[[Staphylococcus aureus]]'', a common bacterial species, is known best for its numerous pathogenic strains that can cause numerous illnesses and conditions. However, many strains of ''S. aureus'' are metabiotic commensals, and are present on roughly 20 to 30% of the human population as part of the [[skin flora]].<ref name=pmid9227864/> ''S. aureus'' also benefits from the variable ambient conditions created by the body's mucous membranes, and as such can be found in the [[oral cavity|oral]] and [[nasal cavity|nasal cavities]], as well as inside the [[ear canal]]. Other ''Staphylococcus'' species including ''[[Staphylococcus warneri|S. warneri]]'', ''[[Staphylococcus lugdunensis|S. lugdunensis]]'' and ''[[Staphylococcus epidermidis|S. epidermidis]]'', will also engage in commensalism for similar purposes.{{cn|date=June 2024}}
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