Editing Computational photography (section)

==Computational imaging==

Computational imaging is a set of imaging techniques that combine data acquisition and data processing to create the image of an object through indirect means to yield '''enhanced resolution''', additional information such as '''optical phase''' or [[3D reconstruction]]. The information is often recorded without using a [[Optical Microscope|conventional optical microscope configuration]] or with limited datasets.

Computational imaging allows to go beyond physical limitations of optical systems, such as [[numerical aperture]],<ref>Ou et al., [https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.23.003472 "High numerical aperture Fourier ptychography: principle, implementation and characterization"] ''Optics Express'' 23, 3 (2015)</ref> or even obliterates the need for [[Lens (optics)|optical elements]].<ref>Boominathan et al., [https://www.ece.rice.edu/~vb10/documents/2016/Lensless_Imaging_Computational_Renaissance.pdf "Lensless Imaging: A Computational Renaissance"] (2016)</ref>

For parts of the [[optical spectrum]] where imaging elements such as objectives are difficult to manufacture or [[image sensors]]  cannot be miniaturized, computational imaging provides useful alternatives, in fields such as [[X-ray]]<ref>Miyakawa et al., [https://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.22.019803 "Coded aperture detector : an image sensor with sub 20-nm pixel resolution"], ''Optics Express'' 22, 16 (2014)</ref> and [[Terahertz radiation|THz radiations]].

=== Common techniques ===
Among common computational imaging techniques are [[Coded aperture|lensless imaging]], computational speckle imaging,<ref>Katz et al., [https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2014.189 "Non-invasive single-shot imaging through scattering layers and around corners via speckle correlations"], ''Nature Photonics'' 8, 784–790 (2014)</ref> [[ptychography]] and [[Fourier ptychography]].

Computational imaging technique often draws on [[compressive sensing]] or [[phase retrieval]] techniques, where the angular spectrum of the object is being reconstructed. Other techniques are related to the field of computational imaging, such as [[digital holography]], [[computer vision]] and inverse problems such as [[tomography]].