Editing Covert operation (section)

==Black operations==
{{Redirect|Black ops|other uses|Black Ops (disambiguation){{!}}Black Ops}}
A black operation or "black ops" is a covert or [[clandestine operation]] by a [[government agency]], a [[military unit]] or a [[Paramilitary|paramilitary organization]] in which the operation itself is at least partially hidden from the organization or government's own scrutiny.<ref name="Smith">{{cite book|last=Smith|first=W. Thomas Jr.|title=[[Encyclopedia of the Central Intelligence Agency]]|year=2003|publisher=Facts on File, Inc.|location=New York|isbn=0-8160-4666-2|page=31}}</ref> For example, in the United States, some activities by military and intelligence agencies are funded by a classified "[[black budget]]", of which the details, and sometimes even the total, are hidden from the public and from most congressional oversight.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/06_09/c3973050.htm|title=Dirty Secrets Of The "Black Budget"|date=February 27, 2006|work=Business Week|access-date=June 12, 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111231103203/http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/06_09/c3973050.htm|archive-date=December 31, 2011|df=mdy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.wired.com/dangerroom/2010/02/pentagons-black-budget-tops-56-billion/|title=Pentagon's Black Budget Tops $56 Billion|last=Shachtman|first=Noah|date=February 1, 2010|magazine=Wired|access-date=June 12, 2012}}</ref>

A single such activity may be called a [[black bag operation]];<ref name = "Smith" /> that term is primarily used for surreptitious entries into structures to obtain information for [[HUMINT|human intelligence]] operations.<ref name = "intelnews">{{cite news|url=http://intelnews.org/2008/12/16/04-11/|title=Tallinn government surveillance cameras reveal black bag operation|date=December 16, 2008|work=Intelnews|access-date=3 December 2012}}</ref> Such operations have been carried out by the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]],<ref>{{cite news|url=https://abcnews.go.com/blogs/headlines/2007/06/as_part_of_its_/|title=FBI to Boost 'Black Bag' Search Ops|last=Rood|first=Justin|date=June 15, 2007|work=ABC News|access-date=3 December 2012}}</ref> [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]],<ref name = "wald">{{cite web|url=http://www.matthewaid.com/post/32043919336/the-cia-code-thief-who-came-in-from-the-cold|title=The CIA Code Thief Who Came in from the Cold|work=matthewald.com|access-date=3 December 2012}}</ref> [[National Security Agency|NSA]], [[KGB]], [[Stasi]], [[Mossad]], [[MI6]], [[MI5]], [[Australian Secret Intelligence Service|ASIS]], [[COMANF]], [[Directorate-General for External Security|DGSE]], [[Agenzia Informazioni e Sicurezza Esterna|AISE]], [[National Intelligence Centre (Spain)|CNI]], [[Ministry of State Security (China)|MSS]], [[Ministry of Intelligence (Iran)|VAJA]], [[Research and Analysis Wing|R&AW]], [[Republic of Korea Navy Special Warfare Flotilla#Underwater Demolition Unit (UDU)|UDU]], [[Foreign Intelligence Service (Russia)|SVR]], [[Federal Security Service|FSB]], [[GRU (Russian Federation)|GRU]], [[Inter-Services Intelligence|ISI]], [[Federal Intelligence Service|BND]], [[State Intelligence Agency (Indonesia)|BIN]] and the intelligence services of other states.<ref name = "intelnews" />