Editing Create, read, update and delete (section)

=== Databases ===
The acronym CRUD refers to the major operations which are implemented by [[database]]s. Each letter in the acronym can be mapped to a standard [[SQL|Structured Query Language (SQL)]] statement.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.educative.io/blog/crud-operations|title=CRUD operations explained: Create, read, update, delete|author=Maryam Sulemani|date=7 April 2021|access-date=14 December 2021}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! CRUD
! SQL
|-
| Create
| [[Insert (SQL)|INSERT]]
|-
| Read
| [[Select (SQL)|SELECT]]
|-
| Update
| [[Update (SQL)|UPDATE]]
|-
| Delete
| [[Delete (SQL)|DELETE]]
|}

Although [[relational database]]s are a common [[persistence layer]] in software applications, numerous other persistence layers exist. CRUD functionality can for example be implemented with [[document database]]s, [[object database]]s, [[XML database]]s, text files, or binary files.

Some [[big data]] systems do not implement UPDATE, but have only a timestamped INSERT (journaling), storing a completely new version of the object each time.