Editing Crisis management (section)

===Technological crisis===
Technological crises are caused by human application of science and technology. Technological accidents inevitably occur when technology becomes complex and coupled and something goes wrong in the system as a whole (Technological breakdowns). Some technological crises occur when human error causes disruptions (Human breakdowns<ref name=Coombs/>). People tend to assign blame for a technological disaster because technology is subject to human manipulation. That said, a decent amount of research demonstrates that the remedy or response strategy after a technological crisis (such as a data breach) can contribute significantly to an organization's overall reputation. There is also a cross-sectional difference among firms – firms with higher reputations tend to be less impacted by the blame on the technological crisis.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Gwebu |first1=Kholekile L. |last2=Wang |first2=Jing |last3=Wang |first3=Li |date=2018-04-03 |title=The Role of Corporate Reputation and Crisis Response Strategies in Data Breach Management |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07421222.2018.1451962 |journal=Journal of Management Information Systems |language=en |volume=35 |issue=2 |pages=683–714 |doi=10.1080/07421222.2018.1451962 |s2cid=49678205 |issn=0742-1222|url-access=subscription }}</ref> In contrast, people do not hold anyone responsible for natural disaster. When an accident creates significant environmental damage, the crisis is categorized as ''megadamage''.<ref name=Coombs/> Samples include software failures, industrial accidents, and oil spills.<ref name=Coombs/><ref name=Lerbinger/>

: Examples: [[Chernobyl disaster]], [[Exxon Valdez oil spill]], [[Heartbleed|Heartbleed security bug]]