Editing Cross Bronx Expressway (section)

=== Construction ===
[[File:2024-05-21 14 20 39 View north along Interstate 95 and U.S. Route 1 and east along the Cross Bronx Expressway from the overpass for East 174th Street in the Bronx, New York City, New York.jpg|thumb|left|The Expressway traverses beneath Walton Avenue and Grand Concourse.]]
In the 1940s, city planner [[Robert Moses]] proposed the construction of a system of highways that would traverse the New York City area.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Moscow |first=Warren |date=March 13, 1944 |title=Highway Network Proposed for City Hits Albany Snag |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1944/03/13/83966970.pdf |access-date=December 19, 2017 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=January 18, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230118221257/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1944/03/13/83966970.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false |url-status=live }}</ref> The plan was to cost $800&nbsp;million (equivalent to ${{Formatprice|{{inflation|US-GDP|800000000|1940}}}} in {{Inflation/year|index=US-GDP}}{{Inflation/fn|index=US-GDP}}), and, in February 1945, the city agreed to pay $60&nbsp;million (equivalent to ${{Formatprice|{{inflation|US-GDP|60000000|1945}}}} in {{Inflation/year|index=US-GDP}}{{Inflation/fn|index=US-GDP}}) of that cost.<ref name="nyt-1945-02-20">{{Cite news |date=February 20, 1945 |title=Road Plan Allots 60 Million to City |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1945/02/20/84629382.pdf |access-date=December 19, 2017 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=January 18, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230118221306/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1945/02/20/84629382.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false |url-status=live }}</ref> That November, the city, state, and federal governments agreed to fund several new highways in New York City. Among these was the Cross Bronx Expressway, which was to cost $38.67 million.<ref name="nyt-1945-11-26">{{Cite news |date=1945-11-26 |title=$285,000,000 Roads Planned for City; the Folks Back in the Old Country Are Proud of New York City's Mayor-elect |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1945/11/26/archives/285000000-roads-planned-for-city-the-folks-back-in-the-old-country.html |access-date=2022-10-31 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=October 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031143432/https://www.nytimes.com/1945/11/26/archives/285000000-roads-planned-for-city-the-folks-back-in-the-old-country.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The expressway was to continue onto the [[Washington Bridge (Harlem River)|181st Street Bridge]] at its western end, connecting with the [[178th–179th Street Tunnels]] and the [[George Washington Bridge]] via a set of ramps.<ref name="p1327401045">{{cite news |date=8 Apr 1950 |title=Work Progressing at Western Terminus of Cross-Bronx Expressway |page=9 |work=New York Herald Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|1327401045}}}}</ref> At its eastern end, the expressway would connect with the [[Hutchinson River Parkway]] and [[New England Thruway]] at the [[Bruckner Interchange]].<ref name="p1322297699">{{cite news |last=Widlicka |first=Leo |date=6 Mar 1953 |title=Bronx Hums With Work on 2 Expressways: Maj. Deegan, Cross-Bronx Routes Will Each Have 6 Lanes, No Stop Lights Two New Super Highways in the Bronx Begin to Take Shape |page=19 |work=New York Herald Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|1322297699}}}}</ref>

The [[New York City Board of Estimate]] approved a contract in February 1946, allowing the Tenant Relocation Bureau to relocate 540 families who lived on the expressway's right-of-way.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1946-02-01 |title=Tenant Relocation Part of Road Plan; Estimate Board Approves Conditionally Aid to Those WhoseHouses Will Be Razed |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1946/02/01/archives/tenant-relocation-part-of-road-plan-estimate-board-approves.html |access-date=2022-10-31 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=October 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031143430/https://www.nytimes.com/1946/02/01/archives/tenant-relocation-part-of-road-plan-estimate-board-approves.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[New York City Council]] adopted a resolution the next month, asking the Board of Estimate to delay the relocations,<ref>{{Cite news |date=1946-03-26 |title=Road Delay Sought to Save 600 Homes |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1946/03/26/archives/road-delay-sought-to-save-600-homes.html |access-date=2022-10-31 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=October 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031143429/https://www.nytimes.com/1946/03/26/archives/road-delay-sought-to-save-600-homes.html |url-status=live }}</ref> which were scheduled to start that June.<ref name="nyt-1946-05-08">{{Cite news |date=1946-05-08 |title=Legion Unit Scores Moses on Housing; Charges Him With Hundreds of Evictions to Make Way for New Auto Highways |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1946/05/08/archives/legion-unit-scores-moses-on-housing-charges-him-with-hundreds-of.html |access-date=2022-10-31 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=October 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031143429/https://www.nytimes.com/1946/05/08/archives/legion-unit-scores-moses-on-housing-charges-him-with-hundreds-of.html |url-status=live }}</ref> City officials said that only 55 families would be relocated in 1946 and that all existing residents would be relocated before construction started.<ref name="nyt-1946-05-11">{{Cite news |date=1946-05-11 |title=2 New Expressways to Oust Few Families From Their Homes This Year, Moses Reports |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1946/05/11/archives/2-new-expressways-to-oust-few-families-from-their-homes-this-year.html |access-date=2022-10-31 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=October 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031143430/https://www.nytimes.com/1946/05/11/archives/2-new-expressways-to-oust-few-families-from-their-homes-this-year.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="p1291144287">{{cite news |date=11 May 1946 |title=O'DwyerDenies City's Evictions Bring Hardship: Says N.Y. Is Relocating 305 Families Affected in '46 by Work on Expressways |page=15 |work=New York Herald Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|1291144287}}}}</ref> By late 1947, the city and state governments were relocating residents in the expressway's path.<ref name="nyt-1947-12-13">{{Cite news |last=Freeman |first=Ira |date=1947-12-13 |title=City Pushes Work on Expressways; 8 of 15 Major Road Projects in $200,000,000 Program Already Under Way |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1947/12/13/archives/city-pushes-work-on-expressways-8-of-15-major-road-projects-in.html |access-date=2022-10-31 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=October 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031143436/https://www.nytimes.com/1947/12/13/archives/city-pushes-work-on-expressways-8-of-15-major-road-projects-in.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The city and state started soliciting bids for construction contracts that December.<ref name="nyt-1947-12-13" /><ref name="p1291362023">{{cite news |date=3 Dec 1947 |title=State to Award $25,000,000 in Road Projects: Record Contract Letting to Include 2,000,000 Job on Bronx River Parkway |page=2 |work=New York Herald Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|1291362023}}}}</ref> Although the city and state planned to demolish 164 structures on the expressway's right-of-way, they were reluctant to raze all of the structures immediately because of a housing shortage in New York City.<ref name="p1327416845">{{cite news |last=Sugrue |first=Francis |date=26 Jul 1948 |title=New Highways Mapped to Link Four Boroughs: 6-Lane Roads, Free of Red Lights, Planned; Some Sections Already Begun |page=3 |work=New York Herald Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|1327416845}}}}</ref> The city government was able to obtain this land through the [[eminent domain]] process.<ref>{{cite court |litigants= John P. McGrath, Corporation Counsel ( H.E. O'Donnell, E.A. Weingarten, R. Abberman and A. Cohen of counsel), for City of New York. vs. Alfred J. Talley and others, for claimants. |date= 20 July 1948 |url= https://casetext.com/case/matter-of-city-of-new-york-cross-bronx-expressway}}</ref>

Construction of the expressway began in 1948.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/10/07/nyregion/neighborhood-report-bronx-up-close-decades-later-doing-cross-bronx-expressway.html|title=NEIGHBORHOOD REPORT: BRONX UP CLOSE; Decades Later, Doing the Cross Bronx Expressway Right|last=Sedensky|first=Matt|date=2001-10-07|work=The New York Times|access-date=2017-07-20|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=May 27, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150527155043/http://www.nytimes.com/2001/10/07/nyregion/neighborhood-report-bronx-up-close-decades-later-doing-cross-bronx-expressway.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/09/20/nyregion/hell-on-wheels-and-nerves-if-ever-there-was-a-mean-street-it-s-the-cross-bronx.html|title=Hell on Wheels, and Nerves; If Ever There Was a Mean Street, It's the Cross Bronx|last=Feuer|first=Alan|date=2002-09-20|work=The New York Times|access-date=2017-07-20|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=July 17, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160717234501/http://www.nytimes.com/2002/09/20/nyregion/hell-on-wheels-and-nerves-if-ever-there-was-a-mean-street-it-s-the-cross-bronx.html|url-status=live}}</ref> A 112-foot [[Cut (earthmoving)|open cut]] was excavated, accommodating six {{convert|12|ft|m|adj=mid|-wide}} traffic lanes and four {{convert|10|ft|m|adj=mid|-wide}} cobblestone shoulders. This project proved to be one of the most difficult expressway projects at the time; construction required blasting through ridges, crossing valleys and redirecting small rivers. In doing so, minimal disruption to the apartment buildings that topped the ridges in the area of [[Grand Concourse (Bronx)|Grand Concourse]] was a priority.<ref name=":1" /> Moreover, the expressway had to cross 113 streets, seven expressways and parkways (some of which were under construction), as well as numerous subway and train lines.<ref name=":1" /><ref name="Deutsch 2009">{{cite web |last=Deutsch |first=Kevin |date=March 5, 2009 |title=It's true, Cross-Bronx is worst |url=https://www.riverdalepress.com/stories/its-true-cross-bronx-is-worst,40239 |access-date=October 31, 2022 |website=The Riverdale Press |archive-date=October 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031180245/https://www.riverdalepress.com/stories/its-true-cross-bronx-is-worst,40239 |url-status=live }}</ref> The highway also passed by hundreds of utility, water and sewer lines, none of which could be interrupted.<ref name=":1">{{Cite Power Broker}}</ref><ref name="p1338031875">{{cite news |last=McConnell |first=David |date=29 Dec 1958 |title=Workers Speed Huge Bronx Expressway |page=3 |work=New York Herald Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|1338031875}}}}</ref> The highway was to contain 54 bridges and three tunnels when it was completed.<ref name="p1338031875" /> By early 1949, the project's budget had increased to $53 million,<ref name="nyt-1949-01-10">{{Cite news |date=1949-01-10 |title=Expressway Plan of City Cut in Half; Moses Report Shows Effect of Rising Costs on Program Once Put at $429,000,000 |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1949/01/10/archives/expressway-plan-of-city-cut-in-half-moses-report-shows-effect-of.html |access-date=2022-10-31 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=October 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031155106/https://www.nytimes.com/1949/01/10/archives/expressway-plan-of-city-cut-in-half-moses-report-shows-effect-of.html |url-status=live }}</ref> in part because of material shortages.<ref name="p1327416845" /><ref name="nyt-1949-01-10" />

==== Eastern section ====
[[File:2024-05-21 12 48 08 View south along Interstate 95 and west along the Cross Bronx Expressway from the overpass for East 176th Street in the Bronx, New York City, New York.jpg|thumb|right|A large stone arch overpass carries Crotona Avenue over the expressway]]
By early 1949, the first section of the expressway, between Olmstead Avenue and Westchester Creek, was not planned to be completed until 1951.<ref name="p1326795431">{{cite news |date=10 Jan 1949 |title=City Working On 37 Arterial Highway Plans: Pari of Over-Alle Expressway Program to Relieve Traffic at Cost of $496.953,531 |page=3 |work=New York Herald Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|1326795431}}}}</ref> The Gull Construction Company was contracted to build this segment in May 1949,<ref name="nyt-1949-05-15">{{Cite news |date=1949-05-15 |title=Highway Contract Let; Albany Awards Bronx Artery Link at $3,994,757 |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1949/05/15/archives/highway-contract-let-albany-awards-bronx-artery-link-at-3994757.html |access-date=2022-10-31 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=October 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031143430/https://www.nytimes.com/1949/05/15/archives/highway-contract-let-albany-awards-bronx-artery-link-at-3994757.html |url-status=live }}</ref> and Rusciano & Sons was hired the same month to build the footings for six bridges along the expressway.<ref name="nyt-1949-05-12">{{Cite news |date=1949-05-12 |title=Bronx Bridge Work Let: $3,372,919 Expressway Contract Goes to City Company |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1949/05/12/archives/bronx-bridge-work-let-3372919-expressway-contract-goes-to-city.html |access-date=2022-10-31 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=October 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031155109/https://www.nytimes.com/1949/05/12/archives/bronx-bridge-work-let-3372919-expressway-contract-goes-to-city.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In addition, Frederick H. Zurmuhlen was supervising the construction of a bridge over Westchester Creek at a cost of $5,287,000;<ref name="nyt-1949-06-10">{{Cite news |date=1949-06-10 |title=Widening to Start on Harlem Bridge; $736,996 Contract Let by State for Washington Span, Link in Cross Bronx Expressway |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1949/06/10/archives/widening-to-start-on-harlem-bridge-736996-contract-let-by-state-for.html |access-date=2022-10-31 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=October 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031155107/https://www.nytimes.com/1949/06/10/archives/widening-to-start-on-harlem-bridge-736996-contract-let-by-state-for.html |url-status=live }}</ref> the ten-lane bridge was to supplement a surface-level span.<ref name="nyt-1949-04-23">{{Cite news |last=Bennett |first=Charles G. |date=1949-04-23 |title=Bridge Expansion Sets Record Pace; Five Major Projects Costing $25,326,000 Under Way to Relieve Traffic Jams |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1949/04/23/archives/bridge-expansion-sets-record-pace-five-major-projects-costing.html |access-date=2022-10-31 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=October 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031155106/https://www.nytimes.com/1949/04/23/archives/bridge-expansion-sets-record-pace-five-major-projects-costing.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Engineering firms Andrews & Clark and Hardesty & Hanover were hired to supervise the project later in 1949.<ref name="nyt-1949-08-12">{{Cite news |date=1949-08-12 |title=Inspection Contract Let; Two Firms to Supervise Work on Cross-Bronx Expressway |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1949/08/12/archives/inspection-contract-let-two-firms-to-supervise-work-on-crossbronx.html |access-date=2022-10-31 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=October 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031143430/https://www.nytimes.com/1949/08/12/archives/inspection-contract-let-two-firms-to-supervise-work-on-crossbronx.html |url-status=live }}</ref> A short segment near Bruckner Boulevard opened in 1950 and was the first part of the expressway to be completed.<ref name="nyt-1954-11-15">{{Cite news |last=Ingraham |first=Joseph C. |date=1954-11-15 |title=Cross Bronx Road is Merely 2 Ends; Land for Central Section of $86,000,000 Expressway Has Yet to Be Bought |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1954/11/15/archives/cross-bronx-road-is-merely-2-ends-land-for-central-section-of.html |access-date=2022-10-31 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=October 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031171458/https://www.nytimes.com/1954/11/15/archives/cross-bronx-road-is-merely-2-ends-land-for-central-section-of.html |url-status=live }}</ref> 

The state government hired the J. Kaufman Demolition Company in 1951 to raze structures on the right-of-way east of the Bronx River Parkway.<ref name="nyt-1951-03-22">{{Cite news |date=1951-03-22 |title=Cross Bronx Expressway Bid |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1951/03/22/archives/cross-bronx-expressway-bid.html |access-date=2022-10-31 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=October 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031155106/https://www.nytimes.com/1951/03/22/archives/cross-bronx-expressway-bid.html |url-status=live }}</ref> By early 1953, part of the highway east of the Bronx River Parkway was also being constructed.<ref name="p1322297699" /> The construction of this section required excavating underneath the [[Parkchester station]] of the [[New York City Subway]]'s [[IRT Pelham Line|Pelham Line]].<ref name="nyt-1954-11-15" /> In addition, the [[Bronx River]] had to be relocated several hundred feet in the vicinity of the Bronx River Parkway interchange.<ref name="p1338031875" /><ref name="Deutsch 2009" /> The section from the Bronx River Parkway to the Bruckner Interchange opened on November&nbsp;5, 1955, at the same time as parts of the [[Queens Midtown Expressway|Queens Midtown]] and [[Major Deegan Expressway|Major Deegan]] expressways. The first portion of the Cross Bronx Expressway had cost $34.6 million and was about {{convert|2|mi}} long.<ref name="p1326055593">{{cite news |last=Ross |first=Don |date=6 Nov 1955 |title=3 City Expressway Routes Are Opened: Harriman and Wagner Attend, Urge Vote for Roads Bond Issue |page=3 |work=New York Herald Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|1326055593}}}}</ref><ref name="nyt-1955-11-06">{{Cite news |last=Ingraham |first=Joseph C. |date=1955-11-06 |title=Harriman Favors 'Yes' on Road Fund; Harriman Pleads for 'Yes' Vote On Bonds as 3 Road Links Open |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1955/11/06/archives/harriman-favors-yes-on-road-fund-harriman-pleads-for-yes-vote-on.html |access-date=2022-10-31 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=October 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031171458/https://www.nytimes.com/1955/11/06/archives/harriman-favors-yes-on-road-fund-harriman-pleads-for-yes-vote-on.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The segment was six lanes wide;<ref name="p1327591814">{{cite news |date=15 Oct 1955 |title=3 New Expressways to Ease City Bottlenecks |page=A1 |work=New York Herald Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|1327591814}}}}</ref> its original western end was at Rosedale Avenue, where ramps connected to the northbound Bronx River Parkway.<ref name="nyt-1955-11-04">{{Cite news |last=Ingraham |first=Joseph C. |date=1955-11-04 |title=3 Highway Links Open Tomorrow; Additions to Queens Midtown, Cross-Bronx and Deegan Units Cost $127,000,000 |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1955/11/04/archives/3-highway-links-open-tomorrow-additions-to-queens-midtown.html |access-date=2022-10-31 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=July 22, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180722190755/https://www.nytimes.com/1955/11/04/archives/3-highway-links-open-tomorrow-additions-to-queens-midtown.html |url-status=live }}</ref> A one-mile (1.5&nbsp;km) western extension from the Bronx River Parkway to a temporary interchange at Longfellow Avenue, near Boston Road, opened on April&nbsp;23, 1956.<ref name="nyt-1956-04-24">{{Cite news |date=1956-04-24 |title=Bronx Road Link Open; New Section of Cross Borough Highway Put Into Use |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1956/04/24/archives/bronx-road-link-open-new-section-of-cross-borough-highway-put-into.html |access-date=2022-10-31 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=October 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031171457/https://www.nytimes.com/1956/04/24/archives/bronx-road-link-open-new-section-of-cross-borough-highway-put-into.html |url-status=live }}</ref>  

When the [[Throgs Neck Bridge]] to [[Queens]] opened on January&nbsp;11, 1961,<ref name="NYTimes-BridgeOpened-1961">{{cite web |last=Phillips |first=McCandlish |date=January 12, 1961 |title=Throgs Neck Bridge Is Opened To No Pomp and Little Traffic |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1961/01/12/archives/throgs-neck-bridge-is-opened-to-no-pomp-and-little-traffic.html |access-date=October 8, 2018 |website=The New York Times |archive-date=October 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007223115/https://www.nytimes.com/1961/01/12/archives/throgs-neck-bridge-is-opened-to-no-pomp-and-little-traffic.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="LISJ-Opening-1961">{{cite news |last=Phillips |first=Dorothy A. |date=January 12, 1961 |title=Throgs Neck Bridge Opens New Gateway to Long Island |pages=[http://fultonhistory.com/highlighter/highlight-for-xml?altUrl=http%3A%2F%2Ffultonhistory.com%2FNewspaper%252014%2FLong%2520Island%2520City%2520NY%2520Star%2520Journal%2FLong%2520Island%2520City%2520NY%2520Star%2520Journal%25201961%2FLong%2520Island%2520%2520City%2520NY%2520Star%2520Journal%25201961%2520-%25201188.pdf 1B], [http://fultonhistory.com/Newspaper%2014/Long%20Island%20City%20NY%20Star%20Journal/Long%20Island%20City%20NY%20Star%20Journal%201961/Long%20Island%20%20City%20NY%20Star%20Journal%201961%20-%201200.pdf 13B] |work=Long Island Star-Journal |via=Fultonhistory.com}}</ref> the Cross Bronx was extended east as one of the bridge's two northern approaches, the other being the [[Interstate 695 (New York)|Throgs Neck Expressway]] (later I-695). Both extensions were part of the [[Interstate Highway System]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Ingraham |first=Joseph C. |date=January 1, 1961 |title=Around the Town: New York City's System of Bypasses Is Beginning to Take Shape |page=X17 |newspaper=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1961/01/01/archives/around-the-town-new-york-citys-system-of-bypasses-is-beginning-to.html |access-date=April 14, 2010 |archive-date=July 22, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180722185606/https://www.nytimes.com/1961/01/01/archives/around-the-town-new-york-citys-system-of-bypasses-is-beginning-to.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The Cross Bronx Expressway Extension and the Clearview Expressway were originally designated as part of [[Interstate 78 in New York|I-78]],<ref name="NYTimes-Clearview-Aug1963">{{cite news |date=August 11, 1963 |title=First Road Finished for Fair Complex |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1963/08/11/89950722.pdf |access-date=February 28, 2017 |archive-date=January 18, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230118221305/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1963/08/11/89950722.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="NassauExyEIS">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bag1AQAAMAAJ&pg=SL9-PA37 |title=Nassau Expressway Construction, New York City: Environmental Impact Statement |publisher=[[United States Department of Transportation]], [[Federal Transit Administration]], [[New York State Department of Transportation]] |year=1981 |access-date=February 28, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite map|title=New York with Sight-Seeing Guide|publisher=[[Esso]]|cartography=[[General Drafting]]|year=1962|edition=1962}}</ref> which was to continue through Queens, [[Brooklyn]], and [[Manhattan]] to the [[Holland Tunnel]].<ref name="1960map">{{cite map|title=New York and New Jersey Tourgide<!--sic--> Map|publisher=[[Gulf Oil Company]]|cartography=[[Rand McNally and Company]]|year=1960}}</ref><ref name="RPA-ExpresswayPlans-1964">{{cite journal |date=May 1964 |title=Expressway Plans |url=https://archive.org/details/regionalplannews7374regi |journal=[[Regional Plan Association|Regional Plan News]] |publisher=[[Regional Plan Association]] |issue=73–74 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/regionalplannews7374regi/page/n0 1]–18 |access-date=February 27, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Ingraham |first1=Joseph C. |date=March 5, 1957 |title=State Road Plans Snarled By Political Tugs of War; Study of Long-Range Program Linked to National System Finds a Financial Muddle and Lack of Initiative |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1957/03/05/archives/state-road-plans-snarled-by-political-tugs-of-war-study-of.html |access-date=February 28, 2017 |archive-date=February 28, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170228163430/http://www.nytimes.com/1957/03/05/archives/state-road-plans-snarled-by-political-tugs-of-war-study-of.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Ultimately, most of I-78 was canceled in 1971.<ref>{{cite news |last=Cliness |first=Francis X. |date=March 25, 1971 |title=Lower Manhattan Road Killed Under State Plan |page=78 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1971/03/25/81936145.pdf |access-date=April 14, 2010 |archive-date=January 18, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230118221250/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1971/03/25/81936145.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="NYCPk-ClearviewsTail">{{cite web |title=Clearview's Tail |url=https://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/clearviews-tail/history |access-date=February 28, 2017 |publisher=[[New York City Department of Parks and Recreation]] |archive-date=March 1, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170301180330/https://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/clearviews-tail/history |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="NassauExyEIS" /> In anticipation of this change, the Cross Bronx Expressway Extension and the Clearview Expressway were renumbered I-295 on January 1, 1970.<ref name="1970log">{{cite book |author=State of New York Department of Transportation |url=http://www.greaternyroads.info/pdfs/state70.pdf |title=Official Description of Touring Routes in New York State |date=January 1, 1970 |author-link=State of New York Department of Transportation |access-date=July 12, 2010 |archive-date=March 26, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090326062441/http://www.greaternyroads.info/pdfs/state70.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

==== Central section ====
The section of the Cross Bronx Expressway between Anthony and Longfellow Avenues was highly controversial.<ref name="p1320026485">{{cite news |date=7 May 1953 |title=State Rejects Bronx Road Plea |page=8 |work=New York Herald Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|1320026485}}}}</ref> In early 1953, Bronx borough president [[James J. Lyons]] proposed relocating the Cross Bronx Expressway near [[Crotona Park]] in order to preserve 1,000 houses in the expressway's right-of-way. Under Lyons's plan, the highway would curve slightly southward and run along the northern edge of Crotona Park, creating a "kink" in the routing.<ref name="nyt-1953-03-13">{{Cite news |last=Bennett |first=Charles G. |date=1953-03-13 |title=Lyons Gives Reply to 'Pooh-bah' Moses; Says Charge of Putting 'Kink' in Cross Bronx Expressway Plans Is 'Damnable Lie' |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1953/03/13/archives/lyons-gives-reply-to-poohbah-moses-says-charge-of-putting-kink-in.html |access-date=2022-10-31 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=October 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031155108/https://www.nytimes.com/1953/03/13/archives/lyons-gives-reply-to-poohbah-moses-says-charge-of-putting-kink-in.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="p1322300605">{{cite news |date=13 Mar 1953 |title=Lyons Terms Moses 'Poo Bah' On Expressway: Defends Rights of 1,000 Bronx Home Owners in Selection of Route |page=34 |work=New York Herald Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|1322300605}}}}</ref> Moses, who called Lyons's proposal "unreasonable", threatened to resign from his position as city construction coordinator if Lyons's alternative was approved.<ref name="nyt-1953-03-12">{{Cite news |date=1953-03-12 |title=Moses Threatens to Halt Bronx Job; He Tells Mayor He Will Shift Highway Fund Elsewhere if Lyons Changes Route |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1953/03/12/archives/moses-threatens-to-halt-bronx-job-he-tells-mayor-he-will-shift.html |access-date=2022-10-31 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=October 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031155111/https://www.nytimes.com/1953/03/12/archives/moses-threatens-to-halt-bronx-job-he-tells-mayor-he-will-shift.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="p1319999424">{{cite news |date=12 Mar 1953 |title=Moses Protests Cross-Bronx 'Politics' and Threatens to Quit |page=16 |work=New York Herald Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|1319999424}}}}</ref> Moses also threatened to cancel federal funding for the entire project.<ref name="p1319934667">{{cite news |date=24 Apr 1953 |title=Moses Warns On Route Shift |page=25 |work=New York Herald Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|1319934667}}}}</ref> After an acrimonious public hearing in April 1953, the Board of Estimate could not agree on whether to relocate the expressway along Crotona Park.<ref name="nyt-1953-04-24">{{Cite news |last=Bennett |first=Charles G. |date=1953-04-24 |title=Bronx Expressway Dispute Has Estimate Board Fuming |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1953/04/24/archives/bronx-expressway-dispute-has-estimate-board-fuming-expressway-fight.html |access-date=2022-10-31 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=October 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031155106/https://www.nytimes.com/1953/04/24/archives/bronx-expressway-dispute-has-estimate-board-fuming-expressway-fight.html |url-status=live }}</ref> State officials supported Moses's original plan, saying that the Crotona Park alternative would create "curves and reverse curves of sub-standard radius".<ref name="p1320026485" /> Ultimately, the Board of Estimate approved Moses's original alignment that May.<ref name="nyt-1953-05-15">{{Cite news |last=Bennett |first=Charles G. |date=1953-05-15 |title=Bronx Expressway Route Approved To 'Demagogue,' 'Blackmail' Cries; Present Views at Hearing on Cross Bronx Expressway |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1953/05/15/archives/bronx-expressway-route-approved-to-demagogue-blackmail-cries.html |access-date=2022-10-31 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=October 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031143434/https://www.nytimes.com/1953/05/15/archives/bronx-expressway-route-approved-to-demagogue-blackmail-cries.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="p1319939221">{{cite news |last=Wise |first=David |date=15 May 1953 |title=City Stands By Bronx Road Plan |page=11 |work=New York Herald Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|1319939221}}}}</ref>

[[File:2024-05-21 13 50 46 View south along Interstate 95 and U.S. Route 1 and west along the Cross Bronx Expressway from the overpass for Morris Avenue in the Bronx, New York City, New York.jpg|thumb|left|The westbound Cross Bronx Expressway passing under Grand Concourse; note the large brick-faced retaining walls]]
By 1954, the project's cost had increased to $86 million, but land for the western section of the expressway had not even been purchased, leading ''The New York Times'' to describe the existing sections as a "road to nowhere".<ref name="nyt-1954-11-15" /> Although the Cross Bronx Expressway had been one of the first highways planned in New York City, it was estimated that the expressway would be the last project to be completed.<ref name="nyt-1955-05-08">{{Cite news |last=Ingraham |first=Joseph |date=1955-05-08 |title=Highway Building Catching Up: Toll and Other Roads Nearing Completion-- Fewer Detours |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1955/05/08/archives/highway-building-catching-up-toll-and-other-roads-nearing.html |access-date=2022-10-31 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=October 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031171504/https://www.nytimes.com/1955/05/08/archives/highway-building-catching-up-toll-and-other-roads-nearing.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In November 1954, the Board of Estimate voted unanimously to buy land for the section between Anthony and Longfellow Avenues, despite continued opposition from Bronx residents. At the time, officials estimated that the central section of the expressway would cost $21 million.<ref name="nyt-1954-12-03">{{Cite news |date=1954-12-03 |title=Bronx Residents Lose Road Fight; Expressway Route Affirmed as Estimate Board Votes to Buy Mid-Section Land |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1954/12/03/archives/bronx-residents-lose-road-fight-expressway-route-affirmed-as.html |access-date=2022-10-31 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=October 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031171502/https://www.nytimes.com/1954/12/03/archives/bronx-residents-lose-road-fight-expressway-route-affirmed-as.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="p1322566725">{{cite news |last=Wise |first=David |date=3 Dec 1954 |title=Bronx Residents Lose Expressway Route Fight |page=1 |work=New York Herald Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|1322566725}}}}</ref> Of this cost, $8 million would be spent on acquiring the land and relocating 1,462 families.<ref name="p1322566725" /> By 1956, the ''Times'' reported that the center section was not expected to be completed for several years because of the expense of relocating tenants.<ref>{{cite news |date=April 23, 1956 |title=Expressway Growing: Cross-Bronx Artery Will Be Extended a Mile Today |page=29 |newspaper=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1956/04/23/archives/expressway-growing-crossbronx-artery-will-be-extended-a-mile-today.html |access-date=April 14, 2010 |archive-date=September 7, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170907170503/http://www.nytimes.com/1956/04/23/archives/expressway-growing-crossbronx-artery-will-be-extended-a-mile-today.html |url-status=live }}</ref> 

Construction of the section between exits 3 and 2B began in early 1958, at which point the project's total cost had increased to $101 million. The most expensive part of the project was the {{convert|0.6|mi|km|adj=on}} segment between exits 2B and 2A in [[Tremont, Bronx]], which was planned to cost $11.788 million; it included a {{convert|300|ft|m|-long|adj=mid}} tunnel under the Grand Concourse and the underground [[IND Concourse Line|Concourse Line]], as well as an open cut that passed under five avenues.<ref name="nyt-1958-08-04">{{Cite news |last=Stengren |first=Bernard |date=1958-08-04 |title=Rock and 5 Bridges on .6 of Mile Put Bronx Road Cost in Millions; Bids to Be Opened Thursday for Section of Expressway at Grand Concourse |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1958/08/04/archives/rock-and-5-bridges-on-6-of-mile-put-bronx-road-cost-in-millions.html |access-date=2022-10-31 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=October 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031171457/https://www.nytimes.com/1958/08/04/archives/rock-and-5-bridges-on-6-of-mile-put-bronx-road-cost-in-millions.html |url-status=live }}</ref> On April&nbsp;27, 1960, another 1.2-mile (2&nbsp;km) piece opened, taking the road west to Webster Avenue.<!--presumably there were temporary ramps?--><ref>{{cite news |title=Cross-Bronx Route to Add Section |url=https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0C10FF345C16738DDDAC0A94DC405B808AF1D3 |newspaper=The New York Times |date=April 25, 1960 |page=23 |access-date=April 14, 2010 |archive-date=November 3, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103021619/http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0C10FF345C16738DDDAC0A94DC405B808AF1D3 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="p1327099406">{{cite news |date=25 Apr 1960 |title=Cross-Bronx Expressway Section to Open |page=13 |work=New York Herald Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|1327099406}}}}</ref> Later that year, the westernmost {{convert|0.4|mi|adj=}} of the expressway was closed to allow the completion of the Tremont section.<ref name="nyt-1961-01-31">{{Cite news |date=1961-01-31 |title=Cross Bronx Highway Link Ready |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1961/01/31/archives/cross-bronx-highway-link-ready.html |access-date=2022-10-31 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=October 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031174744/https://www.nytimes.com/1961/01/31/archives/cross-bronx-highway-link-ready.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The  0.6-mile (1&nbsp;km) Tremont segment from Webster Avenue west to Jerome Avenue opened on February&nbsp;10, 1961.<ref>{{cite news |title=Cross Bronx Highway Link Ready |url=https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FA0E1FF83C5D1B728DDDA80B94D9405B818AF1D3 |newspaper=The New York Times |date=January 31, 1961 |page=13 |access-date=April 14, 2010 |archive-date=November 3, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103021637/http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FA0E1FF83C5D1B728DDDA80B94D9405B818AF1D3 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="p1335784646">{{cite news |date=26 Feb 1961 |title=Cross-Bronx Expressway Adds New Section Tuesday |page=30 |work=New York Herald Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|1335784646}}}}</ref> By that time, all construction contracts for the remaining sections of the expressway had been awarded.<ref name="p1335784646" />

==== Western section ====
[[File:2024-05-30 12 47 30 View north along Interstate 87 (Major Deegan Expressway) from the High Bridge in the Bronx, New York City, New York.jpg|thumb|Deegan interchange]]
The 181st Street Bridge, and the ramps from the bridge to the existing 178th Street Tunnel and a new 179th Street Tunnel in Manhattan, were originally part of the Cross Bronx Expressway.<ref name="p1327401045" /> In 1949, workers began widening the 181st Street Bridge, constructing the ramps, and excavating the 179th Street Tunnel.<ref name="nyt19490610">{{Cite news |date=June 10, 1949 |title=Widening to Start on Harlem Bridge; $736,996 Contract Let by State for Washington Span, Link in Cross Bronx Expressway |language=en-US |page=29 |work=The New York Times |url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1949/06/10/84215606.pdf |access-date=January 26, 2021 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=January 18, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230118221255/http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1949/06/10/84215606.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=June 15, 1949 |title=Thruway Talk Snags Housing |pages=2 |work=The Herald Statesman |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/68764574/thruway-talk-snags-housing/ |access-date=January 28, 2021 |archive-date=February 1, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210201200852/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/68764574/thruway-talk-snags-housing/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The widening was finished by 1950,<ref>{{cite news |date=April 8, 1950 |title=Work Progressing at Western Terminus of Cross-Bronx Expressway |page=9 |work=New York Herald Tribune |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/1327401045 |url-access=subscription |access-date=January 1, 2021 |id={{ProQuest|1327401045}} |via=ProQuest}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Burns |first=Patrick |date=June 21, 1950 |title=2 Major Highways to Open This Fall: Two Major Projects in City's Highway Program |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1950/06/21/archives/2-major-highways-to-open-this-fall-two-major-projects-in-citys.html |access-date=January 28, 2021 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=February 1, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210201144406/https://www.nytimes.com/1950/06/21/archives/2-major-highways-to-open-this-fall-two-major-projects-in-citys.html |url-status=live }}</ref> and the tunnel and interchange opened on May 5, 1952.<ref>{{Cite news |date=May 4, 1952 |title=Two Traffic Aids to Open Tomorrow; Tunnel Under 179th Street and Highbridge Interchange Will End Bottlenecks |language=en-US |page=86 |work=The New York Times |url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1952/05/04/93368200.pdf |access-date=January 26, 2021 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=January 18, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230118221253/http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1952/05/04/93368200.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=May 5, 1952 |title=179th St. Tunnel And Roadways To Open Today: Project Links Washington and George Washington Bridges and Harlem Drive A Section of Highbridge Roadway Opening Today |page=6 |work=New York Herald Tribune |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/1322444596 |url-access=subscription |access-date=January 1, 2021 |id={{ProQuest|1322444596}} |via=ProQuest |archive-date=October 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031171504/https://www.proquest.com/docview/1322444596 |url-status=live }}</ref> Originally, there had not been any plans to construct an interchange with the Major Deegan Expressway, at the highway's western end, because of the area's steep topography and limited space.<ref name="nyt-1952-12-22">{{Cite news |date=1952-12-22 |title=City, State Plan Expressway Link; Interchange to Be Built Here Between Major Deegan and Cross-Bronx Highways |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1952/12/22/archives/city-state-plan-expressway-link-interchange-to-be-built-here.html |access-date=2022-10-31 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=October 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031155106/https://www.nytimes.com/1952/12/22/archives/city-state-plan-expressway-link-interchange-to-be-built-here.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In December 1952, the city and state reached an agreement to finance the construction of an interchange at that site.<ref name="nyt-1952-12-22" /><ref name="p1322287238">{{cite news |date=22 Dec 1952 |title=State to Help City Build Its Interchange in Bronx |page=32 |work=New York Herald Tribune |issn=1941-0646 |id={{ProQuest|1322287238}}}}</ref>

Plans for the western end of the expressway were modified substantially<ref name="nyt-1958-11-27">{{Cite news |last=Ingraham |first=Joseph C. |date=1958-11-27 |title=Cross-Bronx Road Gets Revised Plan; Better Connecting Links Are Provided -- New Harlem River Bridge Slated |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1958/11/27/archives/crossbronx-road-gets-revised-plan-better-connecting-links-are.html |access-date=2022-10-31 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=October 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031171458/https://www.nytimes.com/1958/11/27/archives/crossbronx-road-gets-revised-plan-better-connecting-links-are.html |url-status=live }}</ref> after the [[Port Authority of New York and New Jersey]] announced in 1957 that it would construct a lower deck on the George Washington Bridge.<ref>{{cite news |last=Ingraham |first=Joseph C. |date=July 12, 1957 |title=Fund Is Allotted Bridge To Jersey |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1957/07/12/archives/fund-is-allotted-bridge-to-jersey-182000000-is-set-by-port-board.html |access-date=June 15, 2018 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=June 15, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180615191832/https://www.nytimes.com/1957/07/12/archives/fund-is-allotted-bridge-to-jersey-182000000-is-set-by-port-board.html |url-status=live }}</ref> To accommodate the additional traffic from the George Washington Bridge, the [[Trans-Manhattan Expressway]] and [[Alexander Hamilton Bridge]] were to be constructed, connecting the George Washington Bridge and the Cross Bronx Expressway.<ref>{{cite news |date=August 28, 1962 |title=Dedication Rites Set Tomorrow For George Washington 2nd Deck |pages=5 |work=Tarrytown Daily News |url=http://fultonhistory.com/highlighter/highlight-for-xml?altUrl=http%3A%2F%2Ffultonhistory.com%2FNewspapers%252023%2FTarrytown%2520Ny%2520Daily%2520News%2FTarrytown%2520Ny%2520Daily%2520News%25201962%2FTarrytown%2520Ny%2520Daily%2520News%25201962%2520-%25204859.pdf |access-date=June 18, 2018 |via=[[Fultonhistory.com]] |archive-date=January 18, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230118221305/https://fultonhistory.com/Newspapers%2023/Tarrytown%20Ny%20Daily%20News/Tarrytown%20Ny%20Daily%20News%201962/Tarrytown%20Ny%20Daily%20News%201962%20-%204859.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Stengren 1960">{{cite news |last=Stengren |first=Bernard |date=February 22, 1960 |title=George Washington Bridge Loops to Open in Fall |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1960/02/22/archives/george-washington-bridge-loops-to-open-in-fall-manhattan-ramps-lead.html |access-date=June 15, 2018 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=June 15, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180615190953/https://www.nytimes.com/1960/02/22/archives/george-washington-bridge-loops-to-open-in-fall-manhattan-ramps-lead.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The revised plans were announced in 1958. At the time, the Alexander Hamilton Bridge was planned to be completed in 1962, but the interchange with the Major Deegan would not open until two years after that.<ref name="nyt-1958-11-27" /> With the opening of the Alexander Hamilton Bridge in April 1963, the $128 million Cross Bronx was completed, but two major interchanges were still incomplete: the Highbridge Interchange with the Major Deegan Expressway ([[Interstate 87 (New York)|I-87]]), and the [[Bruckner Interchange]] with the [[Bruckner Expressway]] ([[Interstate 95 in New York|I-95]]/[[Interstate 278|I-278]]), the [[Hutchinson River Parkway]], and the Hutchinson River Expressway ([[Interstate 678|I-678]]).<ref>{{cite news |date=April 14, 1963 |title=New Bridge Completes L.I.-to-Jersey Bypass |page=528 |newspaper=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1963/04/14/archives/new-bridge-completes-litojersey-bypass.html |access-date=April 14, 2010 |archive-date=July 22, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180722193648/https://www.nytimes.com/1963/04/14/archives/new-bridge-completes-litojersey-bypass.html |url-status=live }}</ref>