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Cyzicus
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== Ecclesiastical history == Cyzicus, as capital of the [[Roman province]] of [[Hellespontus (province)|Hellespontus]], was its ecclesiastical [[metropolitan see]]. In the ''[[Notitiae Episcopatuum]]'' of Pseudo-Epiphanius, composed in about 640, Cyzicus had 12 [[suffragan]] [[episcopal see|sees]]; [[Abydos (Hellespont)|Abydus]], [[Baris in Hellesponto]] (between Sariköy and Biga), [[Dardanus (city)|Dardanus]], [[Germa in Hellesponto]] (ruins of Germaslu, Kirmasti, Girmas), [[Hadrianotherae]] (Uzuncia yayla), [[Hisarlik|Ilium]], [[Lampsacus]], [[Karacabey|Miletopolis]], [[Diocese of Oca (Asia Minor)|Oca]], [[Pionia, Mysia|Pionia]] (Avcılar), [[Poemanenum]] (Eskimanias), [[Alexandria Troas|Troas]]. The province also included two autocephalous archiepiscopal sees: [[Parium]] and [[Proconnesus]]. === Residential bishops === Cyzicus had a catalogue of bishops beginning with the 1st century; [[Michel Le Quien]] mentions fifty-nine.<ref name="Le Quien">{{Oriens Christianus|volume=1|article=Ecclesia Cyzici|at=cols. 747–768 }}</ref> A more complete list is found in Nicodemos, in the Greek "Office of St. Emilian" (Constantinople, 1876), 34–36, which has eighty-five names. Of particular importance are the famous [[Arianism|Arian]] theologian [[Eunomius of Cyzicus]]; [[Dalmatius (bishop of Cyzicus)|Saint Dalmatius]]; bishops [[Proclus of Constantinople|Proclus]] and [[Patriarch Germanus I of Constantinople|Germanus]], who became Patriarchs of Constantinople; and Saint Emilian, a martyr in the 8th century. Another saint who came from Cyzicus, Saint [[Tryphaena of Cyzicus]], is the [[patron saint]] of the city. [[Gelasius of Cyzicus|Gelasius]], a historian of [[Arianism]], who wrote about 475, was born at Cyzicus.<ref name="Le Quien"/><ref>v. ''Cyzique'', in [http://booksnow.scholarsportal.info/ebooks/oca2/4/dictionnairedhis13bauduoft/dictionnairedhis13bauduoft.pdf ''Dictionnaire d'Histoire et de Géographie ecclésiastiques''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805130222/https://booksnow.scholarsportal.info/ebooks/Readme.txt |date=5 August 2020 }}, vol. XIII, Paris 1956, coll. 1191–1196</ref> * [[George Kleidas]], Metropolitan of Cyzicus in ca. 1253–61{{sfn|PLP|loc=11779. Κλειδᾶς Γεώργιος}} * [[Theodore Skoutariotes]], Metropolitan of Cyzicus in ca. 1277{{sfn|PLP|loc=26204. Σκουταριώτης Θεόδωρος}} * Daniel Glykys, Metropolitan of Cyzicus in 1285–89{{sfn|PLP|loc=4263. Γλυκύς Δανιήλ}} * Methodius, Metropolitan of Cyzicus from 1289{{sfn|PLP|loc=17597. Μεθόδιος}} * [[Niphon I of Constantinople|Niphon I]], Patriarch of Constantinople in 1310–14, was Metropolitan of Cyzicus in 1303–10{{sfn|PLP|loc=20679. Νίφων Ι.}} * Athanasios, Metropolitan of Cyzicus in 1324–47{{sfn|PLP|loc=388. Ἀθανάσιος}} * Theodoretos, ''[[proedros]]'' of Cyzicus in 1370–72{{sfn|PLP|loc=7332. Θεοδώρητος}} * Sebasteianos, Metropolitan of Cyzicus in 1381–86{{sfn|PLP|loc=25063. Σεβαστειανός}} * [[Matthew I of Constantinople|Matthew I]], Patriarch of Constantinople in 1397–1410, was Metropolitan of Cyzicus in 1387–97{{sfn|PLP|loc=17387. Ματθαῖος Ι.}} * Theognostos, Metropolitan of Cyzicus in 1399–1405{{sfn|PLP|loc=37071. Θεόγνωστος}} * Makarios, Metropolitan of Cyzicus in 1409{{sfn|PLP|loc=16261. Μακάριος}} * [[Metrophanes II of Constantinople|Metrophanes II]], Patriarch of Constantinople in 1440–43, was Metropolitan of Cyzicus in 1436–40{{sfn|PLP|loc=18069. Μητροφάνης ΙΙ.}} * [[Cyril IV of Constantinople|Cyril IV]], Patriarch of Constantinople in 1711–13, was Metropolitan of Cyzicus before that Cyzicus remained a metropolitan see of the [[Greek Orthodox Church]] until the 1923 [[Convention Concerning the Exchange of Greek and Turkish Populations]] emptied it of Greek Orthodox faithful, whether they spoke Greek or Turkish. The last bishop of the see died in 1932.<ref>[http://users.sch.gr/markmarkou/katalog/ecp/kyzikos.htm Μητρόπολη Κυζικού]</ref><ref name=CE>[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04598a.htm Siméon Vailhé, "Cyzicus"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190303150758/http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04598a.htm |date=3 March 2019 }} in ''[[Catholic Encyclopedia]]'' (New York 1908)</ref><ref>Heinrich Gelzer, [https://archive.org/stream/abhandlungenbay06klasgoog#page/n567/mode/2up ''Ungedruckte und ungenügend veröffentlichte Texte der Notitiae episcopatuum'', pp. 535, 537], in: Abhandlungen der philosophisch-historische classe der bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1901, pp. 529–641</ref> Today it is a titular metropolis of the [[Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople]]. === Catholic titular see === Since 1885, the [[Catholic Church]] lists Cyzicus as a [[titular see]]<ref>''Annuario Pontificio 2013'' (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2013 {{ISBN|978-88-209-9070-1}}), p. 871</ref> of the highest (Metropolitan) rank, but vacant since 1974. Titular metropolitans were: * John Baptist Lamy (1885.08.18 – 1888.02.13) * William Benedict Scarisbrick, O.S.B. (1888.09.08 – 1908.05.07) * José María Cázares y Martínez (1908.04.29 – 1909.03.31) * Johannes Fidelis Battaglia (1909.07.03 – 1913.09.10) * Simeón Pereira y Castellón (1913.12.02 – 1921.01.29) * Giacomo Sereggi (1921.10.14 – 1922.04.11) * Giuseppe Moràbito (1922.07.04 – 1923.12.03) * [[Antal Papp]] (1924.07.14 – 1945.12.24) * Manuel Marilla Ferreira da Silva (1949.05.29 – 1974.11.23)
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