Editing December 9 (section)

===1901–present===
*[[1905]] &ndash; In France, a [[1905 French law on the Separation of the Churches and the State|law separating church and state]] is passed.
*[[1911]] &ndash; A [[Cross Mountain Mine disaster|mine explosion]] near [[Briceville, Tennessee]], kills 84 miners despite rescue efforts led by the [[United States Bureau of Mines]].
*[[1917]] &ndash; [[World War I]]: Field Marshal [[Edmund Allenby, 1st Viscount Allenby|Allenby]] captures [[Battle of Jerusalem|Jerusalem]] from the [[Ottoman Empire]].
*  1917   &ndash; World War I: The [[Kingdom of Romania]] signs the [[Armistice of Focșani]] with the [[Central Powers]].<ref>{{Citation |last=Torrey |first=Glenn E. |title=Romania Leaves the War: The Decision to Sign an Armistice, December 1917 |date=1989 |work=East European Quarterly |volume=23 |issue=3 |pages=283–292}}</ref>
*[[1922]] &ndash; [[Gabriel Narutowicz]] is elected the first president of Poland.
*[[1931]] &ndash; The [[Constituent Cortes]] approves a [[Spanish Constitution of 1931|constitution]] which establishes the [[Second Spanish Republic]]. 
*[[1935]] &ndash; [[December 9th Movement|Student protests]] occur in [[Beijing]]'s [[Tiananmen Square]], and are subsequently dispersed by [[Kuomintang|government authorities]].
*  1935   &ndash; [[Walter Liggett]], an American newspaper editor and muckraker, is killed in a gangland murder.
*[[1937]] &ndash; [[Second Sino-Japanese War]]: [[Battle of Nanking]]: [[Empire of Japan|Japanese]] troops under the command of Lt. Gen. [[Yasuhiko Asaka]] launch an assault on the [[Republic of China (1912–49)|Chinese]] city of [[Nanjing|Nanking]].
*[[1940]] &ndash; [[World War II]]: [[Operation Compass]]: British and Indian troops under the command of Major-General [[Richard O'Connor]] [[Battle of Sidi Barrani|attack]] [[Military history of Italy during World War II|Italian]] forces near [[Sidi Barrani]] in [[Egypt]].
*[[1941]] &ndash; World War II: [[Republic of China (1912–49)|China]], [[Cuba]], [[Guatemala]], and [[Commonwealth of the Philippines|the Philippine Commonwealth]] declare war on [[Nazi Germany|Germany]] and [[Empire of Japan|Japan]].
*  1941   &ndash; World War II: The American [[19th Operations Group|19th Bombardment Group]] attacks Japanese ships off the coast of [[Vigan]], [[Luzon]].
*[[1946]] &ndash; The [[subsequent Nuremberg trials]] begin with the [[Doctors' Trial]], prosecuting physicians and officers alleged to be involved in [[Nazi human experimentation]] and [[Action T4|mass murder under the guise of euthanasia]].
*  1946   &ndash; The [[Constituent Assembly of India]] meets for the first time to write the [[Constitution of India]].
*[[1948]] &ndash; The [[Genocide Convention]] is adopted.
*[[1950]] &ndash; [[Cold War]]: [[Harry Gold]] is sentenced to 30 years in jail for helping [[Klaus Fuchs]] pass information about the [[Manhattan Project]] to the [[Soviet Union]]. His testimony is later instrumental in the prosecution of [[Julius and Ethel Rosenberg]].
*[[1953]] &ndash; [[Second Red Scare|Red Scare]]: [[General Electric]] announces that all [[communist]] employees will be discharged from the company.
*[[1956]] &ndash; [[Trans-Canada Air Lines Flight 810-9]], a [[Canadair North Star]], crashes near [[Hope, British Columbia]], Canada, killing all 62 people on board.
*1956   &ndash; An [[Aeroflot]] [[Lisunov Li-2]] [[1956 Anadyr Li-2 crash|crashes]] near Anadyr, killing all 12 people on board.<ref>{{cite web |title=Li-2 c/n 18435609 |url=https://www.scramble.nl/database/soviet/details/115_73346 |access-date=2024-12-02 |website=Scramble Soviet Transport Database}}</ref>
*[[1960]] &ndash; The first episode of ''[[Coronation Street]]'', the world's longest-running television [[soap opera]], is broadcast in the United Kingdom.
*[[1961]] &ndash; [[Tanganyika (1961–1964)|Tanganyika]] becomes independent from Britain.
*[[1965]] &ndash; [[Kecksburg UFO incident]]: A fireball is seen from Michigan to Pennsylvania; with witnesses reporting something crashing in the woods near Pittsburgh.
*[[1968]] &ndash; [[Douglas Engelbart]] gave what became known as "[[The Mother of All Demos]]", publicly debuting the [[computer mouse]], [[hypertext]], and the bit-mapped [[graphical user interface]] using the [[NLS (computer system)|oN-Line System (NLS)]].
*[[1969]] &ndash; U.S. Secretary of State [[William P. Rogers]] proposes [[Rogers Plan|his plan]] for a ceasefire in the [[War of Attrition]]; Egypt and Jordan accept it over the objections of the [[Palestine Liberation Organization|PLO]], which leads to [[Black September in Jordan|civil war in Jordan]] in September 1970.
*[[1971]] &ndash; [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1971|Indo-Pakistani War]]: The [[Indian Air Force]] executes [[Meghna Heli Bridge|an airdrop]] of [[Indian Army]] units, bypassing Pakistani defences.
*[[1973]] &ndash; British and Irish authorities sign the [[Sunningdale Agreement]] in an attempt to establish a power-sharing [[Executive of the 1974 Northern Ireland Assembly|Northern Ireland Executive]] and a cross-border [[Council of Ireland]].
*[[1979]] &ndash; The eradication of the [[smallpox]] [[virus]] is certified, making smallpox the first of only two diseases that have been driven to extinction (with [[rinderpest]] in 2011 being the other).
*[[1987]] &ndash; [[Israeli–Palestinian conflict]]: The [[First Intifada]] begins in the [[Gaza Strip]] and [[West Bank]].
*[[1992]] &ndash; American troops land in [[Somalia]] for [[Unified Task Force|Operation Restore Hope]]. 
*[[1996]] &ndash; [[Female toplessness in Canada#Gwen Jacob|Gwen Jacob is acquitted]] of committing an indecent act, giving women the right to be topless in Ontario, Canada.<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 9, 1996 |title=Judgment C12668, R. vs. Jacob |url=http://www.canlii.org/en/on/onca/doc/1996/1996canlii1119/1996canlii1119.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130412011458/http://www.canlii.org/en/on/onca/doc/1996/1996canlii1119/1996canlii1119.html |archive-date=April 12, 2013}}</ref>
*[[2003]] &ndash; A [[2003 Red Square bombing|blast]] in the center of Moscow kills six people and wounds several more.
*[[2006]] &ndash; [[Space Shuttle program]]: [[Space Shuttle Discovery|Space Shuttle ''Discovery'']] is launched on [[STS-116]] carrying the [[Integrated Truss Structure|P5 truss]] segment of the [[International Space Station]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Harwood |first=William |date=December 9, 2006 |title=Update: Discovery rockets into orbit |work=CBS News |url=http://www.cbsnews.com/network/news/space/116/STS-116_Archive.html |url-status=live |access-date=August 29, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140422001822/http://www.cbsnews.com/network/news/space/116/STS-116_Archive.html |archive-date=April 22, 2014}}</ref>
*[[2008]] &ndash; [[Governor of Illinois]] [[Rod Blagojevich]] is arrested by federal officials for crimes including attempting to sell the [[United States Senate|U.S. Senate]] seat being vacated by [[President-elect of the United States|President-elect]] [[Barack Obama]].
*[[2012]] &ndash; [[2012 Mexico Learjet 25 crash|A plane crash]] in Mexico kills seven people including singer [[Jenni Rivera]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.today.com/popculture/u-s-mexican-singer-jenni-rivera-feared-dead-plane-crash-wbna50139715 |title=U.S.-Mexican singer Jenni Rivera feared dead in plane crash |date= 10 December 2012|access-date=25 January 2019 |work=[[NBC News]] |agency=[[Reuters]]}}</ref>
*[[2013]] &ndash; At least seven are dead and 63 are injured following a [[2013 Bintaro train crash|train accident]] near Bintaro, [[Indonesia]].
*[[2016]] &ndash; President [[Park Geun-hye]] of South Korea is [[Impeachment of Park Geun-hye|impeached]] by the country's National Assembly in response to a major political scandal.
*  2016   &ndash; At least 57 people are killed and a further 177 injured when two schoolgirl suicide bombers attack a market area in [[Madagali]], [[Adamawa State|Adamawa]], Nigeria in the [[Madagali suicide bombings]].
*[[2017]] &ndash; The [[Marriage Amendment (Definition and Religious Freedoms) Act 2017|Marriage Amendment Bill]] receives royal assent and comes into effect, making [[Australia]] the 26th country to legalize [[same-sex marriage]].
*[[2019]] &ndash; A volcano on [[Whakaari / White Island]], [[New Zealand]], kills 22 people after it [[2019 Whakaari / White Island eruption|erupts]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2019-12-09 |title=New Zealand volcano: 'No sign of life' after White Island eruption |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-50715047 |access-date=2019-12-09 |work=BBC News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.tvnz.co.nz/one-news/new-zealand/german-man-dies-following-whakaari-white-island-eruption-bringing-death-toll-22 |title=German man dies following Whakaari/White Island eruption, bringing death toll to 22 |date=26 November 2020}}</ref>
* [[2021]] &ndash; Fifty-five people are killed and more than 100 injured when a truck with 160 migrants from [[Central America]] overturned in [[Chiapas]], [[Mexico]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dozens killed in Mexico road accident|url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/12/09/americas/mexico-road-accident-intl-hnk/index.html|access-date=2021-12-12|website=CNN|date=10 December 2021 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Lopez|first=Oscar|date=2021-12-10|title=Mexico Migrant Truck Crash Leaves at Least 54 Dead|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/12/09/world/americas/mexico-migrants-killed-accident.html|access-date=2021-12-12|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-12-10|title=Al menos 55 muertos en el accidente de un camión en México que transportaba migrantes centroamericanos|url=https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-america-latina-59603693|access-date=2021-12-12|website=BBC News Mundo|language=es}}</ref>