Editing Dinesh D'Souza (section)

====''The End of Racism''====
In 1995, D'Souza published ''The End of Racism'', in which he claimed that exaggerated claims of racism are holding back progress among African Americans in the United States. He defended the Southern slave owners and said, "The American slave was treated like property, which is to say, pretty well."<ref>{{cite book|title=The End of Racism: Finding Values In An Age Of Technoaffluence|publisher=Simon and Schuster|year=1996|page=91|first=Dinesh|last=D'Souza|isbn=978-0-684-82524-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QNV3XwST4WIC&pg=PA91}}</ref> D'Souza also called for a repeal of the [[Civil Rights Act of 1964]], and argued: "Given the intensity of black rage and its appeal to a wide constituency, whites are right to be nervous. Black rage is a response to black suffering and failure, and reflects the irresistible temptation to attribute African American problems to a history of white racist oppression."<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|last=Heilbrunn|first=Jacob|date=May 31, 2018|title=Trump Pardoned Dinesh D'Souza to Troll Liberals|url=https://politi.co/2Jm9Ta6|access-date=2021-06-20|website=[[Politico]]|language=en}}</ref>

A reviewer for ''[[The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education]]'' responded to the book by posting a list of 16 recent racist incidents against black people.<ref>{{cite journal|journal=[[The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education]]|title=Dinesh D'Souza's Race Merchants|volume=9|year=1995|issue=9|page=16|doi=10.2307/2962605|jstor=2962605}}</ref> [[Michael Bérubé]], in a lengthy review article, referred to the book as "encyclopedic pseudoscience", calling it illogical and saying some of the book's policy recommendations are [[fascist]]; he stated that it is "so egregious an affront to human decency as to set a new and sorry standard for 'intellectual'".<ref>{{cite journal|title=Review: Extreme Prejudice; Rev. of ''The End of Racism'' by Dinesh D'Souza|author-link=Michael Bérubé|first=Michael|last=Bérubé|journal=Transition|volume=69|year=1996|pages=90–98|jstor=2935241}}</ref>

The book was also panned by many other critics: John David Smith, in ''[[The Journal of Southern History]]'', said D'Souza claims blacks are inferior and opines that "D'Souza bases his terribly insensitive, reactionary polemic on sound bite statistical and historical evidence, frequently gleaned out of context and patched together illogically. His book is flawed because he ignores the complex causes and severity of white racism, misrepresents [[Cultural relativism|Boas's arguments]], and undervalues the matrix of ignorance, fear, and long-term economic inequality that he dubs black cultural pathology. How, according to his own logic, can allegedly inferior people uplift themselves without government assistance?" He adds that D'Souza's "biased diatribe trivializes serious pathologies, white and black, and adds little to our understanding of America's painful racial dilemma".<ref>{{cite journal|title=Review of ''The End of Racism'' by Dinesh D'Souza|first=John David|last=Smith|journal=[[The Journal of Southern History]]|volume=62|issue=3|year=1996|pages=640–43|doi=10.2307/2211572|jstor=2211572}}</ref>

The prepublication version of the book contained a chapter dedicated to those portrayed by D'Souza as authentic racists, including many [[Paleoconservatism|paleoconservatives]], such as prominent philosopher and [[Washington times|''The Washington Times'']] editor [[Samuel T. Francis]], to whom he attributed several false quotes at the inaugural [[American Renaissance (magazine)|''American Renaissance'']] conference. A column by D'Souza in ''[[The Washington Post]]'' containing this material led to Francis being fired.<ref>Dinesh D'Souza, "Racism: It's a White (and Black) Thing", ''[[The Washington Post]]'', September 24, 1995.</ref> D'Souza's account of Francis's speech was contradicted by video of the event. American Renaissance organizer [[Jared Taylor]] took legal action against D'Souza for several false claims, including that speakers had used racial slurs, resulting in publisher [[Free Press (publisher)|Free Press]] canceling the initial run and forcing D'Souza to rewrite portions of the book. Some observers, such as [[The Baltimore Sun|''Baltimore Sun'']] writer [[Gregory Kane (journalist)|Gregory Kane]] noted that D'Souza's book bore many similarities to Taylor's 1992 work ''Paved with Good Intentions,'' despite D'Souza accusing Taylor of racism''.''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stigmatizing blacks rightly draws fire |url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1999-06-26-9906270231-story.html |access-date=2022-04-15 |website=Baltimore Sun |date=June 26, 1999 |language=en |archive-date=May 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220531051424/https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1999-06-26-9906270231-story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Many right-wing critics, such as [[Lawrence Auster]], believed that D'Souza was attacking Francis and others to protect himself from accusations of racism.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Racism Debate |url=https://www.americanheritage.com/our-racism-debate-0 |access-date=2022-04-15 |website=American Heritage |language=en |archive-date=May 31, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220531091452/https://www.americanheritage.com/our-racism-debate-0 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Race and Reality |language=en-US |newspaper=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/opinions/1995/10/07/race-and-reality/b3e42928-753d-4dac-8588-7cf5b04143cd/ |access-date=2022-04-15 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2007-01-14 |title=The Castaway |url=https://americasfuture.org/the-castaway/ |access-date=2022-04-15 |website=America's Future |language=en-US |archive-date=May 21, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220521070115/https://americasfuture.org/the-castaway/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Washington Examiner recycles Dinesh D'Souza's smear of Samuel Francis |url=http://www.amnation.com/vfr/archives/003112.html |access-date=2022-04-15 |website=www.amnation.com |archive-date=August 11, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220811092455/http://www.amnation.com/vfr/archives/003112.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[Paul Finkelman]] commented on what he called D'Souza's trivialization of racism. In a review article called "The Rise of the New Racism", Finkelman stated that much of what D'Souza says is untrue, and much is only partially true, and described the book as being "like a parody of scholarship, where selected 'facts' are pulled out of any recognizable context, and used to support a particular viewpoint". In Finkelman's opinion, the book exemplifies a "new racism", which "(1) denies the history of racial oppression in America; (2) rejects biological racism in favor of an attack on black culture; and (3) supports formal, de jure equality in order to attack civil rights laws that prohibit private discrimination and in order to undermine any public policies that might monitor equality and give it substantive meaning".<ref>{{cite journal|title=Review: The Rise of the New Racism; Rev. of ''The End of Racism'' by Dinesh D'Souza|first=Paul|last=Finkelman|author-link=Paul Finkelman|journal=[[Yale Law & Policy Review]]|volume=15|issue=1|year=1996|pages=245–82|jstor=40239481}}</ref>

The conservative black economist [[Glenn Loury]] severed his ties with the [[American Enterprise Institute]] over the organization's role in the publication of the book. Loury wrote that the book "violated canons of civility and commonality", with D'Souza "determined to place poor, urban blacks outside the orbit of American civilization."<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Prashad|first=Vijay|date=2019-02-13|title=Anti-D'Souza: The Ends of Racism and the Asian American|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.17953/amer.24.1.a9091q81w3546q17|journal=Amerasia Journal|volume=24|issue=1 |pages=23–40|language=en|doi=10.17953/amer.24.1.a9091q81w3546q17|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=L. Riley|first=Jason|date=2002-03-04|title=A Black Intellectual Takes It All Back|language=en-US|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB1015202837873661920|access-date=2021-01-19|issn=0099-9660|archive-date=January 27, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210127210538/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB1015202837873661920|url-status=live}}</ref>