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Discursive psychology
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==Applications of DP: spoken and textual approaches== In the past few years, one particular strand of discursive psychology has focused its analytic gaze on spoken interaction. As a consequence, it has relied heavily on (but also contributed to the development of) the principles and practices of [[Conversation Analysis|conversation analysis]]. Focusing on material drawn from real world situations such as [[relationship counselling]], [[child protection]] helplines, neighbour disputes and family mealtimes, it has asked questions such as: How does a party in relationship counselling construct the problem as something that the other party needs to work on? How does a child protection officer working on a child protection helpline manage the possibly competing tasks of soothing a crying caller and simultaneously eliciting evidence sufficient for [[social services]] to intervene to help an [[Child abuse|abused]] child? And what makes a parent's request to a child to eat different from a directive, and different in turn from a threat? Although most recent DP oriented studies take talk-in-interaction as their primary data, it is not difficult to locate another strand of DP-related research in which texts are approached as sites for the active literary/narratorial management of matters such as agency, intent, doubt, culpability, belief, prejudice, and so on.<ref>[https://www.academia.edu/8253156/A_forgotten_legacy_Towards_a_discursive_psychology_of_the_media Attenborough, F. (2015, forthcoming) A forgotten legacy? Towards a disursive psychology of the media, in C. Tileaga, E. Stokoe (eds.) Discursive Psychology: Classic and Contemporary Issues. London: Routledge.]</ref><ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1111/j.1467-9566.2008.01130.x | pmid=18983421 | volume=31 | issue=2 | title=Doing being 'on the edge': managing the dilemma of being authentically suicidal in an online forum | year=2009 | journal=Sociology of Health & Illness | pages=170β184 | last1 = Horne | first1 = Judith| doi-access= }}</ref> One of the founding studies for this kind of textual approach was "Who killed the Princess? Description and Blame in the British Print Press" by Derek Edwards and Katie MacMillan.<ref>{{cite journal | last1=Macmillan | first1=Katie | last2=Edwards | first2=Derek | title=Who Killed the Princess? Description and Blame in the British Press | journal=Discourse Studies | publisher=SAGE Publications | volume=1 | issue=2 | year=1999 | issn=1461-4456 | doi=10.1177/1461445699001002002 | pages=151β174| s2cid=145237436 }}</ref> The "generally applicable discourse analytic approach" articulated and demonstrated therein has proved particularly useful for the study of media texts.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |doi = 10.1075/jlac.2.2.01att|title = Rape is rape (Except when it's not): The media, recontextualisation and violence against women|journal = Journal of Language Aggression and Conflict|volume = 2|issue = 2|pages = 183β203|year = 2014}}</ref> Whereas traditional DP studies explore the situated, occasioned, rhetorical use of our rich common sense psychological lexicon across various forms of spoken data, this newer form of textual DP shows that and how authors use that same lexicon in order to present themselves (or others) as individuals and/or members of larger collectives that are (ab)normal, (ir)rational, (un)reasonable, etc.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Ashmore | first1 = M | year = 1993 | title = The Theatre of the Blind | journal = Social Studies of Science | volume = 23 | issue = 1| pages = 67β106 | doi=10.1177/030631293023001003| s2cid = 143770755 }}</ref> This approach has proved particularly productive in an age marked by the growth in usage of social media,<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=McGeechan|first1=Grant J.|last2=James|first2=Becky|last3=Burke|first3=Shani|date=2021-03-04|title='Well that's the most ridiculous thing I have ever heard! No excuse'. A discourse analysis of social media users' othering of non-attenders for cervical screening|journal=Psychology & Health|volume=36|issue=3|pages=290β306|doi=10.1080/08870446.2020.1772258|issn=0887-0446|pmid=32456477|doi-access=free}}</ref> SMS texts, photo messaging apps, blogs/vlogs, YouTube, interactive websites (etc.): never before have so many opportunities for explicitly public, accountably interactional and rhetorically motivated invocations of psychological terms been available to so many people.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Sneijder | first1 = P. | last2 = te Molder | first2 = H. | s2cid = 145163445 | year = 2005 | title = Moral logic and logical morality: attributions of responsibility and blame in online discourse on veganism | journal = Discourse and Society | volume = 16 | issue = 5| pages = 675β696 | doi=10.1177/0957926505054941}}</ref>
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