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===Living species=== {| class="wikitable" |+ style="text-align: centre;" | ! Name ! Size ! Appearance ! Distribution ! Image |- | [[African bush elephant]] (''Loxodonta africana'') | '''Male''': {{cvt|304|-|336|cm|ftin|0|abbr=on}} (shoulder height), {{cvt|5.2|-|6.9|MT|ST|1|abbr=on}} (weight); '''Female''': {{cvt|247|-|273|cm|ftin|0|abbr=on}} (shoulder height), {{cvt|2.6|-|3.5|MT|ST|1|abbr=on}} (weight).<ref name="Larramendi, A. 2015">{{cite journal |author=Larramendi, A. |year=2015 |title=Shoulder height, body mass and shape of proboscideans |journal=Acta Palaeontologica Polonica |doi=10.4202/app.00136.2014 |doi-access=free}}</ref> | Relatively large and triangular ears, concave back, diamond shaped molar ridges, wrinkled skin, sloping abdomen, and two finger-like extensions at the tip of the trunk.<ref name=Shoshani38>Shoshani, pp. 38β41.</ref> | [[Sub-Saharan Africa]]; forests, savannahs, deserts, wetlands, and near lakes.<ref name=Shoshani42>Shoshani, pp. 42β51.</ref> |[[File:African Elephant (Loxodonta africana) male (17289351322).jpg|200px]] |- | [[African forest elephant]] (''Loxodonta cyclotis'') | {{cvt|209|-|231|cm|ftin|0|abbr=on}} (shoulder height), {{cvt|1.7|-|2.3|MT|ST|1|abbr=on}} (weight).<ref name="Larramendi, A. 2015"/> | Similar to the bush species, but with smaller and more rounded ears and thinner and straighter tusks.<ref name=Shoshani38/><ref name=Shoshani42 /> | [[West Africa|West]] and [[Central Africa]]; [[Atlantic Equatorial coastal forests|equatorial forests]], but occasionally [[gallery forest]]s and forest/grassland [[ecotone]]s.<ref name=Shoshani42 /> |[[File:Loxodontacyclotis.jpg|200px]] |- | [[Asian elephant]] (''Elephas maximus'') | '''Male''': {{cvt|261|-|289|cm|ftin|0|abbr=on}} (shoulder height), {{cvt|3.5|-|4.6|MT|ST|1|abbr=on}} (weight); '''Female''': {{cvt|228|-|252|cm|ftin|0|abbr=on}} (shoulder height), {{cvt|2.3|-|3.1|MT|ST|1|abbr=on}} (weight).<ref name="Larramendi, A. 2015"/> | Relatively small ears, convex or level back, dish-shaped forehead with two large bumps, narrow molar ridges, smooth skin with some blotches of [[depigmentation]], a straightened or saggy abdomen, and one extension at the tip of the trunk.<ref name=Shoshani38/> |[[South Asia|South]] and [[Southeast Asia]]; habitats with a mix of grasses, low woody plants, and trees, including dry [[Deccan thorn scrub forests|thorn-scrub forests]] in southern India and Sri Lanka and [[evergreen forest]]s in [[Malay Peninsula|Malaya]].<ref name=Shoshani42/><ref name=Asian>{{cite journal|author1=Shoshani, J.|author2=Eisenberg, J. F.|year=1982|title=''Elephas maximus''|journal=Mammalian Species|issue=182|pages=1β8|url=http://www.science.smith.edu/msi/pdf/i0076-3519-182-01-0001.pdf|jstor=3504045|doi=10.2307/3504045|access-date=27 October 2012|archive-date=24 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924121940/http://www.science.smith.edu/msi/pdf/i0076-3519-182-01-0001.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> |[[File:Elephas maximus (Bandipur).jpg|200px]] |}
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