Editing Elizabeth Siddal (section)

==Relationship with Rossetti==
[[File:Dante Gabriel Rossetti - Elizabeth Siddal Seated at an Easel.jpg|thumb|Rossetti's 1852 drawing of Siddal painting]]
[[Dante Gabriel Rossetti]] met Siddal in 1849, probably while they both modelled for Deverell.{{sfn |Rossetti |Rossetti |Hartley |1903 |p=[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/gri.ark:/13960/t9q30bv43?urlappend=%3Bseq=360 274]}} Rossetti gave Siddal the nickname "Lizzie" when she entered the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood circle, and "the diminutive enhanced her youthful, dependent role".{{sfn |Marsh |1988 |pp=64–82}} By 1851 or 1852, they became engaged.{{sfn|Rossetti|Rossetti|Hartley|1903|p=[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/gri.ark:/13960/t9q30bv43?urlappend=%3Bseq=363 277]}}<ref name="Museum 1999">{{cite web |date=1999-12-15 |title=Elizabeth Siddal – Rossetti, Dante Gabriel |url=https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O15042/elizabeth-siddal-drawing-rossetti-dante-gabriel/ |access-date=2023-05-07 |website=Victoria and Albert Museum: Explore the Collections |archive-date=7 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230507194915/https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O15042/elizabeth-siddal-drawing-rossetti-dante-gabriel/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Siddal had also become Rossetti's main model and [[Muse (source of inspiration)|muse]], and he stopped her from modelling for others.<ref name="Jargalsaikhan 2022">{{cite web |last=Jargalsaikhan |first=Bolor |title=Women in Rossetti's Life and Art: Muses and Lovers |website=DailyArt Magazine |date=2022-08-28 |url=https://www.dailyartmagazine.com/women-in-rossettis-art/ |access-date=2023-04-10 |archive-date=10 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230410045605/https://www.dailyartmagazine.com/women-in-rossettis-art/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 1852, Siddal began to study with Rossetti. She started staying at his Chatham Place residence, sometimes with him and sometimes by herself.{{sfn |Hawksley |2004 |p=[https://archive.org/details/lizziesiddaltrag0000hawk_c8a2/page/48/mode/2up 48]}} They subsequently became anti-social and absorbed in each other's affections.<ref name="Evemy 2022">{{cite web |last=Evemy |first=Benjamin Blake |title=Elizabeth Siddal: A Life Overshadowed by Death |website=MutualArt |date=2022-10-07 |url=https://www.mutualart.com/Article/Elizabeth-Siddal--A-Life-Overshadowed-by/87BA8C89FF44B5B6 |access-date=2023-04-22 |archive-date=22 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422045232/https://www.mutualart.com/Article/Elizabeth-Siddal--A-Life-Overshadowed-by/87BA8C89FF44B5B6 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="The Economic Times 2019">{{cite web |title=Picasso Isn't The Only One: Artists Who Shared A Troubled Bond With Their Muse |website=The Economic Times |date=2019-07-11 |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/picasso-isnt-the-only-one-artists-who-shared-a-troubled-bond-with-their-muse/elizabeth-siddal-and-dante-gabriel-rossetti/slideshow/70168546.cms |at=5/6 Elizabeth Siddal And Dante Gabriel Rossetti |access-date=2023-04-22 |archive-date=22 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230422045232/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/picasso-isnt-the-only-one-artists-who-shared-a-troubled-bond-with-their-muse/elizabeth-siddal-and-dante-gabriel-rossetti/slideshow/70168546.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> They coined affectionate nicknames for one another, such as "Guggums" or "Gug"<ref name="Gere 1994">{{harvnb |Gere |1994 |p=[https://archive.org/details/preraphaelitedra0000brit/page/32/mode/2up 32]}}</ref> and "Dove", the latter one of Rossetti's names for Siddal.<ref name="Lowell Libson & Jonny Yarker Ltd 2012">{{cite web |title=Dante Gabriel Rossetti: Elizabeth Siddal having her hair combed – Pictures |website=Lowell Libson & Jonny Yarker Ltd |date=2012-04-12 |url=https://www.libson-yarker.com/pictures/elizabeth-sidal-having-her-hair-combed |access-date=2023-04-07 |archive-date=7 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407001907/https://www.libson-yarker.com/pictures/elizabeth-sidal-having-her-hair-combed |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Art Institute of Chicago 2018">{{cite web |last=Rossetti |first=Dante Gabriel |title=Beata Beatrix |website=The Art Institute of Chicago |date=2018-01-21 |url=https://www.artic.edu/artworks/16551/beata-beatrix |access-date=2023-04-07 |archive-date=7 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407003407/https://www.artic.edu/artworks/16551/beata-beatrix |url-status=live }}</ref> He also shortened the spelling of her surname to Siddal, dropping the second ''l''.<ref name="Rossetti Rossetti Hartley 1903"/><ref name="Library, Museums and Press – Online Exhibitions">{{cite web |title=The Passions of Artists and Models – Victorian Passions: Stories from the Mark Samuels Lasner Collection |website=Library, Museums and Press – Online Exhibitions |url=https://exhibitions.lib.udel.edu/victorian-passions/home/the-passions-of-artists-and-models/ |access-date=2023-04-26 |archive-date=30 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230430084731/https://exhibitions.lib.udel.edu/victorian-passions/home/the-passions-of-artists-and-models/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

During this period, Rossetti's most abundant and personal works were his pencil sketches of Siddal at home, most of which he entitled simply "Elizabeth Siddal".<ref name="Gere 1994"/>{{sfn |Surtees |1971 |pp=[https://archive.org/details/paintingsdrawing0001surt/page/188/mode/2up 189]–[https://archive.org/details/paintingsdrawing0001surt/page/196/mode/2up 197]}} He portrayed Siddal in moments of leisure, such as reading, sitting,<ref name="Bradley 1992 p=136" /> or in repose,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Portrait of Elizabeth Siddal Resting, Holding a Parasol (The J. Paul Getty Museum Collection) |url=https://www.getty.edu/art/collection/object/103R8V |access-date=2023-05-07 |website=The J. Paul Getty Museum Collection |archive-date=7 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230507202739/https://www.getty.edu/art/collection/object/103R8V |url-status=live }}</ref> or when painting or drawing.<ref name="Bradley 1992 p=136" /><ref name="Wood 2014">{{cite web |last=Wood |first=T. Martin |title=The Project Gutenberg eBook of Drawings of D. G. Rossetti |website=Project Gutenberg |date=2014-06-24 |url=https://www.gutenberg.org/files/46087/46087-h/46087-h.htm#Page_xx |access-date=2023-05-07 |page=xx |archive-date=12 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200212125050/http://www.gutenberg.org/files/46087/46087-h/46087-h.htm#Page_xx |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Kong 2018">{{cite journal |last=Kong |first=Sharon |title=Smitten by the Casual Glance of a Pair of Sparking Eyes |journal=Voces Novae Chapman University Historical Review |volume=5 |issue=3 |publisher=Chapman University |date=2018-04-26 |url=https://digitalcommons.chapman.edu/vocesnovae/vol5/iss1/3 |access-date=2023-05-06 |oclc=9788824049 |archive-date=9 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230509042248/https://digitalcommons.chapman.edu/vocesnovae/vol5/iss1/3/ |url-status=live }}</ref> She also became the subject of much of Rossetti's poetry throughout their relationship and particularly after her death.{{sfn |Sonstroem |1970 |pp=[https://archive.org/details/rossettifairlady0000sons/page/44/mode/2up 45], [https://archive.org/details/rossettifairlady0000sons/page/98/mode/2up 99]&ndash;[https://archive.org/details/rossettifairlady0000sons/page/100/mode/2up 100], [https://archive.org/details/rossettifairlady0000sons/page/106/mode/2up 107], [https://archive.org/details/rossettifairlady0000sons/page/138/mode/2up 138], [https://archive.org/details/rossettifairlady0000sons/page/174/mode/2up 175]}}<ref name="Remoortel 2008 pp. 467–486">{{cite journal |last=Remoortel |first=Marianne van |title=Metaphor and Maternity: Dante Gabriel Rossetti's |journal=Victorian Poetry |publisher=West Virginia University Press |volume=46 |issue=4 |year=2008 |issn=0042-5206 |jstor=40347045 |pages=467–486 |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/40347045 |access-date=2023-05-04 |archive-date=5 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230505000005/https://www.jstor.org/stable/40347045 |url-status=live }}</ref> Rossetti became obsessive in portraying Siddal.<ref name="Stewart 2007">{{cite web |last=Stewart |first=Doug |title=Incurably Romantic |website=Smithsonian Magazine |date=2007-02-01 |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/incurably-romantic-145378024/ |access-date=2023-05-04 |archive-date=5 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230505000001/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/incurably-romantic-145378024/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Kennedy 2021">{{cite web |last=Kennedy |first=Maev |title=Rossetti paints us a (sometimes not so) pretty picture in exhibition devoted to artist's portraits |website=The Art Newspaper – International art news and events |date=2021-09-22 |url=https://www.theartnewspaper.com/2021/09/22/rossetti-paints-us-a-sometimes-not-so-pretty-picture-in-exhibition-devoted-to-artists-portraits |access-date=2023-05-04 |archive-date=5 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230505000009/https://www.theartnewspaper.com/2021/09/22/rossetti-paints-us-a-sometimes-not-so-pretty-picture-in-exhibition-devoted-to-artists-portraits |url-status=live }}</ref> It has been estimated that there are thousands of Rossetti's drawings, paintings, and poems in which Siddal was a subject.{{sfn |Hawksley |2001 |p=[https://archive.org/details/essentialpreraph0000hawk/page/96/mode/2up 96]}}

Beginning in 1853, Rossetti used Siddal as a model for a series of [[Dante Alighieri|Dante]]-themed paintings, including ''The First Anniversary of the Death of Beatrice'' (1852), ''Beatrice Meeting Dante at a Marriage Feast, Denies him her Salutation'' (1851), ''Dante's Vision of Rachel and Leah'' (1855), and, perhaps his most famous portrait of her, ''[[Beata Beatrix]]'' (1864–1870), which he painted as a memorial after her death.<ref name="Art Institute of Chicago 2018"/>

As Siddal came from a working-class family, Rossetti feared introducing her to his family.{{sfn |Hawksley |2004 |pp=[https://archive.org/details/lizziesiddaltrag0000hawk_c8a2/page/104/mode/2up 105]–[https://archive.org/details/lizziesiddaltrag0000hawk_c8a2/page/106/mode/2up 107]}} Siddal was the victim of harsh criticism from his sisters.{{sfn |Hawksley |2004 |pp=[https://archive.org/details/lizziesiddaltrag0000hawk_c8a2/page/30/mode/2up 30]–[https://archive.org/details/lizziesiddaltrag0000hawk_c8a2/page/32/mode/2up 33], [https://archive.org/details/lizziesiddaltrag0000hawk_c8a2/page/106/mode/2up 106]}} The knowledge that his family would not approve contributed to Rossetti's delaying the marriage.{{sfn |Hawksley |2004 |p=[https://archive.org/details/lizziesiddaltrag0000hawk_c8a2/page/30/mode/2up 31]}} Siddal appears to have believed, with some justification, that Rossetti was always seeking to replace her with a younger muse, which contributed to her later depressive periods and illness.{{sfn |Hawksley |2004 |pp=[https://archive.org/details/lizziesiddaltrag0000hawk_c8a2/page/150/mode/2up 150]–[https://archive.org/details/lizziesiddaltrag0000hawk_c8a2/page/152/mode/2up 152]}} Although Ruskin urged Rossetti to marry in 1855,{{sfn |Rossetti |Rossetti |Hartley |1903 |p=[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/gri.ark:/13960/t9q30bv43?urlappend=%3Bseq=375 291]}} their relationship deteriorated: the reasons probably included Siddal's ill-health,<ref name="Boyle 2019">{{cite news |last=Boyle |first=Emily |title=A picture of ill-health: the illness of Elizabeth Siddal |newspaper=Hektoen International – an Online Medical Humanities Journal |date=2019-04-19 |url=https://hekint.org/2019/04/19/a-picture-of-ill-health-the-illness-of-elizabeth-siddal/ |access-date=2023-04-29 |issn=2155-3017 |oclc=621429987 |archive-date=29 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230429141134/https://hekint.org/2019/04/19/a-picture-of-ill-health-the-illness-of-elizabeth-siddal/ |url-status=live }}</ref> her laudanum addiction,{{sfn |Hawksley |2004 |p=[https://archive.org/details/lizziesiddaltrag0000hawk_c8a2/page/64/mode/2up 64]}} Rossetti's philandering,<ref name="Hawksley 2020"/><ref name="Boyle 2019"/> Rossetti's lack of funds,{{sfn |Hawksley |2004 |p=[https://archive.org/details/lizziesiddaltrag0000hawk_c8a2/page/66/mode/2up 66]}} the aforementioned disapproval of the Rossetti family,{{sfn |Hawksley |2004 |p=[https://archive.org/details/lizziesiddaltrag0000hawk_c8a2/page/30/mode/2up 31]}} and Rossetti's probable aversion to marriage in general.{{sfn |Hawksley |2004 |p=[https://archive.org/details/lizziesiddaltrag0000hawk_c8a2/page/66/mode/2up 67]}}

In 1857, Siddal gave up her stipend from Ruskin<ref name="McLaren 2023"/> and went to Sheffield, the birth place of her father, to attend the [[Sheffield School of Art|school of art]] there.{{sfn |Marsh |1988 |p=72}} She moved in with her cousin's family.{{sfn |Hunt |1932 |pp=[https://archive.org/details/wifeofrossettihe000646mbp/page/n283/mode/2up 203]&ndash;[https://archive.org/details/wifeofrossettihe000646mbp/page/n285/mode/2up 204]}}{{efn|The father in this family was {{ill|William Ibbett (artist)|qid=Q21465597|short=y|lt=William Ibbett}}, an artist and [[silver-chaser]]{{sfn|Odom|1926|pp=[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/wu.89079714432?urlappend=%3Bseq=231%3Bownerid=13510798899481470-263 215]}} and his son was Willie Ibbett.{{sfn |Hunt |1932 |pp=[https://archive.org/details/wifeofrossettihe000646mbp/page/n283/mode/2up 203]&ndash;[https://archive.org/details/wifeofrossettihe000646mbp/page/n285/mode/2up 204]}} Alyssa Grady identifies the writer of the letter to the editor, "The Death of Mrs. D. G. {{sic|Rosetta|expected=Rossetti|hide=y}},"<ref name="Ibbitt 1862"/> signed "W.I", as William Ibbitt.{{sfn |Grady |2020}}}} A son of this family, Willie Ibbett, proposed to her, but she indicated that she was already engaged.{{sfn |Hunt |1932 |p=[https://archive.org/details/wifeofrossettihe000646mbp/page/n291/mode/2up 211]}} However, by mid-1858, Siddal and Rossetti appeared to be both done with their engagement{{sfn |Marsh |1988 |pp=64–82}}<ref name="arthistory.upenn.edu 2004">{{cite web |title=Rossetti-Elizabeth Siddal Playing the Cythern |website=arthistory.upenn.edu |date=2004-12-15 |url=https://www.arthistory.upenn.edu/ashmolean/Rossetti/Rossetti_entry.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230325235520/https://www.arthistory.upenn.edu/ashmolean/Rossetti/Rossetti_entry.html |archive-date=2023-03-25 |url-status=dead |access-date=2023-05-06}}</ref> and little is known about Siddal from that time until 1860.{{sfn |Hawksley |2004 |p=[https://archive.org/details/lizziesiddaltrag0000hawk_c8a2/page/156/mode/2up 157]}}
[[File:Dante Gabriel Rossetti - Regina Cordium (1860).jpg|thumb|''Regina Cordium'', Rossetti's 1860 marriage portrait of Siddal]]In Spring 1860, Siddal's family contacted Ruskin with the news that Siddal was gravely ill. Ruskin in turn informed Rossetti. Siddal was at the seaside resort of [[Hastings]]. In a change of heart, Rossetti hurried to her side that April with a marriage licence.<ref name="Hawksley 2020"/>{{sfn |Rossetti |Rossetti |Hartley |1903 |p=[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/gri.ark:/13960/t9q30bv43?urlappend=%3Bseq=368 284]}} Shortly before their marriage, Rossetti produced a famous portrait of Siddal, ''Regina Cordium'' or ''The Queen of Hearts ''(1860). This painting is a close-up, vibrantly coloured depiction of Siddal.<ref name="rossettiarchive.org s120">{{cite web |title=Regina Cordium |website=rossettiarchive.org |url=https://www.rossettiarchive.org/docs/s120.rap.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200225200016/https://www.rossettiarchive.org/docs/s120.rap.html |archive-date=25 February 2020 |url-status=dead}}</ref>{{sfn |Surtees |1971 |p=[https://archive.org/details/paintingsdrawing0001surt/page/75/mode/1up?q=Regina+Cordium 75]}}

Siddal and Rossetti married on Wednesday, 23 May 1860 at St. Clement's Church in Hastings. There were no family or friends present, only a couple of witnesses whom they had asked.{{sfn |Hawksley |2004 |p=[https://archive.org/details/lizziesiddaltrag0000hawk_c8a2/page/160/mode/2up 161]}} When Siddal's health improved, they honeymooned in Paris and Boulogne in the latter half of 1860,<ref name="Kong 2018"/> then returned to the Chatham Place residence that they expanded into an adjoining house.{{sfn |Marillier |1906 |p=[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/inu.39000009046280?urlappend=%3Bseq=55%3Bownerid=13510798902110198-73 49]}} Siddal became pregnant and appeared to be happier and healthier.<ref name="Kong 2018"/>