Editing En passant (section)

==History==
In early versions of chess, the pawn could not advance two squares on its first move. The two-square advance was introduced later, between the 13th and 16th centuries, to speed up games.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-06-03 |title=The Evolution of Modern Chess Rules: En Passant |url=https://new.uschess.org/news/evolution-modern-chess-rules-en-passant |access-date=2023-11-09 |website=US Chess.org |language=en}}</ref> The ''en passant'' capture may have been introduced at that time, or it may have come later; references to ''en passant'' captures appear in the books by the 16th-century Spanish chess master [[Ruy López de Segura]].<ref>{{cite book
 |last=Murray |first=H. J. R.|author-link=H. J. R. Murray
 |year=2012
 |orig-year=1913
 |title=[[A History of Chess]] 
 |page=815
 |publisher=Skyhorse
 |isbn= 978-1-62087-062-4}}</ref>

The ''en passant'' capture was one of the last major additions to European chess.{{efn|Other relatively recent rule changes include the addition of [[castling]], alterations to the abilities of the [[queen (chess)|queen]] and [[bishop (chess)|bishop]]<ref name="Davidson">{{citation 
 | last=Davidson
 | first=Henry
 | year=1949
 | title=A Short History of Chess
 | publisher=McKay
 | edition=1981 paperback 
 | isbn= 0-679-14550-8}}</ref>{{rp|14,16,57}} (Spanish [[chess master|master]] [[Ruy López de Segura]] gives the rule in his 1561 book ''[[Libro de la invencion liberal y arte del juego del axedrez]]''<ref name="Golombek">{{citation
 | last=Golombek | first=Harry |author-link=Harry Golombek
 | year=1977
 | title=Golombek's Encyclopedia of Chess
 | contribution=en passant, capture
 | publisher=Crown Publishing
 | isbn=0-517-53146-1}}
</ref>{{rp|108}}), and alterations to [[Promotion (chess)|promotion]].}}<ref name="Davidson"/>{{rp|16}} In some parts of Europe, particularly in Italy, there was no such rule; this was known as ''passar battaglia''. In 1880, Italy adopted the rules used by the rest of the world, including the ''en passant'' capture, in preparation for the 1881 Milan tournament.<ref name="Hooper">Hooper & Whyld (1996), pp. 124–25. ''en passant''.</ref>{{rp|124–125}}