Editing Engineering geology (section)

==Geohazards and adverse geological conditions==
Typical [[geologic hazards]] or other adverse conditions evaluated and mitigated by an [[engineering geologist]] include:
*[[Earthquake#Shaking and ground rupture|fault rupture]] on seismically active [[fault (geology)|faults]];
*[[seismic]] and [[earthquake]] hazards (ground shaking, [[liquefaction]], lurching, [[lateral spreading]], [[tsunami]] and [[seiche]] events);
*[[landslide]], [[mudflow]], [[rockfall]], [[debris flow]], and [[avalanche]] hazards;
*[[unstable slopes]] and [[slope stability]];
*[[erosion]];
*[[slaking (geology)|slaking]] and [[Degrees of freedom (mechanics)|heave]] of geologic formations, such as [[frost heaving]];
*ground [[subsidence]] (such as due to [[ground water]] withdrawal, [[sinkhole]] collapse, [[cave]] collapse, decomposition of organic soils, and [[tectonic]] movement);
*[[volcanic]] hazards ([[volcanic eruption]]s, [[hot springs]], [[pyroclastic flows]], [[debris flow]], [[debris avalanche]], [[Volcanic gas]] emissions, volcanic [[earthquakes]]);
*[[non-rippable]] or [[marginally rippable]] rock requiring heavy ripping or [[Rock blasting|blasting]];
*weak and collapsible soils, foundation bearing failures;
*shallow ground water/seepage; and
*other types of geologic constraints.

An engineering geologist or [[geophysicist]] may be called upon to evaluate the [[excavatability]] (i.e. [[rippability]]) of earth (rock) materials to assess the need for pre-[[Rock blasting|blasting]] during earthwork construction, as well as associated impacts due to [[oscillation|vibration]] during blasting on projects.