Editing Epidural administration (section)

=== Others ===
{{Main|Epidural steroid injection|Epidural blood patch}}

The injection of steroids into the epidural space is sometimes used to treat [[radiculopathy|nerve root pain]], [[radicular pain]] and [[inflammation]] caused by conditions such as [[spinal disc herniation]], [[degenerative disc disease]], and [[spinal stenosis]].<ref name="episteroid" /> The risk of complications from steroid administration is low and complications are usually minor. The specific drug, dose, and frequency of administration impacts the risk for and severity of complications. Complications of epidural steroid administration are similar to the side effects of steroids administered in other manners, and can include higher than normal blood sugar, especially in patients with [[type 2 diabetes]].<ref name="episteroid" />
An [[epidural blood patch]] consists of a small amount of a person's own blood is injected into the epidural space. This is done as a method of sealing a hole or leak in the epidural.<ref name="auto">{{Citation|last1=Tubben|first1=Robert E.|last2=Murphy|first2=Patrick B. |title=Epidural Blood Patch |date=2018 |url= https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482336/ |work=StatPearls|publisher=StatPearls Publishing|pmid=29493961|access-date=2018-10-31 }}</ref> The injected blood clots at the site of the puncture, closes the leak, and modulates CSF pressure.<ref>White, Benjamin; Lopez, Victor; Chason, David; Scott, David; Stehel, Edward; Moore, William (2019-03-28). [https://www.appliedradiology.com/communities/MR-Community/the-lumbar-epidural-blood-patch-a-primer The lumbar epidural blood patch: A Primer.] ''Applied Radiology''. '''48''' (2): 25–30.</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Nath|first1=Gita|last2=Subrahmanyam|first2=Maddirala|date=2011|title=Headache in the parturient: Pathophysiology and management of post-dural puncture headache|url=http://www.joacc.com/text.asp?2011/1/2/57/93988|journal=Journal of Obstetric Anaesthesia and Critical Care|language=en|volume=1|issue=2|pages=57|doi=10.4103/2249-4472.93988|issn=2249-4472|doi-access=free}}</ref>  This may be used to treat [[post-dural-puncture headache]] and leakage of [[cerebrospinal fluid]] due to dural puncture, which occurs in approximately 1.5% of epidural analgesia procedures.<ref name=":0">{{cite journal|vauthors=Silva M, Halpern SH|date=2010|title=Epidural analgesia for labor: Current techniques|journal=Local and Regional Anesthesia|volume=3|pages=143–53|doi=10.2147/LRA.S10237|pmc=3417963|pmid=23144567 |doi-access=free }}</ref>