Editing Essentialism (section)

====Human nature====
{{See also|Philosophical anthropology}}In the case of ''[[Homo sapiens]]'', the divergent conceptions of [[human nature]] may be partitioned into ''essentialist'' versus ''non-essentialist'' (or even ''anti-essentialist'') positions.<ref>[[Pojman, Louis]] (2006). ''Who are we? Theories of human nature.'' Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press</ref><ref>Kronfeldner, Maria; Roughley, Neil; Töpfer, Georg (2014) "Recent work on human nature: beyond traditional essences." ''Philos Compass'' 9:642–652</ref> Another established dichotomy is that of [[monism]] versus [[Pluralism (philosophy)|pluralism]] about the matter.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Agar |first1=Nicholas |title=Liberal Eugenics: In Defense of Human Enhancement |date=2004 |publisher=Wiley-Blackwell}}, p 41</ref>
{{Quote|text=Monism will demand that enhancement technologies be used to create humans as close as possible to the ideal state. [...] The Nazis would have proposed the list of characteristics for admission to the SS as the universal template for enhancement technologies. [[Biohappiness|Hedonistic utilitarianism]] is a less objectionable version of monism, according to which the best human life is one that contains as much pleasure and as little suffering as possible – but like Nazism, it leaves no room for meaningful choice about enhancement.|author=Nicholas Agar<ref>{{cite book |last1=Agar |first1=Nicholas |date=2004 |title=Liberal Eugenics: In Defense of Human Enhancement |publisher=Wiley-Blackwell}}, p 41</ref>}}