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Existence of God
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==== Non-personal definitions of God ==== In [[pantheism]], God and the universe are considered to be the same thing. In this view, the natural sciences are essentially studying the nature of God. This definition of God creates the philosophical problem that a universe with God and one without God are the same, other than the words used to describe it. [[Deism]] and [[panentheism]] assert that there is a God distinct from, or which extends beyond (either in time or in space or in some other way) the universe. These positions deny that God intervenes in the operation of the universe, including communicating with humans personally. The notion that God never intervenes or communicates with the universe, or may have evolved into the universe (as in [[pandeism]]), makes it difficult, if not by definition impossible, to distinguish between a universe with God and one without. The ''[[Ethics (Spinoza book)|Ethics]]'' of [[Philosophy of Baruch Spinoza#Substance of God|Baruch Spinoza]] gave two demonstrations of the existence of God.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Spinoza |first=Benedictus de |url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Ethics_(Spinoza)/Part_1 |title=Ethics |at=Part 1, Prop. 11}}</ref> The God of Spinoza is uncaused by any external force and has no [[free will]], it is not personal and not anthropomorphic.
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