Editing Fish migration (section)

==Other examples==
{{see also|Salmon run|Vertical migration|Lessepsian migration}}

Some of the best-known anadromous fishes are the [[Pacific salmon]] species, such as [[Chinook salmon|Chinook]] (king), [[Coho salmon|coho]] (silver), [[Chum salmon|chum]] (dog), [[Pink salmon|pink]] (humpback) and [[Sockeye salmon|sockeye]] (red) salmon.  These salmon hatch in small freshwater streams. From there they migrate to the sea to mature, living there for two to six years. When mature, the salmon return to the same streams where they were hatched to spawn. Salmon are capable of going hundreds of kilometers upriver, and humans must install [[fish ladder]]s in [[dam]]s to enable the salmon to get past. Other examples of anadromous fishes are [[sea trout]], [[three-spined stickleback]], [[sea lamprey]] and <ref name="Silva, S. 2014"/> [[shad]].

Several [[Pacific salmon]] (Chinook, coho and Steelhead) have been introduced into the US Great Lakes, and have become potamodromous, migrating between their natal waters to feeding grounds entirely within fresh water.

[[File:Lake Washington Ship Canal Fish Ladder pamphlet - life cycle chart.jpg|thumb|right|Life cycle of anadromous fish. From a U.S. Government pamphlet. (Click image to enlarge.)]]

[[Eel life history|Remarkable catadromous migrations]] are made by freshwater eels. Examples are the [[American eel]] and the [[European eel]] which migrate huge distances from freshwater rivers to spawn in the [[Sargasso Sea]], and whose subsequent larvae can drift in currents for months and even years before returning to their natal rivers and streams as glass eels or elvers.

An example of a [[euryhaline]] species is the [[bull shark]], which lives in [[Lake Nicaragua]] of Central America and the [[Zambezi|Zambezi River]] of Africa. Both these habitats are fresh water, yet bull sharks will also migrate to and from the ocean. Specifically, Lake Nicaragua bull sharks migrate to the Atlantic Ocean and Zambezi bull sharks migrate to the Indian Ocean.

[[Diel vertical migration]] is a common behavior; many marine species move to the surface at night to feed, then return to the depths during daytime.

A number of large marine fishes, such as the [[tuna]], migrate north and south annually, following temperature variations in the ocean. These are of great importance to [[fishery|fisheries]].

Freshwater (potamodromous) fish migrations are usually shorter, typically from lake to stream or vice versa, for spawning purposes. However, potamodromous migrations of the endangered Colorado [[pikeminnow]] of the Colorado River system can be extensive. Migrations to natal spawning grounds can easily be 100&nbsp;km, with maximum distances of 300&nbsp;km reported from radiotagging studies.<ref name=Lucas2001>{{cite book | last1=Lucas | first1=Martyn C. | last2=Baras | first2=Etienne | title=Migration of freshwater fishes | publisher=Blackwell Science | publication-place=Oxford | date=2001 | isbn=978-0-470-99965-3 | oclc=212130719}}</ref> Colorado pikeminnow migrations also display a high degree of homing and the fish may make upstream or downstream migrations to reach very specific spawning locations in whitewater canyons.<ref name=Tyus2012 />

Sometimes fish can be dispersed by birds that eat fish eggs. They carry eggs in the digestive tracts and then deposit them in their faeces in a new place. The survival rate for fish eggs that have passed through a bird's digestive tract is low.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Experiment shows it is possible for fish to migrate via ingestion by birds|url=https://phys.org/news/2020-06-fish-migrate-ingestion-birds.html|access-date=2020-06-23|website=phys.org|language=en}}</ref>