Editing Formica exsecta (section)

===Fitness and homozygosity===
In single-queen colonies, the level of queen [[Zygosity#Types|homozygosity]] is negatively associated with colony age.<ref name=Haag-Liautard>{{cite journal |vauthors=Haag-Liautard C, Vitikainen E, Keller L, Sundström L |title=Fitness and the level of homozygosity in a social insect |journal=Journal of Evolutionary Biology |volume=22 |issue=1 |pages=134–42 |year=2009 |pmid=19127611 |doi=10.1111/j.1420-9101.2008.01635.x |url=http://doc.rero.ch/record/11248/files/haag_flh.pdf |doi-access=free |access-date=2019-09-25 |archive-date=2021-02-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227132228/http://doc.rero.ch/record/11248/files/haag_flh.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>  Reduced colony survival appears to be due to reduced queen lifespan resulting from queen homozygosity.

Worker homozygosity appeared to affect reproductive allocation, with higher homozygosity being associated with less resources being allocated to the sexual brood and more to worker production.<ref name=Haag-Liautard />