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Fox
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===General morphology=== Foxes are generally smaller than some other members of the family [[Canidae]] such as [[Gray wolf|wolves]] and [[jackal]]s, while they may be larger than some within the family, such as [[raccoon dog]]s. In the largest species, the [[red fox]], males weigh between {{cvt|4.1|and|8.7|kg}},<ref name=Lariviere1996>{{cite journal |author1=Larivière, S. |author2=Pasitschniak-Arts, M. | year = 1996 | title = ''Vulpes vulpes'' | journal = Mammalian Species |issue=537 | pages = 1–11 | doi = 10.2307/3504236|jstor=3504236 | doi-access = free }}</ref> while the smallest species, the [[fennec fox]], weighs just {{convert|0.7|to|1.6|kg|lb|frac=4|abbr=on}}.<ref name=nobleman>{{cite book |title=Foxes |last=Nobleman |first=Marc Tyler |year=2007 |publisher=Benchmark Books (NY) |isbn=978-0-7614-2237-2 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/foxes0000nobl/page/35 35–36] |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/foxes0000nobl/page/35 }}</ref> Fox features typically include a triangular face, pointed ears, an elongated [[rostrum (anatomy)|rostrum]], and a bushy tail. They are [[digitigrade]] (meaning they walk on their toes). Unlike most members of the family Canidae, foxes have partially retractable [[claw]]s.<ref name=Burrows>{{cite book|last1=Burrows|first1=Roger|title=Wild fox.|date=1968|publisher=David & Charles|location=Newton Abbot|isbn=9780715342176}}</ref> Fox vibrissae, or [[whiskers]], are black. The whiskers on the muzzle, known as mystacial vibrissae, average {{convert|100|-|110|mm|in|frac=8|abbr=off}} long, while the whiskers everywhere else on the head average to be shorter in length. Whiskers (carpal vibrissae) are also on the forelimbs and average {{convert|40|mm|in|frac=8|abbr=on}} long, pointing downward and backward.<ref name=Lloyd1980 /> Other physical characteristics vary according to habitat and adaptive significance.
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