Editing Frederick Funston (section)

===Philippines===
Funston was in command in various engagements with Filipino nationalists. In April 1899, he took a Filipino position at [[Calumpit]] by swimming the Bagbag River, then crossing the [[Pampanga River]] under heavy fire. For his bravery, Funston was soon promoted to the rank of brigadier general of volunteers and awarded the Medal of Honor on February 14, 1900.

Funston played the key role in planning and carrying out the capture of Filipino President [[Emilio Aguinaldo]] on March 23, 1901, at [[Palanan]].<ref>{{cite book | last=Funston | first=F. | title=Memories of Two Wars: Cuban and Philippine Experiences | publisher=C. Scribner's Sons | year=1911 | isbn=978-0-7222-7898-7 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L-MkAAAAYAAJ |chapter=The Capture of Emilio Aguinaldo | chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L-MkAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA384 }}</ref> The capture of Aguinaldo made Funston a national hero in the U.S., although the [[American Anti-Imperialist League|anti-imperialist movement]] criticized him when the details of Aguinaldo's capture became known. Funston's party, escorted by a company of [[Macabebe Scouts]], had gained access to Aguinaldo's camp by posing as prisoners. Funston's mission to capture Aguinaldo brought him a [[Regular Army (United States)|Regular Army]] commission just as he was scheduled to be mustered out of the [[Volunteer Army of the United States|volunteer service]] and, at only 35 years old, Funston was appointed a [[brigadier general]] in the Regular Army in recognition of his capture of Aguinaldo. 

In 1902, Funston returned to the United States to increased public opposition to the Philippine–American War, and became the focus of a great deal of controversy. [[Mark Twain]], a strong opponent of U.S. [[imperialism]], published a sarcasm-filled denunciation of Funston's mission and methods under the title "[[A Defence of General Funston]]" in the ''[[North American Review]]''.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://archive.org/details/jstor-25119240 |title=A Defence of General Funston |last=Twain |first=Mark |work=[[North American Review]] |volume=174 |pages=613–24 |date=May 1, 1902 |access-date=March 4, 2005}}</ref> Poet [[Ernest Crosby]] also wrote a satirical, anti-imperialist novel, ''[[Captain Jinks, Hero]]'', that parodied the career of Funston.<ref>{{Cite web |access-date=January 3, 2010 |url=http://historymatters.gmu.edu/d/5477/ |title=Crosby on Kipling: A Parody of "The White Man's Burden}}</ref>

Funston was considered a useful advocate for American [[expansionism]]; however, when he publicly made insulting remarks about [[anti-imperialist]] [[United States Republican Party|Republican]] [[United States Senate|Senator]] [[George Frisbie Hoar]] of [[Massachusetts]], mocking his "overheated conscience" in Denver, just prior to a planned visit to Boston, the epicenter of the U.S. anti-imperialism movement, [[President of the United States|President]] [[Theodore Roosevelt]] denied his furlough request and ordered him to be silenced and officially reprimanded.<ref>Miller (1982), p. 235; ''[[New York Times]]'', April 10, 1902.  Front-page headlines: ''Boston Herald'', April 24, 1902: "President Muzzles Funston" and ''San Francisco Call'', April 25, 1902: "Funston Silenced. President Orders Him to Cease Talking."</ref>