Editing Glass harmonica (section)

==Musical works==
[[File:Carnaval aquarium.jpg|thumb|Part of the original manuscript score of "Aquarium" from ''[[The Carnival of the Animals]]'' by [[Camille Saint-Saëns]]. The top staff was written for the (glass) "Harmonica". {{audio|Camille Saint-Saëns The Carnival of the Animals Aquarium opening.mid|Play}}]]
{{Listen|filename=Stars-GlassArmonica.ogg|title=The Fixed Stars, the Frontier to the Beyond|description=A piece played almost entirely on a glass harmonica.|format=[[Ogg]]}}

Composers including [[Johann Gottlieb Naumann|J. G. Naumann]], [[Giovanni Battista Martini|Padre Martini]], [[Johann Adolph Hasse]], [[Baldassare Galuppi]], and [[Niccolò Jommelli]],<ref name="Harvard">{{Cite book|last=Apel|first=Willi|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TMdf1SioFk4C&pg=PA347 |title=Harvard Dictionary of Music|date=1969|publisher=Harvard University Press|isbn=978-0-674-37501-7|pages=347–348}}</ref> and more than 100 others composed works for the glass harmonica;{{citation needed|date=July 2015}} some pieces survive in the repertoire through transcriptions for more conventional instruments. European monarchs indulged in playing it, and even [[Marie Antoinette]] took lessons as a child from [[Franz Anton Mesmer]].{{citation needed|date=July 2015}}

[[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] wrote his 1791 [[Adagio and Rondo for glass harmonica, flute, oboe, viola and cello|K. 617]] and K.356 (K.617a) for the glass harmonica.<ref name="Harvard"/> [[Ludwig van Beethoven]] used the instrument in his 1814 melodrama ''[[Eleonore Prochaska|Leonore Prohaska]]''.<ref name="Harvard"/> [[Gaetano Donizetti]] used the instrument in the accompaniment to Amelia's aria "Par che mi dica ancora" in ''[[Il castello di Kenilworth]]'', premiered in 1829.<ref name="Osborne1994">{{cite book|author=Charles Osborne|title=The bel canto operas of Rossini, Donizetti, and Bellini|url=https://archive.org/details/belcantooperasof0000osbo|url-access=registration|date=1 April 1994|publisher=Amadeus Press|isbn=978-0-931340-71-0}}</ref> He also originally specified the instrument in ''[[Lucia di Lammermoor]]'' (1835) as a haunting accompaniment to the heroine's "mad scene", though before the premiere he was required by the producers to rewrite the part for two flutes.<ref>{{Cite news |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/05/arts/music/05glas.html |date=October 5, 2007 |title=Resonance Is a Glass Act for a Heroine on the Edge |first=Anthony |last=Tommasini | url-access= limited |author-link=Anthony Tommasini}}</ref> [[Camille Saint-Saëns]] used this instrument in his 1886 ''[[The Carnival of the Animals]]'' (in movements 7 and 14).<ref>{{IMSLP|work=La_Carnaval_des_Animaux_%28Saint-Sa%C3%ABns%2C_Camille%29|cname=''The Carnival of the Animals''}}</ref> [[Richard Strauss]] used the instrument in his 1917 ''[[Die Frau ohne Schatten]]''.<ref name="Harvard"/>

For a while the instrument was "extraordinarily popular," its "'ethereal" qualities characteristic, along with instruments such as the [[nail violin]] and [[Aeolian harp]], of ''[[Sensitive style|Empfindsamkeit]]'', but "the instrument fell into oblivion," around 1830.<ref name="Harvard"/> Since the armonica's performance revival during the 1980s, composers have again written for it (solo, chamber music, opera, electronic music, popular music) including [[Jan Erik Mikalsen]], [[Regis Campo]], Etienne Rolin, [[Philippe Sarde]], [[Damon Albarn]], [[Tom Waits]], Michel Redolfi, Cyril Morin, [[Stefano Giannotti]], [[Thomas Bloch]], [[Jörg Widmann]] (''Armonica'' 2006),<ref>{{Cite news|last=Jeal|first=Erica|date=2016-08-02|title=Zehetmair/ BBC Philharmonic/ Storgårds review – through a glass, darkly|language=en-GB|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2016/aug/02/zehetmair-bbc-philharmonic-storgards-proms-2016-review-glass-harmonica|access-date=2023-02-17|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> and [[Guillaume Connesson]].

The music for the 1997 ballet ''[[Othello (ballet)|Othello]]'' by American composer [[Elliot Goldenthal]] opens and closes with the glass harmonica. The ballet was performed at San Francisco Ballet, the American Ballet Theatre, the Joffrey Ballet, and on tour in Europe including at the Opera Garnier with Dennis James performing with his historical replica instrument.

[[Joseph Schwantner]]'s symphonic poem ''[[Aftertones of Infinity]]'', which was awarded the 1979 [[Pulitzer Prize for Music]].<ref>{{cite book |year=2010 |editor1-last=Fischer |editor1-first=Heinz Dietrich |title=The Pulitzer Prize Winners for Music |publisher=[[Peter Lang (publisher)|Peter Lang]] |pages=160–161 |isbn=978-3-631-59608-1}}</ref> employed individual wine glasses played by numerous members of the orchestra at key points during the work.

[[George Benjamin (composer)|George Benjamin]]'s opera ''[[Written on Skin]]'', which premiered at the 2012 Aix-en-Provence Festival, includes a prominent and elaborate part for the glass harmonica.<ref>George Benjamin, ''Written on Skin'', Full Score, Faber Music, 2013.</ref>