Editing Greyhawk (section)

===Home campaign (1972–1979)===
As Gygax and Arneson worked to develop and publish the rules for ''Dungeons & Dragons'' through [[TSR, Inc.|TSR]], Gygax continued to design and present the dungeons and environs of Castle Greyhawk to his circle of friends and family, using them as [[playtester]]s for new rules and concepts. As the players began to explore more of the world outside of the castle and city, Gygax developed other regions and cities for them. With play sessions occurring seven or more times a week,<ref>Gygax: "An average of seven gaming sessions a week was typical even when I was busy working. Often I played more than that". {{cite web | title = Gary Gygax: Q & A (Part II, Page 9) | publisher = EN World | date = 2003-02-26 | url = http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/38912-q-gary-gygax-continuation-thread-part-ii-9.html | access-date = 2009-03-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110614222337/http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/38912-q-gary-gygax-continuation-thread-part-ii-9.html | archive-date = 2011-06-14 | url-status = dead}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> Gygax did not have the time or inclination to create the map for a whole new world; he simply drew his world over a map of North America, adding new cities and regions as his world slowly grew through ongoing adventures.<ref>Gygax: "When I initiated the Greyhawk campaign, I envisaged a world of parallel earth sort. Thus the geography then assumed was pretty close to that of earth. Being busy running game sessions, creating dungeon levels, the map of Greyhawk City, writing new material, and also really enjoying 'winging it', I never did a large-scale map for the world". {{cite web | title = Gary Gygax: Q & A (Part I, Page 8) | publisher = EN World | date = 2002-09-06 | url = http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/22566-q-gary-gygax-part-i-8.html | access-date = 2009-03-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110615030234/http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/22566-q-gary-gygax-part-i-8.html | archive-date = 2011-06-15 | url-status = dead}}</ref> The city and castle of Greyhawk were placed near the real-world position of Chicago, his birthplace; various other places were clustered around it. For instance, the rival city of [[Dyvers]] he placed in the area of real-world Milwaukee.<ref>Gygax: "The planet was much like our earth. The city of Greyhawk was located on the [Great] lakes in about the position that Chicago is, and Dyvers was north at the Milwaukee location. The general culture was pseudo medieval European. Some of the kingdoms shown on the WoG map were around the adventure-central area, the City of Greyhawk". {{cite web | title = Gary Gygax: Q & A (Part III, Page 4) | publisher = EN World | date = 2003-04-14 | url = http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/46861-q-gary-gygax-pt-3-a-4.html | access-date = 2009-03-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110615031026/http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/46861-q-gary-gygax-pt-3-a-4.html | archive-date = 2011-06-15 | url-status = dead}}</ref><ref>Gygax: "When I was using the pre-World of Greyhawk map for my world setting, the West Coast of North America was the Pleistocene region inhabited by savage cavemen and their contemporary fauna". {{cite web | title = Gary Gygax: Q & A (Part IX, Page 45) | publisher = EN World | date = 2005-07-06 | url = http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/125997-gary-gygax-q-part-ix-45.html | access-date = 2009-03-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110614223924/http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/125997-gary-gygax-q-part-ix-45.html | archive-date = 2011-06-14 | url-status = dead}}</ref>

Gygax also continued to develop the dungeons underneath the castle. By the time he was finished, the complex labyrinth encompassed thirteen levels filled with devious traps, secret passageways, hungry monsters, and glittering treasure. Although details of these original Greyhawk dungeons have never been published in detail, Gygax gave some glimpses of them in an article he wrote for the European fanzine ''Europa'' in 1975:

::Before the rules for ''D&D'' were published, "Old Greyhawk Castle" was 13 levels deep. The first level was a simple maze of rooms and corridors, for none of the "participants" had ever played such a game before. The second level had two unusual items, a Nixie pool and a fountain of snakes. The third featured a torture chamber and small cells and prison rooms. The fourth was a level of crypts and undead. The fifth was centered around a strange font of black fire and gargoyles. The sixth was a repeating maze with dozens of wild hogs... in inconvenient spots, naturally backed up by appropriate numbers of Wereboars. The seventh was centered around a circular labyrinth and a street of masses of ogres. The eighth through tenth levels were caves and caverns featuring Trolls, giant insects and a transporter nexus with an evil Wizard (with a number of tough associates) guarding it. The eleventh level was the home of the most powerful wizard in the castle: He had Balrogs as servants. The remainder of the level was populated by Martian White Apes, except the sub-passage system underneath the corridors which was full of poisonous critters with no treasure. Level twelve was filled with Dragons.

::The bottom level, number thirteen, contained an inescapable slide which took the players clear through 'to China', from whence they had to return via "Outdoor Adventure". It was quite possible to journey downward by an insidious series of slanting passages which began on the second level, but the likelihood of following such a route unknowingly did not become too great until the seventh or eighth level...

::Side levels included a barracks with Orcs, Hobgoblins, and Gnolls continually warring with each other, a museum, a huge arena, an underground lake, a Giant's home, and a garden of fungi.<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Gygax | first = Gary | author-link = Gary Gygax | title = How to Set Up Your Dungeons & Dragons Campaign—and Be Stuck Refereeing It Seven Days a week until the wee hours of the Morning | journal = Europa | volume = 6 | issue = 8 | page = 18 | publisher = Walter Luc Haas | location = Basel, Switzerland | date = April 1975 | url = http://www.whiningkentpigs.com/DW/oldzines/europa6-8.pdf | access-date = 2010-03-22}}</ref>

Anyone who made it to the bottom level alive met Zagyg, the insane architect of the dungeons. ''Zagyg'' is a reverse [[homophone]] of ''Gygax'', and it was Gygax's inside joke that the person who had designed the dungeon—himself—must be insane.<ref>Gygax: "Zagyg is based on a sort of joke--me as the mad designer of Greyhawk Castle and its dungeons. After all, how else could such a place exist? {{cite web | title = Gary Gygax: Q & A (Part I, Page 18) | publisher = EN World | date = 2002-09-20 | url = http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/22566-q-gary-gygax-part-i-18.html | access-date = 2009-03-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110614222933/http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/22566-q-gary-gygax-part-i-18.html | archive-date = 2011-06-14 | url-status = dead}}</ref> Only three players ever made it to the bottom level and met Zagyg, all of them during solo adventures: [[Robert J. Kuntz|Rob Kuntz]] (playing [[Robilar]]), Gygax's son Ernie (playing [[Tenser]]), and Rob's brother [[Terry Kuntz|Terry]] (playing Terik).<ref>Gygax: "Rob, playing Robilar solo, delved into the dungeon, made it. Ernie, noting Rob's absence from adventuring with the party, sent Tenser on a solo quest to discover Robilar's whereabouts. He managed to follow a similar path, and made level 13. Then Terry Kuntz noted both of his usual companions were not available to play, went forth with Terik, and made the lowest level successfully... No other players in the group managed that". {{cite web | title = Gary Gygax: Q & A (Part III, Page 11) | publisher = EN World | date = 2003-05-13 | url = http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/46861-q-gary-gygax-pt-3-a-11.html#post893009 | access-date = 2009-03-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110614222820/http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/46861-q-gary-gygax-pt-3-a-11.html#post893009 | archive-date = 2011-06-14 | url-status = dead}}</ref> Their reward was to be instantly transported to the far side of the world,<ref>Gygax: "When a character got down to this level there was no going back. The one managing that was given an appropriate reward then sent on a giant, one-way slide clear through to the other side of the world". {{cite web | title = Gary Gygax: Q & A (Part III, Page 11) | publisher = EN World | date = 2003-05-13 | url = http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/46861-q-gary-gygax-pt-3-a-11.html#post893009 | access-date = 2009-03-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110614222820/http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/46861-q-gary-gygax-pt-3-a-11.html#post893009 | archive-date = 2011-06-14 | url-status = dead}}</ref> where they each faced a long solo trek back to the city of Greyhawk. Terik and Tenser managed to catch up to Robilar along the way, and the three journeyed back to Greyhawk together.<ref>"Robilar was one of the first to make it around the Oerth. By entering the lowest level in Greyhawk Castle, he was propelled by a magical slide to what would be modern day 'China'. Teric and Tenser followed, as they missed his return to the first level of the Castle, which, as a team, this trio held sway over. They caught up with him by scrying and they finished the adventure together". {{Cite web | last1 = Kuntz | first1 = Robert J. | author-link = Robert J. Kuntz | last2 = Behringer | first2 = Douglas J. | title = Robilar Remembers: Lord Robilar and Co | url = http://site.pied-piper-publishing.com/joomla/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=58&Itemid=65 | access-date = 2009-05-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090221002750/http://site.pied-piper-publishing.com/joomla/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=58&Itemid=65 | archive-date = 2009-02-21 | url-status = dead}}</ref>

By this time, a dozen players crowded Gygax's basement every night, with over 20 at times on weekends<ref name=":0">Gygax: "There were well over 60 different players that participated in the game sessions that I ran, and that's one of the reasons that I had Rob Kuntz join me as co-DM. Many of them, the "regulars" numbering around a dozen, were there seeking daily adventure sessions, while the majority of the others showed up to play on weekends. sometimes there were over 20 D&D gamers ghathered{{sic}} in my basement". {{cite web|url=https://www.enworld.org/threads/q-a-with-gary-gygax.22566/page-260#post-2766231|title=Gary Gygax: Q & A (Page 260)|date=2005-12-05|publisher=EN World|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200223020416/https://www.enworld.org/threads/q-a-with-gary-gygax.22566/page-260#post-2766231|archive-date=2020-02-23|access-date=2020-02-23}}</ref> and the effort needed to plan their adventures took up much of Gygax's spare time. He had been very impressed with Rob Kuntz's imaginative play as a player, and appointed Rob to be co-[[Dungeon Master]] of Greyhawk.<ref>Gygax: "I enlisted Rob as co-DM for my campaign too, as it took two of us to manage the large player groups, and also to run all the game sessions demanded by smaller parties. Often times there were two long sessions a day in 1974 and 1975. I had to write material, so Rob ran many of them". {{cite web | title = Gary Gygax: Q & A (Part I, Page 8) | publisher = EN World | date = 2002-09-06 | url = http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/22566-q-gary-gygax-part-i-8.html | access-date = 2009-03-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110615030234/http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/22566-q-gary-gygax-part-i-8.html | archive-date = 2011-06-15 | url-status = dead}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> This freed up Gygax to work on other projects, and also gave him an opportunity to participate as a player,<ref>Gygax: "Rob would DM for me one-on-one where I mostly roleplayed..." {{cite web | title = Gary Gygax: Q & A (Part II, Page 9) | publisher = EN World | date = 2003-02-26 | url = http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/38912-q-gary-gygax-continuation-thread-part-ii-9.html | access-date = 2009-03-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110614222337/http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/38912-q-gary-gygax-continuation-thread-part-ii-9.html | archive-date = 2011-06-14 | url-status = dead}}</ref> creating characters like Yrag and [[Mordenkainen]].

In order to make room for Rob Kuntz's dungeons, Gygax scrapped his bottom level and integrated Rob's work into the Greyhawk dungeons.<ref>Gygax: "When, after a couple of years of time, Rob became my co-DM, there was a massive alteration in the upper works of the castle, a whole, massive new 1st level was created, and then the level plan for the expanded lower levels of the dungeon was created anew, with the original levels of my making incorporated with those of Rob's dungeons, plus a number of new ones we created to fill the whole scheme". {{cite web | title = Gary Gygax: Q & A (Part IV, Page 9) | publisher = EN World | date = 2003-11-02 | url = http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/57832-gary-gygax-q-part-iv-9.html | access-date = 2009-03-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120319232836/http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/57832-gary-gygax-q-part-iv-9.html | archive-date = 2012-03-19 | url-status = dead}}</ref> Gygax and Kuntz continued to develop new levels for their players, and by the time the Greyhawk home campaign drew to a close in 1985,<ref>Gygax: "I ceased the campaign in 1985 when I severed all times with TSR. I have used it on occasion since, of course, but not for regular, ongoing play". {{cite web | title = Gary Gygax: Q & A (Part XII, Page 34) | publisher = EN World | date = 2007-03-02 | url = http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/171753-gary-gygax-q-part-xii-34.html | access-date = 2009-03-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121004180807/http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/171753-gary-gygax-q-part-xii-34.html | archive-date = 2012-10-04 | url-status = dead}}</ref> the castle dungeons encompassed more than fifty levels.<ref>Gygax: "The whole of the combined material Rob and I put together would be far too large for publication, 50 levels or so".{{cite web | title = Gary Gygax: Q & A (Part IV, Page 9) | publisher = EN World | date = 2003-11-02 | url = http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/57832-gary-gygax-q-part-iv-9.html | access-date = 2009-03-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120319232836/http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/57832-gary-gygax-q-part-iv-9.html | archive-date = 2012-03-19 | url-status = dead}}</ref>

====Significant player characters====
While many players participating in the Gygax and Kuntz home campaign were occasional players, sometimes not even naming their characters,<ref>Q: "I'm curious as to, in the early D&D games, how much character and personality did the players put into the PC's?" Gygax: "The main thrust for most players back then was the action, so a few PCs were unnamed, and we referred to them rather caustically as 'Joe's fighter' or 'Bob's cleric'. The core group, the regulars, were much more concerned with developing their PCs, interacting with each other and some NPCs in character".{{cite web | title = Gary Gygax: Q & A (Part VIII, Page 7) | publisher = EN World | date = 2005-02-26 | url = http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/121380-gary-gygax-q-part-viii-7.html | access-date = 2009-03-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121004180834/http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/121380-gary-gygax-q-part-viii-7.html | archive-date = 2012-10-04 | url-status = dead}}</ref> others played far more frequently, and several of their characters became well known to the general gaming world before publication of the Greyhawk campaign setting. Some of these characters became known when Gygax mentioned them in his various columns, interviews, and publications. In other cases, when Gygax created a new magical spell for the game, he would sometimes use the name of a wizard character from his home campaign to add verisimilitude to the spell name, such as ''Melf's acid arrow'', [[Melf (Greyhawk)|Melf]] being a character created by his son Luke.<ref>Q: "Did you make up named spells like ''Melf's acid arrow'', ''Otiluke's resilient sphere'' and ''Mordenkainen's disjunction'' yourself, or did these come from player research?" Gygax: "All of those spells I made up, usually to honor a PC in my campaign, or for the person who suggested the basis.... Melf [''Melf's acid arrow''] was a PC of son Luke..." {{cite web | title = Gary Gygax: Q & A (Part III, Page 6) | publisher = EN World | date = 2003-05-02 | url = http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/46861-q-gary-gygax-pt-3-a-6.html | access-date = 2009-03-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110614222412/http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/46861-q-gary-gygax-pt-3-a-6.html | archive-date = 2011-06-14 | url-status = dead}}</ref> Some of the characters who became synonymous with Greyhawk at that time included:
* '''[[Murlynd]]''': Gary Gygax's friend [[Don Kaye]] created Murlynd for the second-ever session of Gygax's Greyhawk campaign in 1972.<ref>Gygax: "The next day they played, and with their PCs were two new ones, that of Rob Kuntz and Don Kaye's Murlynd". {{cite web | title = Gary Gygax: Q & A (Part VI, Page 9) | publisher = EN World | date = 2004-03-26 | url = http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/76849-gary-gygax-q-part-vi-9.html | access-date = 2009-03-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120319233013/http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/76849-gary-gygax-q-part-vi-9.html | archive-date = 2012-03-19 | url-status = dead}}</ref> Gygax later recalled that ''Murlynd'' was the first attempt by a player to make a creative name for a character; in the early days, most players—including Gygax himself—simply used their own name as a basis for their character's name, e.g. Gary was ''Yrag'', etc.<ref>Gygax: "In general most of the players, myself included when initially adventuring and not DMing, thought little of the PC's name, but more about what thrilling things would transpire. Thus my first character was named Yrag..."{{cite web | title = Gary Gygax: Q & A (Part X, Page 14) | publisher = EN World | date = 2006-06-15 | url = http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/161566-gary-gygax-q-part-x-14.html | access-date = 2009-03-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110614223112/http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/161566-gary-gygax-q-part-x-14.html | archive-date = 2011-06-14 | url-status = dead}}</ref> According to [[Robert J. Kuntz|Robert Kuntz]], Murlynd did not get his trademark "six-shooters" in actual play, but they were given to the character in tribute to Don Kaye's love of the [[Western (genre)|Western genre]].<ref>Kuntz: "Don was a great fan of the Western and an avid supporter of the ''Boot Hill'' rules". {{cite web | title = Robilar Remembers: Murlynd | publisher = Pied Piper Publishing | date = 2004-10-18 | url = http://piedpiperpublishing.yuku.com/topic/1966 | access-date = 2009-09-16 | archive-date = 2008-10-16 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20081016151449/http://piedpiperpublishing.yuku.com/topic/1966 | url-status = dead }}</ref> Although Gygax did not allow the use of gunpowder in his Greyhawk setting, he made a loophole for Don Kaye by ruling that Murlynd actually carried two magical wands that made loud noises and delivered small but deadly missiles.<ref>Gygax: "The strange wands that Murlynd used made a loud noise and delivered a damaging missile, but neither effect was due to gunpowder. These were very rare magic items devised by Murlynd's arcane understanding of technology and how to make it function magically". {{cite web | title = Gary Gygax: Q & A (Part IV, Page 13) | publisher = EN World | date = 2003-11-25 | url = http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/57832-gary-gygax-q-part-iv-17.html | access-date = 2009-03-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121011172006/http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/57832-gary-gygax-q-part-iv-17.html | archive-date = 2012-10-11 | url-status = dead}}</ref> His name is used for the ''[[Unearthed Arcana]]'' item, ''Murlynd's Spoon''.
* '''[[Robilar]]''': Robilar was a fighter belonging to Rob Kuntz. Like Murlynd, Robilar was also created for the second-ever session beneath Castle Greyhawk in 1972, rolled up on Gygax's kitchen table. Gygax suggested to Kuntz the name of Robilar, after a minor character in Gygax's novella ''The Gnome Cache''.<ref>Kuntz: "Robilar's name is derived from Gary's novel, ''The Gnome Cache''". {{cite web | title = Robilar Remembers: Journey to the City of the Gods | publisher = Pied Piper Publishing | year = 1997 | url = http://pied-piper-publishing.com/ | access-date = 2009-10-03 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20091017133829/http://www.pied-piper-publishing.com/ | archive-date = 2009-10-17}}</ref> Because Kuntz was a constant player, Robilar rapidly gained power and possessions. As the city of Greyhawk was developed, he also became the secret owner of the Green Dragon Inn in the city of Greyhawk, where he kept tabs on happenings in the city.<ref name = oj7>{{Cite journal | last1 = Kuntz | first1 = Robert J. | author-link = Robert J. Kuntz | last2 = Behringer | first2 = Douglas J. | title = Tales from the Green Dragon Inn | journal = The Oerth Journal | issue = 7 | pages = 41–44 | date = June 1994 | url = http://www.oerthjournal.com/oerthjournals/OJ_07.pdf | access-date = 2009-09-05 | archive-date = 2006-01-03 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060103154823/http://www.oerthjournal.com/oerthjournals/OJ_07.pdf | url-status = dead }}</ref> Kuntz quickly grew impatient with play when it involved more than a couple of players, and often played solo adventures one-on-one with Gygax.<ref>Q: "What was the largest party Robilar ever adventured with (I mean, with other player characters)?" Kuntz: "Probably 6-7 in the earlier days. That then was too much for my wants, which spurred me to seek solo adventures when possible". {{cite web | title = Robilar Remembers: Robilar Q & A | publisher = Pied Piper Publishing | date = 2007-05-02 | url = https://www.tapatalk.com/groups/piedpiperpublishing/robilar-q-a-t1951.html | access-date = 2009-05-16 | archive-date = 2011-07-18 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110718150138/http://piedpiperpublishing.yuku.com/topic/1951/t/Robilar-Q-amp-A.html?page=8 | url-status = dead }}</ref> Robilar was not only the first to reach the 13th and bottom level of Gygax's Greyhawk dungeons, but on the way, he was also responsible for freeing nine demi-gods (whom Gygax revived a decade later as some of the first deities of Greyhawk: [[Iuz]], [[Ralishaz]], [[Trithereon]], [[Erythnul]], [[Olidammara]], [[Heironeous]], [[Celestian]], [[Hextor]], and [[Obad-Hai]]). Robilar was also the first to enter Gygax's [[Temple of Elemental Evil]], and conquered it completely. Robilar also freed the demoness Zuggtmoy from her prison at the centre of the Temple. Kuntz later related that Gygax was very dismayed that his masterpiece dungeon had been destroyed by a single adventurer, and as punishment, Gygax had an army pursue Robilar back to his castle, which he had to abandon.<ref>Kuntz: "Gary was none too happy with Robilar's adventure beneath the Temple of Elemental Evil. Robilar had a great time dismembering creatures, crunching things and watching Gary's look of consternation grow with every toppled column. The final straw was the releasing of Zuggtmoy. The DM's vendetta pursued Robilar all the way back to his castle, which he was forced to abandon". {{cite web | title = Robilar Remembers: Lord Robilar and Co | publisher = Pied Piper Publishing | url = http://site.pied-piper-publishing.com/joomla/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=58&Itemid=65 | access-date = 2009-05-16 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090221002750/http://site.pied-piper-publishing.com/joomla/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=58&Itemid=65 | archive-date = 2009-02-21 | url-status = dead}}</ref><ref>Kuntz: "Losing my castle was a major defeat, but I decided to abandon it because [Gygax] was noticeably intent on getting even with me for the Temple of Elemental Evil sacking I'd perpetrated". {{cite web | title = Robilar Remembers: Robilar's defeats | publisher = Pied Piper Publishing | date = 2007-01-29 | url = http://piedpiperpublishing.yuku.com/topic/1953 | access-date = 2009-05-16 | archive-date = 2008-10-16 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20081016151440/http://piedpiperpublishing.yuku.com/topic/1953 | url-status = dead }}</ref> Robilar also lost possession of the Green Dragon Inn.<ref>Kuntz: "The city, at the instigation of those Good forces, especially Tenser, had [the Green Dragon] confiscated". {{cite web | title = Robilar Remembers: Robilar's defeats | publisher = Pied Piper Publishing | date = 2007-01-29 | url = http://piedpiperpublishing.yuku.com/topic/1953 | access-date = 2009-05-16 | archive-date = 2008-10-16 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20081016151440/http://piedpiperpublishing.yuku.com/topic/1953 | url-status = dead }}</ref>
* '''[[Tenser]]''': Tenser was a wizard played by Gygax's son Ernie. In the earliest days of Greyhawk, Ernie often gamed with Rob Kuntz (Robilar) and Terry Kuntz (Terik). At one point, using their combined forces of loyal henchmen, the three controlled access to the first level of the Greyhawk dungeons while they ransacked the lower levels.<ref>Kuntz: "Robilar, along with Teric and Tenser, formed a triumvirate and took over the first level of Castle Greyhawk for a while. They barracked their respective forces there and guarded ingress and egress, using the location as a base for further adventures deep within the sprawling castle complex". {{cite web | title = Robilar Remembers: Lord Robilar and Co | publisher = Pied Piper Publishing | url = http://site.pied-piper-publishing.com/joomla/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=58&Itemid=65 | access-date = 2009-05-16 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090221002750/http://site.pied-piper-publishing.com/joomla/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=58&Itemid=65 | archive-date = 2009-02-21 | url-status = dead}}</ref> Tenser became the second character to reach the thirteenth (and bottom, at the time) level of the Greyhawk dungeons, when he noticed that Robilar was missing and went in search of him.<ref>Gygax: "Ernie, noting Rob's absence from adventuring with the party, sent Tenser on a solo quest to discover Robilar's whereabouts. He managed to follow a similar path, and made level 13". {{cite web | title = Gary Gygax: Q & A (Part III, Page 11) | publisher = EN World | date = 2003-05-13 | url = http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/46861-q-gary-gygax-pt-3-a-11.html#post893009 | access-date = 2009-03-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110614222820/http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/46861-q-gary-gygax-pt-3-a-11.html#post893009 | archive-date = 2011-06-14 | url-status = dead}}</ref> Gary Gygax included the name ''Tenser'' in the names of two spells, ''Tenser's floating disc'' and ''Tenser's transformation''.
* '''Terik''' (or Teric) was a character created by Terry Kuntz. Terik often adventured with Tenser and Robilar in the days when the three controlled the first level of the dungeons of Greyhawk.<ref name=oj7 /> Terik became the third and last character to reach the bottom level of Gygax's original Greyhawk dungeon when he noticed Robilar and Tenser were missing and went in search of them.<ref name=oj7 />
* '''[[Erac's Cousin]]''': Gary Gygax's son Ernie originally had a character he called Erac. Later, he created a wizard who, due to a personal issue as part of his [[backstory]], refused to reveal his name, simply referring to himself as Erac's Cousin. Gary Gygax knew that Ernie liked the [[Barsoom]] stories of [[Edgar Rice Burroughs]], and at one point, transported Erac's Cousin to a Barsoom-like Mars,<ref name=oj7 /> where the inhabitants refused to let the wizard use magic. Erac's Cousin was forced to become a fighter instead, and learned to fight proficiently with two weapons simultaneously. Eventually he was able to teleport back to Oerth, but when he acquired two [[vorpal]] blades, Rob Kuntz and Gary Gygax decided he had become too powerful,<ref name=oj7 /> and lured him into a demon's clutches. The demon took him to an alternative plane that drained the magic from the vorpal blades, destroying them.
* '''Yrag''': After Gygax made Kuntz a co-DM, this fighter was Gygax's first character,<ref>Gygax: "My first PC was a fighter named Yrag, back in 1972". {{cite web | title = Gary Gygax: Q & A (Part VIII, Page 8) | publisher = EN World | date = 2005-03-01 | url = http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/121380-gary-gygax-q-part-viii-8.html | access-date = 2009-03-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110614222149/http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/121380-gary-gygax-q-part-viii-8.html | archive-date = 2011-06-14 | url-status = dead}}</ref> and Gygax often referred to Yrag's various adventures in columns and interviews. ''Yrag'' is simply ''Gary'' spelled backwards.
* '''[[Mordenkainen]]''': This was perhaps Gygax's most famous character, and also his favorite.<ref>Q: "Of the characters you have played, which is your favorite?" Gygax: "I really must admit Mordenkainen is my favorite. I enjoy playing fighters, rangers, thieves, clerics, and multi-classed sorts in OAD&D, but the magic-user is usually most fun for me". {{cite web | last = Johnson | first = Joel | title = Dungeons & Dragons Creator Gary Gygax Passes Away; Interview | publisher = Boing Boing Gadgets | date = 2008-03-04 | url = http://gadgets.boingboing.net/2008/03/04/dungeons-dragons-cre.html | access-date = 2009-05-14}}</ref> Mordenkainen was created in early 1973,<ref>Gygax: "Mordenkainen came into being about the first month of 1973". {{cite web | title = Gary Gygax: Q & A | publisher = EN World | date = 2005-03-01 | url = https://www.enworld.org/threads/q-a-with-gary-gygax.22566/page-140 | access-date = 2009-03-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110614222149/http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/121380-gary-gygax-q-part-viii-8.html | archive-date = 2011-06-14 | url-status = dead}}</ref> and his name was drawn from Finnish mythology.<ref>Gygax: "The background I created for Mordenkainen was Finnish-like in nature.... I really was captivated with Finnish myth after seeing a B&W movie done by the Russians, I think, about [Vainomoinen], Leminkainen, and Ilmarinen adventuring to Pojola and entering Louhi's fortress, then reading ''The Green Magician'' by de Camp and Pratt as well as the Kalevala". {{cite web | title = Gary Gygax: Q & A (Part X, Page 13) | publisher = EN World | date = 2006-06-13 | url = http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/161566-gary-gygax-q-part-x-13.html | access-date = 2009-03-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110614222212/http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/161566-gary-gygax-q-part-x-13.html | archive-date = 2011-06-14 | url-status = dead}}</ref> Due to constant play, often with Rob Kuntz as DM, Gygax advanced Mordenkainen into a powerful character. Gygax never revealed exactly how powerful Mordenkainen was, simply stating that the wizard had "twenty-something levels".<ref>Gygax: "I do believe that Mordenkainen earned his twenty-something levels through cleverness, daring, a bit of luck, and dint of trying..." {{cite web | title = Gary Gygax: Q & A (Part X, Page 13) | publisher = EN World | date = 2006-06-13 | url = http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/161566-gary-gygax-q-part-x-13.html | access-date = 2009-03-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110614222212/http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/161566-gary-gygax-q-part-x-13.html | archive-date = 2011-06-14 | url-status = dead}}</ref> Even years after he last played Mordenkainen, he would not disclose any of Mordenkainen's powers or possessions.<ref>Q: "May we see [Mordenkainen's] stats?" Gygax: "Can you see Mordie's stats? No!" {{cite web | last = Johnson | first = Joel | title = Dungeons & Dragons Creator Gary Gygax Passes Away; Interview | publisher = Boing Boing Gadgets | date = 2008-03-04 | url = http://gadgets.boingboing.net/2008/03/04/dungeons-dragons-cre.html | access-date = 2009-05-14}}</ref> Various spells from first edition bear his name, such as ''Mordenkainen's faithful hound'', ''Mordenkainen's lucubration'', and ''Mordenkainen's sword''.
* '''[[Bigby (Greyhawk)|Bigby]]''': Bigby started life as an evil low-level wizard non-player character in Rob Kuntz's dungeons of Greyhawk. Gary Gygax, playing Mordenkainen, managed to subdue him, and forced Bigby to become his servant. After a long time and several adventures, Mordenkainen managed to convince Bigby to leave his evil ways behind, and Kuntz ruled that Bigby had changed from an enemy to a loyal henchman, and therefore Gygax could take over Bigby as a player character.<ref>Gygax: "Mordenkainen was adventuring in Rob's dungeon when he surprised a 3rd level magic-user of Evil persuasion. Mordie's ''charm'' spell worked on that worthy, whose name turned out to be Bigby. By dint of fellowship, lecturing, mentoring, and sharing with Bigby, he was not only turned from [Evil] to Neutral, but from there to a leaning towards [Good] as he considered his past actions". {{cite web | title = Gary Gygax: Q & A (Part IX, Page 24) | publisher = EN World | date = 2006-08-08 | url = http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/167680-gary-gygax-q-part-xi-24.html | access-date = 2009-03-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110614221846/http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/167680-gary-gygax-q-part-xi-24.html | archive-date = 2011-06-14 | url-status = dead}}</ref><ref>Q: "I heard a story which made it sound like Bigy was an NPC that you charmed and [who] later became your PC". Gygax: "Mordenkainen did indeed manage to get the drop on Bigby, [and] charm him. At the time Bigby was a 3rd-level [Evil] dungeon dweller. By word and deed Mordie brought him around from [Evil] to [Neutral], and thus Bigby became his apprentice. I got to roll the stats for that character after Rob [Kuntz] determined he was a loyal henchman of Mordenkainen". {{cite web | title = Gary Gygax: Q & A (Part VIII, Page 3) | publisher = EN World | date = 2005-02-19 | url = http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/121380-gary-gygax-q-part-viii.html | access-date = 2009-03-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110614221912/http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/121380-gary-gygax-q-part-viii.html | archive-date = 2011-06-14 | url-status = dead}}</ref> Thereafter, Gygax developed Bigby into a powerful wizard second only to Mordenkainen, and used his name to describe a series of ''hand'' spells, e.g. ''Bigby's crushing hand'' and ''Bigby's grasping hand''. For a time after this, Rob Kuntz ruled that all the names of Mordenkainen's future henchmen had to rhyme with Bigby. This resulted in Zigby the dwarf; Rigby the cleric; Sigby Griggbyson the fighter; Bigby's apprentice, Nigby; and Digby, Mordenkainen's new apprentice who replaced Bigby.<ref>{{cite journal | title = What's in a Name? Call it Whatever, But it Still Smells Sweet | journal = Dragon | issue = 318 | publisher = Paizo | location = Bellevue WA | date=April 2004}}</ref>
* '''[[Melf (Greyhawk)|Melf]]''': Melf was an elven character created by Gary Gygax's son Luke. Gary Gygax borrowed Melf's name for the spell ''Melf's acid arrow''.<ref>{{Cite web | last = Whitehead | first = Adam | title = The Worlds of D&D: Greyhawk | work = The Wertzone | date = 2009-10-25 | url = http://thewertzone.blogspot.com/2009/10/worlds-of-d-greyhawk.html | access-date = 2010-04-15}}</ref>
* '''[[Rary]]''': Rary was a wizard created by [[Brian Blume]] and played only until he reached the 3rd level, at which point Blume retired him, having reached his objective, which was to be able to call his character "Medium Rary".<ref>Gygax: "[Rary] was one that Brian Blume created early in the D&D cycle, a magic-user that Brian wanted to work up to 3rd level so as to introduce him as 'Medium Rary.' When he gained that level Brian quit playing that PC, and pretty much dropped out of regularly playing D&D in fact".{{cite web | title = Gary Gygax: Q & A (Part X, Page 7) | publisher = EN World | date = 2006-05-29 | url = http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/161566-gary-gygax-q-part-x-7.html | access-date = 2009-03-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110615030501/http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/161566-gary-gygax-q-part-x-7.html | archive-date = 2011-06-15 | url-status = dead}}</ref> Gygax borrowed the name for the spells ''Rary's mnemonic enhancer'' and ''Rary's telepathic bond''.
* '''[[Otto (Greyhawk)|Otto]]''': Otto, like Bigby, started life as an evil non-player character wizard in the dungeons of Greyhawk. Tenser and Robilar defeated him in combat, and when given a choice of which master to serve, Otto chose to serve Robilar, thereby becoming a character controlled by Robilar's creator, Rob Kuntz. Thereafter, Otto accompanied Robilar on many adventures, including Robilar's destruction of the Temple of Elemental Evil.<ref name=oj7 /> Gary Gygax borrowed Otto's name for the spell ''Otto's irresistible dance''.
* '''[[Drawmij]]''': Drawmij was a wizard created by [[Jim Ward (game designer)|Jim Ward]]—''Drawmij'' is simply his name spelled backwards. Gygax borrowed Drawmij's name for the magical spell ''Drawmij's instant summons''.
* '''The Circle of Eight''': At the point where Gygax's own characters in the Greyhawk home campaign had collectively accumulated both enough wealth that they could not easily spend it, and a standing army that rivalled most nations' forces, he gathered all eight of the characters—Mordenkainen (wizard), Yrag (fighter), Bigby (wizard), Rigby (cleric), Zigby (dwarf), Felnorith (fighter), Vram (elf) & Vin (elf)—together as the Circle of Eight. Pooling their resources, Gygax had the Eight construct a stronghold in the middle of an evil land so they would not have to travel far to find adventure.<ref>Gygax: "The original [Circle of Eight] was composed of my PCs--Mordenkainen, Bigby, Yrag, Rigby, Felnorith, Zigby, Vram & Vin. In the novel version the Circle was expanded to encompass other PCs in my campaign such as Tenser. It came into being because Mordenkainen and Associates had a lot of wealth stored up from successful adventuring, located a place for a stronghold deep in enemy territory to assure plenty of action, and then went to work building the citadel". {{cite web | title = Gary Gygax: Q & A (Part IV, Page 9) | publisher = EN World | date = 2003-11-01 | url = http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/57832-gary-gygax-q-part-iv-9.html | access-date = 2009-03-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120319232836/http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/57832-gary-gygax-q-part-iv-9.html | archive-date = 2012-03-19 | url-status = dead}}</ref> After three years of game time,<ref>Gygax: "As there was a small army of dwarves associated with the larger, mounted field army, the building project went relatively quickly, about three game years to complete". {{cite web | title = Gary Gygax: Q & A (Part IV, Page 9) | publisher = EN World | date = 2003-11-01 | url = http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/57832-gary-gygax-q-part-iv-9.html | access-date = 2009-03-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120319232836/http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/57832-gary-gygax-q-part-iv-9.html | archive-date = 2012-03-19 | url-status = dead}}</ref> the result was the Obsidian Citadel, an octagonal castle which housed the Circle of Eight and their armies.<ref>Gygax: "The Obsidian Citadel was indeed my personal creation as a player.... It was an octagonal castle with eight wall towers and a central keep with much space between the outer wall and the inner works because of the number of troops housed in this fortress". {{cite web | title = Gary Gygax: Q & A (Part VI, Page 9) | publisher = EN World | date = 2004-03-26 | url = http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/76849-gary-gygax-q-part-vi-9.html | access-date = 2009-03-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120319233013/http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/76849-gary-gygax-q-part-vi-9.html | archive-date = 2012-03-19 | url-status = dead}}</ref><ref>Gygax: "The Obsidian Citadel and its Circle of Eight was original to my own campaign. When Mordenkainen was at a level I considered too high for normal adventuring, I used the money he and his associates had amassed to construct the said fortress". {{cite web | title = Gary Gygax: Q & A (Part III, Page 17) | publisher = EN World | date = 2003-07-08 | url = http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/46861-q-gary-gygax-pt-3-a-17.html | access-date = 2009-03-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121014144355/http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/46861-q-gary-gygax-pt-3-a-17.html | archive-date = 2012-10-14 | url-status = dead}}</ref> After Gygax was ousted from [[TSR, Inc.|TSR]], [[Carl Sargent]] and Rik Rose remolded Gygax's old "Circle of Eight" in ''[[The City of Greyhawk]]'' boxed set into a new plot device. Instead of a group of eight companions belonging to Gygax, who sallied forth from an impregnable bastion to fight evil, the Circle became eight wizards brought together by Gygax's own creation now owned by TSR, Mordenkainen.<ref name="BoLS">{{cite web | title = D&D: Mordenkainen's Magnificent Backstory | last=Zambrano |first=J.R. | publisher = BoLS Interactive | date = 2020-06-10 | url = https://www.belloflostsouls.net/2020/06/dd-mordenkainens-magnificent-backstory.html | access-date = 2021-04-28}}</ref> Game designer [[Ken Rolston]] described this new Circle of Eight as "a powerful and influential local organization of wizards".<ref name="Dragon #156">{{cite journal | last = Rolston | first = Ken | author-link = Ken Rolston | title = Role-playing Reviews | journal = [[Dragon (magazine)|Dragon]] | issue = #156 | pages = 84–85 | publisher = [[TSR, Inc.|TSR]] | location = [[Lake Geneva, Wisconsin]] | date=April 1990}}</ref> [[Wolfgang Baur]] found the Circle of Eight a small but knowledgable organization, central to the mythos of the ''Greyhawk'' setting, with all its members being important.<ref name="WB">{{cite book |last=Baur |first=Wolfgang |author-link=Wolfgang Baur |date=2016 |title=Des Kobolds Handbuch der Welterschaffung |location= |publisher=Ulisses Spiele |chapter=Eine Gilde, ein Kolleg oder eine Geheimgesellschaft entwerfen |isbn=9783957523501}}</ref>

====Greyhawk firsts====
=====The first publication to mention Greyhawk=====
Gary Gygax wrote a short story titled "The Expedition Into the Black Reservoir", subtitled "A Dungeon Adventure at Greyhawk Castle", which was published in the August 1974 issue of Chicago small press magazine ''El Conquistador''.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.blackgate.com/2017/10/16/the-expedition-into-the-black-reservoir-a-dungeon-adventure-at-greyhawk-castle-by-gary-gygax/ | title=The Expedition into the Black Reservoir: A Dungeon Adventure at Greyhawk Castle by Gary Gygax – Black Gate | date=16 October 2017 }}</ref>

=====The first mention of Oerth=====
In the first issue of [[Dragon (magazine)|''The Dragon'']] published in June 1976, Gygax prefaced Chapter 1 of his serialized novella ''The Gnome Cache'' with a note that the story's setting, [[Oerth]], was very similar to Earth in terms of geography.<ref>{{cite journal | last = Gygax | first = Gary | author-link = Gary Gygax | title = The Gnome Cache (Part I) | journal = The Dragon | issue = 1 | page = 28 | publisher = [[TSR, Inc.|TSR]] | location = Lake Geneva WI | date=June 1976}}</ref>

=====The first deities of Greyhawk=====
One facet of culture that Gygax did not address during the first few years of his home campaign was organized religion. Since his campaign was largely built around the needs of lower-level characters, he did not think specific deities were necessary, since direct interaction between a god and a low-level character was very unlikely. Some of his players took matters into their own hands, calling upon Norse or Greek gods such as [[Odin]] or [[Zeus]], or even [[Conan the Barbarian|Conan's]] [[Crom (fictional deity)|Crom]] in times of dire need.<ref>Kuntz: "Before [Gygax] codified the gods there [were] Norse Gods... Robilar really only mentioned Odin once or twice; Mornard's Gronan as well as Ratners's Ayelerach both swore by Crom". {{cite web | title = Robilar Remembers: Goddess of Luck? | publisher = Pied Piper Publishing | date = 2002-11-20 | url = http://piedpiperpublishing.yuku.com/topic/1994 | access-date = 2009-09-16 | archive-date = 2017-02-06 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170206093042/http://piedpiperpublishing.yuku.com/topic/1994 | url-status = dead }}</ref> However, some of the players wanted Gygax to create and customize a specific deity so that cleric characters could receive their powers from someone less ambiguous than ''the gods''. Gygax jokingly created two gods: [[Saint Cuthbert (Dungeons & Dragons)|Saint Cuthbert]]—who brought non-believers around to his point of view with whacks of his cudgel<ref>Gygax: "St. Cuthbert was more of a joke than otherwise. Consider the advocacy of pounding sense into someone's head by dint of blows from a club". {{cite web | title = Gary Gygax: Q & A (Part XII, Page 4) | publisher = EN World | date = 2006-08-23 | url = http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/171753-gary-gygax-q-part-xii-4.html | access-date = 2009-03-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110615024030/http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/171753-gary-gygax-q-part-xii-4.html | archive-date = 2011-06-15 | url-status = dead}}</ref> —and [[Pholtus]], whose fanatical followers refused to believe that any other gods existed. Because both of these deities represented aspects of Good, Gygax eventually created a few evil deities to provide some villainy.<ref>Gygax: "The development of anything akin to a logical pantheon of deities for the world setting took a considerable period of time to complete because we seldom dealt with such entities in play. St. Cuthbert and Pholtus were amusing to the players with cleric PCs so I spent time detailing them. The balance then followed as I brought into play evil deities to serve as villains and to frustrate the aims of the PCs". {{cite web | title = Gary Gygax: Q & A (Part VIII, Page 5) | publisher = EN World | date = 2005-02-24 | url = http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/121380-gary-gygax-q-part-viii-5.html | access-date = 2009-03-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110615025043/http://www.enworld.org/forum/archive-threads/121380-gary-gygax-q-part-viii-5.html | archive-date = 2011-06-15 | url-status = dead}}</ref>

In Chapter 2 of ''The Gnome Cache'', which appeared in the second issue of ''The Dragon'', a shrine to St. Cuthbert (spelled ''St. Cuthburt'') was mentioned, which was the first published reference to a Greyhawk deity.<ref>{{cite journal | last = Gygax | first = Gary | author-link = Gary Gygax | title = The Gnome Cache (Part II) | journal = The Dragon | issue = 2 | page = 6 | publisher = [[TSR, Inc.|TSR]] | location = Lake Geneva WI | date = August 1976}}</ref>

=====The first Greyhawk novel=====
In 1976, Gygax invited the science fiction/fantasy writer [[Andre Norton]] to play ''[[Dungeons & Dragons]]'' in his Greyhawk world. Norton subsequently wrote ''[[Quag Keep]]'', which involved a group of gamers who travel from the real world to Greyhawk. It was the first novel to be set, at least partially, in the Greyhawk setting, and according to ''Alternative Worlds'', the first to be based on ''D&D''.<ref>{{cite book | last1=Norton | first1=Andre | author-link=Andre Norton | first2=Jean | last2=Rabe | author-link2=Jean Rabe | title=Return to Quag Keep | publisher=MacMillan | year=2006 | pages=Introduction | isbn=0-7653-1298-0 | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=zRiBR0YlFJAC&q=greyhawk+gygax&pg=PP3}}</ref> ''Quag Keep'' was excerpted in issue #12 of ''The Dragon'' (February 1978)<ref>{{cite journal | last = Norton | first = Andre | author-link = Andre Norton | title = Quag's Keep (excerpts) | journal = The Dragon | issue = 12 | pages = 22–30 | publisher = [[TSR, Inc.|TSR]] | location = Lake Geneva WI | date=February 1978}}</ref> just prior to the book's release.

=====The first Greyhawk adventures published by TSR=====
From 1976 to 1979, Gygax also shared some glimpses of his home campaign with other gamers when he set several TSR ''Dungeons & Dragons'' adventures in the world of Greyhawk:<ref name="Dragon #143">{{cite journal | last = Bambra | first = Jim | author-link = Jim Bambra | title = Role-playing Reviews | journal = [[Dragon (magazine)|Dragon]] | issue = #143 | pages = 71–72 | publisher = [[TSR, Inc.|TSR]] | location = [[Lake Geneva, Wisconsin]] | date=March 1989}}</ref>
* ''Lost Caverns of Tsojconth'' (1976), republished in 1982 as [[Lost Caverns of Tsojcanth|S4 ''Lost Caverns of Tsojcanth'']]
* [[Tomb of Horrors|S1 ''Tomb of Horrors'']] (1978)
* [[Steading of the Hill Giant Chief|G1 ''Steading of the Hill Giant Chief'']] (1978)<ref name="Dragon #143"/>
* [[Glacial Rift of the Frost Giant Jarl|G2 ''Glacial Rift of the Frost Giant Jarl'']] (1978)<ref name="Dragon #143"/>
* [[Hall of the Fire Giant King|G3 ''Hall of the Fire Giant King'']] (1978)<ref name="Dragon #143"/>
* [[Descent into the Depths of the Earth|D1 ''Descent into the Depths of the Earth'']] (1978)<ref name="Dragon #143"/>
* [[Shrine of the Kuo-Toa|D2 ''Shrine of the Kuo-Toa'']] (1978)<ref name="Dragon #143"/>
* [[Vault of the Drow|D3 ''Vault of the Drow'']] (1978)<ref name="Dragon #143"/>
* [[The Village of Hommlet|T1 ''The Village of Hommlet'']] (1978)

In addition, [[Lawrence Schick]] set his 1979 TSR adventure [[White Plume Mountain|S2 ''White Plume Mountain'']] in Greyhawk.

Despite fan curiosity, the original Castle Greyhawk was never officially published outside of Gygax's home campaign.<ref name="auto"/>