Editing Heir apparent (section)

== Displacement of heirs apparent ==
The position of an heir apparent is normally unshakable: it can be assumed they will inherit. Sometimes, however, extraordinary events&mdash;such as the death or the deposition of the parent&mdash;intervene.

=== People who lost heir apparent status ===
* On 30 April 892, [[Al-Mufawwid]] was removed from the succession to the [[Abbasid Caliphate]].{{sfn|Fields|1987|pp=166–169}} When al-Mu'tamid died in October 892, he was succeeded by [[Al-Mu'tadid]].{{sfn|Kennedy|1993|pp=765–766}}
* Parliament deposed [[James Francis Edward Stuart]], the infant son of King [[James II of England|James VII & II]] (of Scotland and of England and Ireland respectively) whom James II was rearing as a Catholic, as the King's legal heir apparent&mdash;declaring that James had, de facto, [[abdicate]]d&mdash;and [[Invitation to William|offered the throne]] to James II's elder daughter, the young prince's much older [[Protestant]] half-sister, [[Mary II of England|Mary]] (along with her husband, Prince [[William III of England|William of Orange]]).  When the exiled King James died in 1701, his [[Jacobitism|Jacobite]] supporters proclaimed the exiled Prince James Francis Edward as King James VIII of Scotland and James III of England and Ireland; but neither he nor his descendants (the last of whom died in 1807) were ever successful in their bids for the throne.
* Crown Prince [[Gustav, Prince of Vasa|Gustav]] (later known as Gustav, Prince of Vasa), son of [[Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden]], lost his place when his father was [[Coup of 1809|deposed]] and replaced by Gustav IV Adolf's aged uncle, the Duke Carl, who became [[Charles XIII of Sweden]] in 1809.  The aged King Charles XIII did not have surviving sons, and Prince Gustav was the only living male of the whole dynasty (besides his deposed father), but the prince was never regarded as heir of Charles XIII, although there were factions in the [[Riksdag of the Estates|Riksdag]] and elsewhere in Sweden who desired to preserve him, and, in the subsequent constitutional elections, supported his election as his grand-uncle's successor.  Instead, the government proceeded to have a new crown prince elected (which was the proper constitutional action, if no male heir was left in the dynasty), and the Riksdag elected first [[August, Prince of Augustenborg]], and then, after August's death, the Prince of [[Ponte Corvo]] (Marshal [[Charles XIV John of Sweden|Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte]], who acceded as Charles XIV John in 1818). The two lines united later, when Charles XIV John's great-grandson Crown Prince [[Gustaf V of Sweden|Gustaf]] (who acceded as Gustaf V in 1907) married Gustav IV Adolf's great-granddaughter [[Victoria of Baden]], who became Crown Princess of Sweden. Thus, from [[Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden|Gustav VI Adolf]] onward, the kings of Sweden are direct descendants of both Gustav IV Adolf and his son's replacement as crown prince, Charles XIV John.
* Prince [[Prince Carl Philip, Duke of Värmland|Carl Philip of Sweden]], at his birth in 1979, was heir apparent to the throne of Sweden.  Less than eight months later, a change in that country's succession laws instituted absolute [[primogeniture]], and Carl Philip was supplanted as heir apparent by his elder sister [[Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden|Victoria]].
* [[Muqrin bin Abdulaziz]] became Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia in January 2015 upon the death of his half-brother [[Abdullah of Saudi Arabia|King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz Al Saud]] and the accession of another half-brother, [[Salman of Saudi Arabia|Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud]], to the [[House of Saud|Saudi throne]]. In April of that year, Salman removed Muqrin as Crown Prince, replacing him with their nephew [[Muhammad bin Nayef]]. Muhammad bin Nayef himself was later replaced as Crown Prince by the king's son [[Mohammad bin Salman]].

=== Breaching legal qualification of heirs apparent ===
In some jurisdictions, an heir apparent can automatically lose that status by breaching certain constitutional rules. Today, for example:

* A British heir apparent would lose this status if he or she became a Catholic. This is the only religion-based restriction on the heir apparent. Previously, marrying a Catholic also equated to losing this status. However, in October 2011 the governments of the then-16 Commonwealth realms (now 15), of which King [[Charles III]] is monarch, agreed to [[Perth Agreement|remove the restriction on marriage to a Catholic]]. All of the Commonwealth realms subsequently passed [[Succession to the Crown Act 2013|legislation to implement the change]], which fully took effect in March 2015.
* Swedish Crown Princes and Crown Princesses would lose heir apparent status, according to the [[Swedish Act of Succession|Act of Succession]], if they married without approval of the monarch and the [[Government of Sweden|Government]], abandoned the "[[Church of Sweden|pure Evangelical faith]]", or accepted another throne without the approval of the [[Riksdag]].
* Dutch Princes and Princesses of Orange would lose status as heir to the throne if they married without the approval of the [[States General of the Netherlands|States-General]], or simply renounced the right.
* Spanish Princes and Princesses of Asturias would lose status if they married against the express prohibition of the monarch and the [[Cortes Generales|Cortes]].
* Belgian Dukes and Duchesses of Brabant would lose heir apparent status if they married without the consent of the monarch, or became monarch of another country.
* Danish Crown Princes and Princesses would lose status if they married without the permission of the monarch. When the monarch grants permission for a dynast to enter marriage, he may set conditions that must be met for the dynasts and/or their children to gain or maintain a place in the line of succession; this also applies for Crown Princes and Princesses.