Editing Indexicality (section)

=== Referential indexicality (deixis) ===
{{Main|Deixis}}
In linguistic anthropology, ''deixis'' is defined as [[Reference#Semantics|referential]] indexicality—that is, [[morpheme]]s or strings of morphemes, generally organized into closed [[paradigm]]atic sets, which function to "individuate or single out objects of reference or address in terms of their relation to the current interactive context in which the utterance occurs".<ref name=hanks>{{cite encyclopedia |last=Hanks |first=William F. |author-link=William F. Hanks |editor1-last=Goodwin |editor1-first=Charles |editor2-last=Duranti |editor2-first=Alessandro |encyclopedia=Rethinking context: Language as an interactive phenomenon |title=Rethinking context: an introduction |url=http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/anthro/faculty/duranti/reprints/rethco.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030312200748/http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/anthro/faculty/duranti/reprints/rethco.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=March 12, 2003 |access-date=February 19, 2017 |year=1992 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Cambridge |pages=43–76}}</ref>{{rp|46–47}} ''Deictic'' expressions are thus distinguished, on the one hand, from standard denotational categories such as common [[noun]]s, which potentially refer to any member of a whole class or category of entities: these display purely semantico-referential meaning, and in the Peircean terminology are known as ''symbols''. On the other hand, deixis is distinguished as a particular subclass of indexicality in general, which may be nonreferential or altogether nonlinguistic.

In the older terminology of [[Otto Jespersen]] and [[Roman Jakobson]], these forms were called ''shifters''.<ref>Jespersen 1965 [1924]</ref><ref>Jacobson 1971 [1957]</ref> Silverstein, by introducing the terminology of Peirce, was able to define them more specifically as referential indexicals.<ref name=shifters/>